Articles tagged with Atomic Structure
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have created an atomic structure of the peptide-loading complex, a biological nanomachine that loads antigens onto MHC molecules. This allows for detailed molecular dynamics simulations to study its dynamics and mechanism, enabling targeted interventions in immune processes.
Researchers from the University of Freiburg and their collaborators have developed a new method to simulate the formation of quantum crystals using dipolar atoms. This allows for unprecedented precision in measuring structures that have not been observed before, providing insights into the quantum properties underlying crystal formation.
Scientists have discovered a novel disordered crystalline phase of silica that forms under dynamic shock compression, challenging longstanding assumptions about the material's behavior. The findings provide new insights into planetary formation and evolution, and may reveal details about the Earth's geologic history.
Researchers at University of Bath discover formula to predict interaction between layers of atomically thin materials, enabling efficient design of electronic components. The study's findings have the potential to lead to breakthroughs in materials science and their practical applications.
The Center for Matter at Atomic Pressures (CMAP) will investigate the properties of matter under high pressures, shedding light on the formation and evolution of planets. The research aims to uncover novel properties of materials and their potential applications.
A new imaging paradigm using broadband electric force microscopy has been developed to non-destructively image and localize dopant structures in silicon chips. The technique provides a wealth of previously inaccessible detail about the electrical environment around these structures.
The University of Pittsburgh's CANELa lab is advancing nanoparticle research by modeling metal nanoclusters with exact structures, allowing for accurate theory and investigation of their properties. This breakthrough enables the creation of active sites for catalysis, a key focus of the lab.
A collaboration between Cornell and Northwestern universities has exposed tiny chemical flaws in human enamel using atomic imaging techniques. The findings suggest that irregularities in the enamel's structure may play a role in reinforcing it, making it more resilient to decay.
A Japanese research group led by Professor Shiki Yagai has successfully created polycatenanes, self-assembled molecule rings that can be observed under a microscope. By using atomic force microscopy, they confirmed the structure of poly[22]catenane made up of as many as 22 connected rings, reaching up to 500 nm in length.
Researchers at Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg have successfully determined the structure of ferritin using an affordable electron cryo-microscope, achieving resolutions comparable to expensive equipment. This method enables collaboration on structural analysis of samples with medical and biotechnological potential.
Researchers have successfully produced porous, nitrogen-containing graphene ribbons exhibiting semiconducting properties, which is essential for their potential applications in electronics. These new materials could display extraordinary magnetic properties, making them suitable for quantum computing applications.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed a method to implant atoms precisely into ultra-thin crystals, yielding Janus structures with different chemical compositions. This technique may improve the abilities of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) to separate charge and catalyze chemical reactions.
Researchers from Brown and Tsinghua Universities have created a bizarre cage-like structure by clustering boron atoms with lanthanide elements, challenging conventional chemistry rules. The discovery may shed light on bulk structure and chemical bonding behavior of boron lanthanides, an important class of materials.
Researchers at CIC biomaGUNE have developed a mechanism to deposit gold atoms onto gold nanorods in a helicoidal structure, producing
Researchers from the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences successfully create tensile and inhomogeneous quantum rings in a controlled manner. The work involves trapping ultracold atoms in optical lattices and modifying interaction between atoms to mimic superconductors.
Researchers reveal noncyclic 3D structure of water clusters begin to exist with pentamers at low finite temperatures. A new method using infrared spectroscopy and quantum chemical studies confirms the formation of a noncyclic 3D structure beginning with pentamers.
Researchers developed machine learning methods to predict nanoparticles' structures and atomic dynamics, significantly faster than traditional simulation methods. The new methods facilitated efficient explorations of particle-particle reactions and particles' functionality in their environment.
Scientists at Peking University found that the contact characteristics of 1T'/2H-MoTe2 phase boundary depend on the tilt angles between metallic and semiconducting phases. The researchers discovered that a 0° tilted phase boundary has stronger atomic bonds and better contact performance.
A Texas A&M University research project, led by Dr. Justin Wilkerson, aims to identify the damaging effects of vacancies in aluminum's atomic structure on ballistic performance. The study uses supercomputing facilities to calculate changes due to vacancies over time and may lead to improved armor materials for the US Army.
Researchers from Skoltech and MIPT discovered the stable crystal structure of molybdenum pentaboride MoB5, with four to five boron atoms per molybdenum atom, resisting compression and deformations. The predicted hardness is close to that of superhard materials.
A team of scientists has developed a new 2D catalyst that can improve the efficiency of water purification using hydrogen peroxide. The catalyst, composed of two co-catalysts on one nanosheet, was designed to increase the efficiency of the process without additional chemical treatment.
Researchers created a universal model of nanobubbles to study the behavior of trapped substances. The model predicts bubble shape under thermodynamic conditions and describes molecular structure.
Researchers have developed a new type of oxygen reduction catalyst using nitrogen-doped porous carbon supported Fe single atom catalysts. These catalysts outperform commercial platinum-based catalysts in terms of ORR activities, stability, and methanol resistance.
Researchers have found a unique connection between magnetic properties and atomic dynamics in troilite, which could enable new technologies such as spintronic computing. The material's transition into a magnet controls instabilities in its crystalline structure, causing it to change from a conductor to an insulator.
Researchers at Peking University and Chinese Academy of Sciences discover atomic mechanism of spin-valve magnetoresistance at asymmetry SrRuO3 grain boundary. The study reveals a new strategy to create 2D magnetic order in grain boundaries, which can dominate response in nanoscale devices.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science devise a new method to synthesize complex acyl fluorides from widely available acyl fluorides through a reversible reaction involving palladium. The technique uses an 'acyl-exchange reaction' to produce adequate amounts of complex acyl fluorides with high efficiency.
Researchers observe the atomic growth way of Pt3Ni-Ni(OH)2 core-shell structure at gas-liquid interface using in-situ liquid cell TEM. Experiment results reveal underlying growth and transformation mechanisms, shedding light on rational design of metal-2D core-shell structures.
Researchers have developed a new methodology to resolve the 3D structure of individual nanoparticles with atomic-level resolution, six times smaller than the smallest atom. This breakthrough enables scientists to control nanoparticle properties and behavior in various environments.
Researchers at Chiba University created a new type of helicoidal supramolecular polymer that changes its chemical structure in response to temperature. The polymer was formed by mixing two different monomers and exhibits a unique thermal response, collapsing rapidly at 45-50°C.
Scientists tracked lithium ion movement in LTO nanoparticles, discovering 'intermediates' that enable rapid transport. Real-time tracking revealed distorted atomic arrangements providing an 'express lane' for lithium ions.
Researchers at the University of the Basque Country have developed technology to determine the structure of sugars present in DNA with atomic-level resolution. The study reveals the importance of five-membered ring forms in biological contexts.
An international team of scientists has made a breakthrough discovery using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, revealing one-dimensional defects in two-dimensional zeolite nanosheets that improve filtration properties. The findings suggest enhanced separation and catalysis capabilities for molecules based on size and shape.
Scientists at the University of Bristol discovered that carbon chains can form helical shapes dependent on their length, with even-numbered chains adopting fusilli-like structures and odd-numbered chains forming floppy spaghetti-like shapes. The researchers controlled the shape by inserting methyl substituents along the chain.
Researchers from Tokyo Tech and ERATO Japan Science and Technology have synthesized clusters of gallium in solution, demonstrating the effects of changing atom numbers on cluster properties. The study shows that structural changes can be induced in superatoms, enabling the design and preparation of new building blocks.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology design and test a catalyst composed of single platinum atoms trapped in C12A7 crystals, demonstrating high stability and activity for selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes. The approach could be adapted to various transition metals and withstand harsher conditions.
Scientists have created custom light using 2D materials by combining different transition metal dichalcogenides to form artificial semi-conductors emitting specific colors. This discovery opens up new strategies for manipulating light with precise energy and color, paving the way for mass industrialization of tailor-made lighting.
Researchers have discovered that atomic quantum fluctuations stabilize the record-breaking superconductor LaH10, enabling superconductivity at much lower pressures than previously expected. The study reveals a highly symmetric structure with a single minimum energy landscape, contrary to classical predictions, which could lead to high-...
Researchers have finally determined the atomic structure of the histone mRNA three-prime end-processing machine, a complex assembly of molecules that plays a fundamental role in proper cell activity and DNA duplication. This breakthrough provides valuable insights into how this machine is activated and regulates gene expression.
Chemists at the University of Jyväskylä Finland and University of California succeeded in determining the atomic precise structure of a chain of gold nanoclusters. The study reveals the disulfide-bridging bond between the bound nanoclusters, advancing our understanding of the optical and electronic response of these systems.
The study reveals that ligand distribution and angles influence the formation of 1D-CS, affecting electronic structure and conductivity. The findings provide guidelines for creating 1D-CS with desired connecting structures.
Researchers have identified a unique archaeal protein complex with a five-column tholos-like architecture, featuring a spacious center that can accommodate biomolecules. This discovery provides insight into the molecular evolution between archaeal and eukaryotic proteins.
Research from the University of Göttingen reveals that graphene's electrical resistance varies considerably depending on its proximity to the underlying crystal. At low temperatures, variations in local resistance were found to be up to 270 percent.
An international team of scientists developed an optic system to visualize protein crystals in X-rays and determine their position. This improvement significantly reduces analysis time and preserves the integrity of biological molecules.
Scientists have created a new class of 'superdiamond' carbon-based materials that can trap and tap into different properties, including metallicity and superconductivity. The material's properties can be tuned by changing the types of guest atoms within its cages.
Researchers have discovered that freestanding gold clusters of twenty atoms take on a pyramidal shape with a triangular ground plane and additional triangles. The study reveals the cluster's unusual electronic structure, which is similar to noble gas atoms or aromatic molecules, making them less reactive.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab successfully image the atomic structure of peptoid nanosheets using cryo-EM, a breakthrough that could advance applications such as synthetic antibodies and self-repairing membranes. The study demonstrates unprecedented atomic precision and paves the way for designing soft materials at the atomic scale.
A team of researchers at the University of Arizona has uncovered a previously unknown cellular structure that enables bacteria to rapidly defend against viruses. This newly formed filament increases DNA-cleaving ability by 200 times, making it an essential component of bacterial immune responses.
The study demonstrates simultaneous control over transport and spin properties of cold atoms, enabling the exploration of spintronics and solid-state physics. The efficiency of the atomic spin filter matches that of equivalent electronic systems, opening up new perspectives for studying quantum transport dynamics.
Researchers at EPFL have found unexpected constraints on the achievable sensitivity of measurements, even with backaction-evading techniques. Tiny deviations in optical and mechanical frequencies can cause mechanical oscillations to amplify out of control, affecting quantum sensors and applications.
A team of researchers has confirmed that distinctive geometric shapes and irregular amorphous structures can be identified mathematically in atomic clusters. The new method provides insights into the structural properties and potential forces between atoms, enabling more effective engineering of nanoparticles for specific applications.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have developed an efficient method for synthesizing bilobalide, a plant compound with potent effects on insects but no toxicity to humans. The new synthesis allows easy access to related compounds for potential use as medicines and insecticides.
Researchers develop new synthesis method to create molecules with partial structures of fullerenes, graphene, and carbon nanotubes. They successfully synthesize catenanes and knots, which are expected to be used in molecular machines and have specific properties derived from the topology.
Researchers at University of Michigan discovered a new way to calculate interaction between metals and alloying materials, enabling faster search for materials with high hardness and resistance to cracking. This breakthrough could accelerate development of better alloys for turbine engines and nuclear reactors.
Researchers observed how football molecules made of carbon atoms burst in X-ray laser beam. The study reveals the temporal course of bursting process and contributes to a more detailed protein analysis with X-ray free-electron lasers.
A research team at Tokyo Institute of Technology successfully synthesized atomically flat oxidized borophene sheets through a simple solution-based method. The resulting material exhibits anisotropic conducting behavior, with different conductivity types depending on current flow direction.
Scientists developed a machine-learning method to analyze protein structures and predict pathogenic mutations. This approach helps identify disease-associated amino acid substitutions in membrane proteins, which account for 25-30% of all cellular proteins.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a new synthesis method for producing high-performance n-type semiconducting polymers using the DArP method. The resulting polymers, P1 and P2, exhibit significant improvements in electron mobility and stability compared to existing materials.
Researchers have successfully created molecular nanocages with unprecedented properties using gold atoms as a binding agent. The gold-bonded cages exhibit chemical and thermal stability while being sensitive to acidity, making them ideal for biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery.
A team of UC Santa Barbara researchers have discovered a new phase in block copolymers, expanding the range of possible options for material design. The newly found phase, known as A15, belongs to a class of tetrahedrally close-packed structures and has been observed in both metal and polymer materials.
Researchers at Kyushu University developed computer simulations using realistic atomic-scale models to understand reaction pathways in solid-oxide fuel cells. The study found that reactions are more likely to occur in layers with smaller pore sizes, but also identified a new degradation pathway that could impact performance.