Articles tagged with Atomic Structure
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers chemically treat zinc oxide nanowires to apply a uniform coating of titanium dioxide, enhancing catalytic activity and stability for the water-splitting reaction. The resulting nanowire-shell structures exhibit an amorphous structure with crystalline domains limited to a few nanometers.
A mechanism for bicyclic silicon tricarbide formation has been identified in the circumstellar envelopes of carbon stars. Electronically excited silicon atoms react with allene and methylacetylene to form SiC3H2, which is then converted into c-SiC3 via stellar wind and UV light
Scientists at Nagoya University have created materials with negative thermal expansion, which can compensate for the expansion of components during heating and cooling cycles. This reduces stresses and increases component lifetime, making them ideal for use in electronics.
Researchers replace carbon atoms with nitrogen to enhance supercapacitor's electrochemical performance, achieving a six-fold increase in capacity and excellent cycling stability. The novel method has promising prospects for creating next-generation power sources.
Researchers fabricated nanoscale artificial materials by manipulating atoms one after the other, discovering heavy electrons that exhibit unique electronic and magnetic properties. This breakthrough paves the way for designing novel materials with customized electronic behavior and exploring critical quantum processes.
Researchers have created a sensor that can measure and image magnetic structures at the atomic scale, enabling new directions in atomic-scale research. The sensor uses a single molecule magnet as a scanning magnetometer to detect spin-spin interactions between molecules.
A research group has shown that machine learning models are valuable when they succeed in predicting properties accurately, as well as when they fail. Analyzing exceptions to these models reveals new insights into the underlying physics of compounds, leading to discoveries of unusual structures and novel structural units.
Scientists from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and Rice University have discovered that the chemical nature of surface molecules affects plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles. This finding could lead to new methods for harnessing light-driven processes like photocatalysis.
Researchers created SCOTfluors, a class of small fluorophores that can be attached to common metabolites and emit light in the visible to near-infrared range. This allows for the observation of metabolite trafficking in living cells without destroying them.
Researchers have developed an energy renormalization algorithm to predict glass' mechanical behavior at varying temperatures. This approach enables the design of dynamic materials with optimal properties, scaling molecular simulations up by roughly a thousand times.
Scientists at Rice and Northwestern universities have developed a method to image and characterize 2D borophene crystals, which can exhibit unique lattice configurations that determine their characteristics. The research could help manufacturers incorporate borophene into products with desirable electronic, thermal, optical properties.
Researchers have found that extreme pressure and temperature conditions can create a state in which atoms form both solid and liquid structures. This new state, known as the chain-melted state, has been discovered in several elements, including potassium, sodium, and bismuth.
Scientists have successfully synthesized a 32-gold atom nanocluster with a core of 12 atoms surrounded by a shell of 20 atoms, demonstrating unusual stability. The cluster's geometry and electronic structure rely heavily on interactions with ligands, particularly amido and phosphine groups.
Researchers at Temple University discovered how protons spin, a fundamental property that affects the behavior of particles like magnets. Understanding this phenomenon can help scientists better comprehend the nuclear structure of atoms.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory create a new technique called ultrafast surface X-ray scattering to study the motion of atoms in single atomic crystals. The method reveals counterintuitive effects on atomic behavior, shedding light on the properties of two-dimensional materials.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters identified the atomic structure of the catalytically active copper-ceria interface, proposing a copper bilayer model. The copper-ceria interface was found to be responsible for efficient hydrogen production through low-temperature water-gas shift reactions and CO/CO2 hydrogenation.
A team of researchers from FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg has successfully synthesized large, stable pieces of zigzag-shaped graphene using a novel method. The process delivers high yields and is suitable for large-scale production, paving the way for further investigation into the material's electronic properties.
This article describes the preparation, characterization, and in vitro biological activity of Soyasapogenol B, a triterpene derived from soya beans. The compound demonstrates hypo-cholesterolemic effects and is loaded onto MWCNTs using miniemulsion technique with niosomes for drug delivery systems.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have identified the structure of iridium single-atom catalysts, leading to a 25-fold increase in efficiency compared to traditional catalysts. The study's findings pave the way for designing more cost-efficient and effective catalysts.
Researchers have explored graphene family of materials for their potential use in targeted drug delivery and cellular imaging. These nano-biomaterials exhibit excellent physicochemical properties, making them suitable for various biomedical applications.
Researchers at UNSW's CQC2T have shown that they can build atomic precision qubits in a 3D device, achieving critical components of the 3D chip architecture. They demonstrated the feasibility of an architecture using atomic-scale qubits aligned to control lines inside a 3D design.
Researchers at Penn State used modeling methods to predict properties of ZIF glasses, combining transparency and metallic glass nonbrittle quality, with potential applications in gas storage and energy, promising breakthroughs in transparent and bendable glass
University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers develop a material that can transition from an insulator to a conductor without changing its atomic structure, enabling faster switching speeds in advanced devices. The breakthrough uses a dual-layer sandwich structure to stabilize the material's unique properties.
Researchers at Duke University and UC San Diego have discovered a new class of carbides that are harder and lighter than current materials, with high melting points. The five-metal carbides, which rely on disorder for stability, may find use in industries such as machinery, hardware, and aerospace.
Scientists at TU Graz analyzed nano-precipitates to understand aluminium alloy properties, discovering anomalies and self-organisation phenomena. Quantum mechanics and Monte Carlo methods revealed the formation of atomically narrow channels for scandium and zircon diffusion.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley create high-resolution images of individual atoms in synthetic polymers, revealing 35 arrangements of crystal structures. The discovery could inform polymer fabrication methods and lead to new designs for materials and devices.
Researchers have created phthalocyanines with a ring structure resembling that of hemoglobin or chlorophyll, which can be switched into different states with green light, affecting their chemical behavior. This discovery opens up new avenues for biomimetics and the development of novel molecules optimized for nature-specific applications.
A new method for measuring crystal response to electric fields was developed by an international scientific team from Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University. The technique helps improve existing and create new functional materials.
Researchers have made a major scientific breakthrough by detecting nuclear magnetism in single atoms on surfaces for the first time. The discovery uses advanced techniques to measure the nuclear spin of individual atoms, enabling identification of different isotopes atom by atom.
Researchers at the University of Alberta and Quantum Silicon Inc. have developed an atomic ultra-efficient electronics technology, enabling bespoke atomic patterns to control electrons. This innovation simulates neural networks, potentially training AI models more rapidly and accurately.
Blue phosphorus has been successfully mapped and measured by a team from HZB around Evangelos Golias, revealing a unique honeycomb structure and large semiconducting band gap of seven times larger than black phosphorus. The material's properties are influenced by the substrate, making it an essential parameter for optoelectronic applic...
Researchers find that widely-used correction methods are based on a faulty assumption, potentially leading to inaccurate predictions. The team proposes new universal method for prediction that works for the right reasons.
Researchers studied copper-based superionic crystal CuCrSe2, revealing copper ions flow like liquids above a certain temperature. This discovery could lead to the development of more efficient and safer rechargeable batteries by replacing liquid electrolytes with solid superionic materials.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a unique aspect of the enzyme carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, which converts carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide. The C-cluster's structure can change its configuration in response to oxygen exposure, providing a safety net for the metal atoms.
Researchers propose using transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) to build faster computers that can process information in femtoseconds, a million times faster than current electronics. TMDCs have the potential to increase computer memory speed by a millionfold due to their unique hexagonal lattice structure and optical properties.
The study revealed the atomic-level structure of TRPM2, a protein involved in regulating body temperature and mediating immune responses. The findings provide valuable details that could inform the design of therapeutic drugs to treat temperature-related diseases and prevent neuronal death.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory induced a 2D material to cannibalize itself, forming new nanostructures. The discovery provides insights into designing 2D materials for fast-charging energy storage and electronic devices.
Researchers developed a new analytical method using sparse modeling to analyze atomic structure and structural fluctuation in materials. This method can determine radial structure and estimate Debye-Waller factor from measured data, indicating potential improvements in battery and electronic device performance.
Researchers discovered that only small clusters of four silver atoms in a tetrahedral shape surrounded by water molecules emit light. This is due to the movement of two free electrons, which decay from higher to lower energy levels and produce a specific shade of green light.
Researchers have found that boron-based nanoclusters exhibit highly stable and symmetric structures with interesting magnetic properties, making them potential molecular magnets or assembled into magnetic nanowires. The study also sheds light on the structure and chemical bonding of bulk boron lanthanides.
Scientists at the University of Vienna have successfully manipulated individual silicon impurity atoms in graphene with atomic precision, recording nearly 300 controlled jumps. This achievement enables potential high-density data storage and demonstrates the control of single atoms in two-dimensional materials.
Researchers have determined the atomic structure of the Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) bound to DNA, revealing its role in selecting replication origins. The study reveals that ORC selects DNA sites based on their unique structure rather than specific base sequences.
Researchers found a circle-type structure within Bitcoin transactions, revealing hidden communities of interconnected owners. A small fraction of users holds the majority of the network's wealth.
Researchers used molecular dynamics to study the role of nitrogen in GaN defects. They found that nitrogen configurations exhibited significantly more states in the bandgap, potentially contributing to dislocation-related effects. This discovery could lead to optimizing GaN material for improved device performance
New research reveals granite crystallizes at 500 degrees Celsius, nearly 200 degrees lower than the prevailing accepted crystallization temperature. This finding impacts our understanding of molten rock at depth in the Earth's crust, influencing predictions for economically important ore deposits and active magmatic centers.
Scientists at Kanazawa University have identified six new compounds in the glossy red-fruited laurel shrub, featuring a unique nine-membered carbon cycle and lactone groups. The discovery opens up new avenues for research into the plant's potential biological activity.
Researchers have solved the atomic structure of a brain receptor bound to GABA, a neurotransmitter that regulates calming signals in the brain. The high-resolution structures provide insights into how drugs like benzodiazepines act on the receptor, paving the way for better treatments for epilepsy and anxiety.
Researchers have created the highest-resolution image yet of the Zika virus, providing a detailed atomic model that enables efficient vaccine and antiviral compound design. The discovery was made possible by the stability of the Zika virus compared to its flavivirus cousins.
Researchers have developed a new transmission electron microscopy technique that can determine the 3D position of individual atoms with atomic resolution. The technique uses image intensity measurements to reconstruct the atomic potentials, allowing for more quantitative reconstruction of weakly scattering samples.
Researchers have demonstrated the unique potential of carbon nitrides as hosts for isolated metal atoms, including palladium, in various crystalline forms. The study found that varying the lattice structure significantly impacts the strength of the metal-host interaction, leading to improved catalytic activity and selectivity.
Researchers at UCSD designed a two-dimensional protein crystal that can toggle between states of varying porosity and density. The material's structural dynamics were simulated using all-atom molecular dynamics, revealing new insights into the emergence of complex properties in biomolecules. Control over the opening and closing of pore...
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory used computer modeling and novel molecule design techniques to study the detonation process of explosives. By replacing parts of a common explosive molecule, they were able to change its sensitivity properties.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf developed a method to create and erase magnetic areas in an alloy using lasers, transforming its magnetic behavior. The process involves heating the alloy with ultra-short laser pulses, allowing it to form a magnet.
Researchers have reconstructed the 3.1 Å structure of the HSV-2 B-capsid, expanding our understanding of its assembly mechanism. The study revealed four major conformers of the VP5 protein, which form extensive intermolecular networks and stabilize the capsid.
Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to subject small gold particles to extreme temperatures, revealing their remarkable resilience and ability to change shape. The findings have significant implications for nanotechnology applications in catalysis and aerospace.
A novel test bed for non-equilibrium many-body physics has been created using a one-dimensional quantum wire containing a mesoscopic lattice. Researchers were able to control the interactions between electrons and observe the emergence of a band-insulating phase with weak interactions.
Researchers propose a new approach to estimate degree of similarity between coordination polyhedra and reference polyhedra. The method is tested on over 400 crystalline structures and demonstrates its consistency with structural crystal chemistry theorems.
The study reveals a clear correlation between structural order and dynamics in supercooled liquids, indicating that glass formation is thermodynamic. The researchers found that the link between slow alpha and fast beta modes has a common structural origin, resolving two issues at once.
The Protein Society has awarded three researchers with prestigious prizes: Jane and Dave Richardson, Yifan Cheng, and Susan Marqusee. The winners have made groundbreaking contributions in protein structure determination, cryo-EM, and protein folding. Their work has significantly advanced our understanding of biology.
The discovery provides insight into the construction and function of the NPC, which spans the double membrane of the nuclear envelope and regulates development and cell growth. The researchers' novel Integrative Modeling approach accurately placed 552 NPC proteins within the channel.