Articles tagged with Electric Current
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Kansas have discovered a new way to recognize currents of spinning electrons within a semiconductor, paving the way for superior computers and electronics. The innovation uses powerful lasers to detect spin-current in real-time, overcoming a major hurdle in spintronics research.
Researchers at Juelich have developed a method to study the inner structure of molecules using a scanning tunneling microscope, revealing detailed information on atomic irregularities and charge distribution. The technique uses a small molecule with deuterium atoms to enhance sensitivity for organic molecules.
Physicists at Oregon State University have discovered a way to use gallium arsenide nanodevices as signal processors at 'terahertz' speeds, enabling faster optical communication and computing. This breakthrough could lead to applications in secure codes and communications, video and audio processing, and even quantum computing.
Researchers are developing methods to add color to e-reader displays, including simple filters and new electronic ink technologies. Color displays could enhance the user experience and open up new markets for educational materials.
Researchers at the University of Florida have discovered that grain boundaries in high-temperature ceramic superconductors impede electrical current. The study, published in Nature Physics, provides a theoretical model explaining why these barriers limit the potential of superconductors.
Researchers have unlocked how potassium channels control electric currents in the body, a crucial process in cell communication and heart function. The study reveals that molecular gates switch conduction on and off in response to physiological signals, clarifying a long-standing mystery.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a method for enhancing the efficiency of microbial electrochemical cells (MXCs) using specialized bacteria. By creating a mutual relationship between homo-acetogens and anode bacteria, they can improve electron flow and increase hydrogen production, reducing reliance on fossil fuels.
Researchers can now analyze smaller concentrations of gases with improved precision using PNNL's low-noise current controller technology. This device reduces noise in laser power sources, allowing scientists to detect smaller levels of trace gases and enabling more accurate atmospheric gas concentration measurements.
New images reveal electrons flowing primarily along crystal grain boundaries, providing clues to the origin of superconductivity in pnictides. The discovery may help physicists develop better high-temperature superconductors that could save energy and enable innovative applications.
A recent study found that age-related cortical bone loss is a significant contributor to osteoporosis, with 80% of fractures in old age occurring at cortical sites. Researchers propose targeting cortical bone loss as a potential strategy for reducing fracture risk and improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers have rewritten Kirchhoff's current law to accommodate the unique properties of the transistor laser, enabling better understanding of photons, electrons, and semiconductors. The modified law fits data from the device, predicting properties for integrated circuits and supercomputing applications.
Duke University engineer Chris Dwyer demonstrates that DNA can be used to create simple logic gates, or switches, using light to excite molecules. This technology has the potential to produce virtually unlimited supplies of these tiny circuits, paving the way for faster and more efficient computing.
The new superconducting cable can transport up to 110 MVA of electricity, a fivefold increase over conventional copper cables, reducing energy loss by 50-70% and saving significant amounts of CO2 emissions. The technology has the potential to reduce primary energy consumption by 10-15%.
A new Power Distribution Network Automation System (DINAS) has been developed to automatically locate and diagnose faults in distribution networks, restoring power supply instantly. The system uses advanced technology and algorithms to detect and isolate faults, reducing costs and response times for power companies.
Researchers at UCLA have created a new material combining quantum dots and silicon, enabling electronic devices to operate without passing an electric current. This breakthrough could lead to the development of non-volatile electronics with much lower power consumption.
A study by Henry Ford Hospital researchers found Mechanomyography (MMG) to be extremely effective in detecting the presence of nerves during minimally invasive surgical procedures. MMG detected nerves on average 1.2 seconds earlier than Electromyography (EMG), using approximately half the amount of stimulating current.
Researchers at UCLA have created a new graphene nanostructure called graphene nanomesh (GNM), which can open up a band gap in graphene and create a highly uniform, continuous semiconducting thin film. This breakthrough has the potential to enable practical application of graphene as a semiconductor material for future electronics.
Material scientists at Penn have demonstrated a way to convert optical radiation into electrical current using a molecular circuit. The system uses gold nanoparticles to induce and project electrical current, potentially powering devices with sunlight.
China has made significant strides in scientific research, surpassing other nations in chemistry patent applications and publications. The country published 67,000 patent applications in 2009, more than any other nation, and saw a quadrupling of scientific papers with Chinese authors.
The Institute of Medicine recommends stricter resident duty hour regulations to reduce fatigue-related errors and ensure patient safety. The new guidelines focus on regular sleep opportunities for residents, rather than reducing maximum weekly work hours.
A study by the Center for Studying Health System Change reveals a gap between policy makers' expectations of commercial EMRs to improve care coordination and clinicians' real-world experiences. Current EMRs facilitate care coordination within practices but struggle with exchanging information across physician practices and settings.
Researchers found that chloride channels amplify signal transduction in mouse vomeronasal sensory neurons, increasing responsiveness to pheromones and odorants. The study used patch clamp recordings and whole cell recordings to demonstrate the critical role of chloride in this process.
Researchers from Yale University and Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology created the first transistor made from a single molecule by manipulating the energy states of a benzene molecule through gold contacts. They successfully controlled the current passing through the molecule using voltage manipulation.
The project aims to manufacture a transformer boosting power grid reliability, reducing energy losses by one-third and eliminating CO2 emissions. The superconducting wire will have a unique property allowing electricity to flow without resistance while limiting current flow in sudden spikes.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its first annual CPOW travel award to increase women's participation in biophysics. The recipients will receive a travel grant and be recognized at the meeting.
A team of European researchers has achieved the first experiment to study the electrical behavior of only two C60 molecules touching each other. The investigation revealed that the conductance between the two molecules is significantly lower than expected, with a controlable leakage current between neighboring circuits.
Clemson University is part of a five-year, $3 million Air Force Office of Scientific Research award to explore carbon nanotube-based superconductors. The team aims to develop composite wires that can replace inefficient copper wiring in power lines.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have discovered a new use for a chemical compound that can be transformed into a thin film insulator, blocking electricity flow but inducing large electric currents. The material, called solution-deposited beta-alumina, has important applications in transistor technology and e-book readers.
A tiny injector has been developed to speed up drug development by increasing the precision of protein and DNA injection into cells. This device achieves an 80% success rate in injecting Zebrafish embryos, enabling rapid preclinical trials and genetic engineering.
Increasing power in RFP fusion device leads to self-organized helical plasma with improved trapping and hotter temperatures. The helical state is spontaneously chosen by the plasma, improving magnetic confinement and renewing fusion prospects.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that adding silver nanoparticles to plastic boosts electrical current generation in polymer semiconductors, increasing efficiency. The new fabrication technique allows for a wider range of wavelength absorption, promising advancements toward commercially viable solar cells.
Boosting a specific brain wave has been shown to slow down movement in humans. The study used an oscillating electrical current to increase normal beta activity, resulting in faster times and slower movements. This finding could have implications for treating conditions with uncontrolled or slowed movements.
The study of 33Mg's ground state properties reveals a prolate deformed nucleus with well-reproduced energy and magnetic moment. The time-odd relativistic mean field approach successfully explains the experimental data without introducing parameters.
A study by Harvard University researchers estimates that China's electricity demands projected for 2030 can be met by wind power. The switch from coal to greener energy would reduce carbon emissions, but requires an investment of around $900 billion dollars.
A new £6 million research programme aims to develop nanoplasmonic devices that can process information using light signals, potentially leading to faster data processing speeds. The project, funded by the EPSRC, is being conducted at Queen's University Belfast and Imperial College London.
Researchers confirm the existence of a 'phase-incoherent' superconductor at higher temperatures, providing insight into the conditions necessary for superconductivity to occur. The study's findings may help scientists develop practical devices such as zero-loss power transmission lines.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School used two-photon microscopy to track calcium levels in neurons during electrical stimulation, revealing a scattered and widely distributed set of neurons switch on. The findings contradict a long-standing hypothesis and suggest that axons are being stimulated rather than cell bodies.
Clemson University professor Rhett Smith receives $598,000 to study novel materials that can conduct electricity in thin, flexible plastic devices. The goal is to develop ultrathin displays and efficient thin-film solar cells.
Researchers have developed organic solar cells that can be produced easily and inexpensively as thin films, with the potential to generate electricity from sunlight. By understanding the structure of tiny bubbles and channels inside plastic solar cells, scientists hope to increase efficiency and make them more cost-effective.
A survey of surgical residents found that nearly half consider duty hour regulations a significant barrier to their education. Senior residents are more likely to desire longer work hours than restrictions allow.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a light-emitting transistor that sets a new record for signal-processing modulation speed, reaching 4.3 GHz. By reconfiguring the device as a tilted-charge light-emitting diode, researchers were able to break the 7 GHz barrier.
A new study led by Thomas Jefferson University researchers suggests that a minimum of three demyelinating features can be used to positively identify Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP). This finding may help doctors diagnose CIDP more effectively and treat patients earlier, potentially preventing further disability.
Engineers from Penn and Sandia National Laboratories demonstrate the formation of interconnected carbon nanostructures on graphene substrate using a simple assembly process. The discovery may lead to new approach of graphene-based electronic devices.
Scientists have discovered new ways to measure thundercloud electrostatic fields, study the link between tropical cyclones and global warming, and understand the adhesive properties of lunar dust. Researchers also explored the role of clouds in global electricity and found significant water storage and runoff patterns in the Amazon basin.
A team of researchers at the University of Illinois has demonstrated macroscopic quantum tunneling in ultrathin superconducting nanowires. They observed a process called quantum phase slip, where packs of electrons tunnel together from higher to lower current states. This finding provides evidence that quantum mechanics governs large s...
A team of Penn State engineers discovered that microbes can directly convert carbon dioxide and water to methane using electricity, producing a self-sustaining process. This breakthrough could lead to a portable energy source with a low carbon footprint if powered by renewable energy.
Researchers at the University of Miami and Japan have proven the existence of a 'spin battery', a device that stores energy in magnets, potentially leading to faster, less expensive, and more efficient computer hard drives and car batteries. The technology uses nano-magnets to induce an electromotive force without chemical reactions.
Researchers found a reversible diode made from the material, allowing current flow in one direction under certain conditions and in the opposite direction under different conditions. The material also generates current when light falls on it, making it a potential candidate for future solar cells.
Carbon nanotube researchers at University of Illinois demonstrate remarkable increase in current-carrying capacity using avalanche process. The process creates multiple electron-hole pairs, leading to rapid increases in current until the nanotube breaks down.
Researchers created a plasma transistor to control plasma conduction current and light emission with an emitter voltage of 5 volts or less, enabling lighter, less expensive, and higher resolution flat-panel displays. The device uses a microcavity plasma containing electrically charged gas, which radiates light depending on the gas inside.
A team from the University of Iowa launched two NASA rockets that flew through an auroral curtain, collecting data on the structural subtleties of the aurora. The ACES mission will provide insight into current models of aurora structure and help refine them.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a new type of LED with improved lighting performance and energy efficiency. The new polarization-matched LED exhibits an 18% increase in light output and a 22% increase in wall-plug efficiency.
Researchers studying a 'striped' material find that it is indeed a superconductor, but only in two dimensions. The material exhibits stronger electron pairing, a necessary condition for superconductivity, at a higher temperature than other compositions.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a graphene-based memory device that can store large amounts of data in a two-dimensional array. This technology increases storage capacity by a factor of five and consumes virtually no power.
The document provides a comprehensive assessment of care by establishing new performance measures, including the importance of acute reperfusion therapy and the need for accountability in providing timely treatment. It also addresses concerns about exclusion criteria and the determination of when measurement stops.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory use a new imaging method to confirm that electron pairs emerge above the transition temperature before superconductivity sets in. The findings rule out certain explanations for high-Tc superconductivity and lend support to other competing theories.
A team of scientists has developed a hybrid memory system that stores quantum information in the nucleus of an atom, solving a key problem for quantum computing. This breakthrough enables faster processing speeds from electrons and longer memory times from nuclei.
Researchers propose an experimental electrical heating process to extract oil from smaller deposits, reducing the need for costly steam-assisted drainage methods. This new approach could lead to lower fuels prices and increased oil production.
High-temperature superconductors face a quantum 'traffic jam' that overwhelms the interactions needed for them to act as superconductors. The research offers an explanation, pointing towards new materials with stronger electron pairing but less 'traffic-jam' effect.
Physicist John R. Clem developed a theory that reduces AC losses in bifilar fault-current limiters, enabling more efficient and cost-effective power grid protection. The research supports the development of commercial products by Siemens and American Superconductor.