Articles tagged with Electric Current
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The team's breakthrough design features a Goretex-coated air-electrode that is more economical, easily sourced, and outlasts traditional platinum cells. Testing has shown no degradation or performance loss over 1500 hours of continuous use.
Researchers developed ultraviolet avalanche photodiodes to detect anthrax and other bioterrorism agents in the air. The devices offer high gain, reliability, and robustness, making them ideal for rapid containment of incidents like the 2001 anthrax attacks.
The Phoenix Processor achieves a groundbreaking low-power design by focusing on its extreme sleep mode, which consumes just 30 picowatts. This innovation enables smaller battery sizes and overall system reductions, opening up new sensor applications.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a gene, Pirt, that regulates a heat-activated molecular sensor, leading to variable pain sensitivity. The study found that mice lacking Pirt responded slower to heat and were less sensitive to capsaicin, suggesting Pirt's specific role in pain perception.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory, led by Valerii Vinokur and Tatyana Baturina, have created a new type of insulator called a superinsulator. By cooling the material to near absolute zero, they observed a sudden increase in resistance, opening up new possibilities for microelectronics and energy-efficient devices.
Researchers at NIST tested two variations of fingerprint matching technology for PIV cards and found that one method, 'match-on-card', offers improved security without sacrificing speed. The technology uses the card's processor chip to verify fingerprints, eliminating the need to transmit biometric data wirelessly.
Researchers have modeled flameless combustion in a gas turbine engine, finding reduced NOx emissions with almost uniform heat release. This process could lead to more efficient power generation and lower polluting emissions.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a ceramic membrane that allows fuel cells to operate at low humidity and higher temperatures, potentially improving efficiency. This new membrane could address current limitations in fuel cell technology and attract investment for its commercialization.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed a sensor capable of detecting trace amounts of hydrogen peroxide in homemade explosives. The penny-sized electronic sensor is comparable to current instruments but cheaper and more portable.
Researchers have revealed the electronic structure of single DNA molecules, shedding light on their electronic properties and potential use in nanotechnology. The discovery has significant implications for understanding DNA damage and repair mechanisms, as well as the development of new DNA decoding technologies.
A recent study by Vanderbilt University reveals that shrews, despite their small size, employ highly developed hunting strategies. The researchers discovered that these tiny mammals can detect water movements, identify prey shapes using their whiskers, and utilize their sense of smell underwater.
Researchers created tiny carbon-based pipettes that can probe cells with minimal intrusion and inject fluids without damaging cell growth. These nanoscale devices have potential applications in nanosurgery and the development of new drugs and therapeutics.
The MIT gas sensor is a tiny energy-efficient device that can detect minute quantities of hazardous gases in 4 seconds. It uses gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques on a miniature scale, reducing the size and power consumption compared to current devices.
Scientists at NRL generate and detect a pure spin current in silicon, allowing control over the spin orientation. This enables the development of devices that rely on electron spin rather than charge, promising higher performance with reduced power consumption.
Researchers at Brown University have made a groundbreaking discovery, finding Cooper pairs in both superconductors and insulators. The team's findings suggest that Cooper pairs behave differently in each material, with some forming solo pairs in insulators that cannot make continuous electric current.
Researchers at the National Physical Laboratory are working towards a redefinition of the kilogram, which could shift from a physical object to a fundamental physical constant. The goal is to improve accuracy and consistency in measurements, but current results show a significant discrepancy with previous data.
The University of Pennsylvania has developed a method for parallel fabrication of multiple nanogap electrodes, enabling the creation of mass-produced nanoscale electronics. The self-balancing single-step technique uses feedback controlled electromigration to simultaneously form and adjust nanogaps with atomic-scale uniformity.
The MIT team has successfully built a mechanical fin that can propel a submarine like a bluegill sunfish. The fin uses a propeller-driven system and is made of a cutting-edge polymer that conducts electricity.
A recent study shows multiple-electrode radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective way to treat large liver tumors, with 34 of 38 tumors treated in just one session. The new procedure reduces treatment time by approximately 54% compared to single-electrode systems.
Researchers at National Physical Laboratory have developed an electron surf machine that delivers electrons one by one in a reliable steady stream at a rate of over a billion per second. This technology has the potential to increase computer efficiency, allowing for faster processing and more secure digital communication.
A UK-based research project aims to create mass-market organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) that could revolutionize lighting and display technology. The devices, made from thin, flexible plastic, could be integrated into clothing, packaging, and other materials to display electronic information.
The Cluster constellation provides new insights into 'space tsunamis' disrupting aurora displays. Substorms, three-dimensional physical phenomena, affect GPS signals and are studied using data from multiple satellites.
Researchers have developed unique three-dimensional solar cells that capture nearly all of the light that strikes them, increasing efficiency and reducing size, weight and mechanical complexity. The new cells could also enable improvements in photovoltaic coating materials and change the way solar cells are designed.
A new nanoscale apparatus developed at JILA measures the wiggling of a tiny gold beam using electrons, enabling faster scanning tunneling microscopes. The device offers a potential 500-fold increase in speed and can measure atomic vibrations in high definition.
A new study at Cornell University has imaged 'electronic gridlock' in certain copper oxides, revealing patterns of alternating high- and low-charge density. The research uses a scanning tunneling microscope to image electronic states, showing that holes are centered on oxygen atoms within the Cu-O-Cu bond.
The research team created field-effect transistors, diodes, sensors, and current-producing nanogenerators by bending zinc oxide nanowires and nanobelts. These devices take advantage of the relationship between mechanical and electronic coupled behavior in piezoelectric nanomaterials, enabling novel applications.
Researchers at NIST found a 40% reduction in critical current due to compressive strain, which can be accommodated in design but requires knowledge ahead of time for large-scale devices. The discovery provides new insights into the fundamental mechanism behind high-temperature superconductivity.
Scientists at Georgia Tech have found that the electrical conductance of metal nanowires varies due to a pair of atoms, known as a dimer, shuttling back and forth between the bulk electrical leads. This discovery has significant implications for the development of nanotechnology and nanodevices.
The Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) mission uses a constellation of 5 space probes to track the origin of magnetic storms and their impact on aurorae. The probes will observe over 30 substorms and coordinate with ground-based cameras to discover the time history of these events.
Researchers sponsored by ONR have made groundbreaking discoveries in graphene and carbon nanotubes, leading to novel electronic devices and sensors. Their work has the potential to revolutionize industries such as electronics and materials science.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a world-record fast transistor with an operating frequency of 845GHz, exceeding other groups by 300GHz. The device utilizes pseudomorphic material construction and vertical scaling to reduce electron travel distance, resulting in increased speed.
Researchers have developed a way to precisely control magnetic fields in thin magnetic films, enabling the storage of information in permanent memory. The new technology allows for faster and more efficient data storage, overcoming the limitations of current hard drive technology.
A simpler, cheaper method for cell fusion has been developed by Chang Lu at Purdue University, enabling researchers to fuse cells with greater control and precision. The new technology uses constant DC voltage and could lead to breakthroughs in stem cell research, disease antibody production, and cloning.
Physicist Lawrence Schein's research uses nano-coating technology to reduce toner adhesion, enabling simplified and cheaper color laser printers. Current models are more expensive and up to three times larger than black-and-white models.
Researchers developed carbon nanotube films that can stimulate nerve cells without damage, enabling potential use in pain management and muscle control. The technology bridges the gap between biology and electronics, offering new possibilities for biomedical devices.
Researchers at the Nevada Terawatt Facility have made a significant step forward in understanding fundamental processes required for controlled fusion energy. They developed a new technique to measure mass transport and magnetic field dynamics in low wire array z-pinches, which could lead to improved efficiency in energy transfer.
Scientists at Northwestern University have created a novel carbon nanotube-based nanoelectromechanical switch that exhibits bistability based on current tunneling. The device has the potential to revolutionize memory chips and electronic sensing devices.
Researchers at the University of Arizona developed a new type of transistor that uses quantum mechanics to regulate current flow in single molecules. This breakthrough could enable the creation of incredibly powerful, compact computers and medical devices.
The Ballistic Deflection Transistor (BDT) uses a new design to bounce electrons around like billiards, producing far less heat and running faster than traditional transistors. The BDT should enable speeds of terahertz, a thousand times faster than today's desktop transistors.
Physicists verify Chandra Varma's microscopic theory of high-temperature superconductivity using neutron scattering experiments. The results suggest ways to fabricate room temperature superconductors and shed light on a major mystery in physics.
Researchers studied nematocyst discharge in Hydra using an electronic framing-streak camera at 1,430,000 frames per second. They found discharges as short as 700 nanoseconds and pressures of up to 7 GPa, allowing the cellular process to release kinetic energy with molecular spring mechanism.
Researchers observed anomalous signatures in lattice vibrations, suggesting dynamic stripes are present in copper-oxide superconductors. The findings support earlier controversial claims and may help explain the superconducting mechanism.
The new nanopore method has the potential to sequence human genomes in a matter of hours at a potentially low cost, reducing the time and expense associated with current methods. The approach uses mathematical calculations and computer modeling to distinguish between DNA bases, enabling faster and more accurate sequencing.
Researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology have developed a novel integrated sensor to detect tiny flow rates in microchemical systems, enabling self-contained feedback control. The technology has applications in biomedical labs on chip, portable electronics, and homeland security.
A study by Huifang Mao and H. Shanker Krishnan found that brand fit and product fit are crucial in evaluating newly released products. Consumers tend to transfer attitudes from varying sources to a brand extension, making spontaneous associations more common.
RIT scientist Ryne Raffaelle's $847,109 grant will develop nanostructured materials to enhance solar cell absorption and conversion rates. The project aims to improve current technology and lay the foundation for long-term improvement in solar energy use.
Researchers have developed a method to estimate oxygen levels in grain boundaries of superconductors, which can enhance their critical current density. This technique, called pressure-induced oxygen relaxation, could make it easier to manufacture reliable ceramic superconductors.
Scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution are developing a new suite of ocean bottom seismometers to record both small and large earthquakes on the seafloor. The instruments will enable accurate recordings of foreshocks and mainshocks, providing critical data for understanding earthquake processes.
Research finds large amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx) transported to North America from the Pacific Ocean in May contribute to significant increases in ozone levels over the region. The discovery will help build better models to understand how pollutants affect other regions, with potential implications for air quality and human health.
A team of scientists from Delft University of Technology, Brown University, and the University of Alabama have successfully created a 'spin triplet' supercurrent through a unique ferromagnet. The discovery breaks quantum physics theory by showing that electrons can exist in three quantum states inside the magnet.
A team from University of Wisconsin-Madison has shown that when the surface of nanoscale silicon is specially cleaned, it facilitates current flow in thin layers that ordinarily won't conduct. Conductivity at the nanoscale is independent of added impurities.
Researchers have developed a new theory that reconciles heat dissipation and electronic transport in metallic carbon nanotubes. The findings explain why shorter nanotubes can carry more current before burning apart due to efficient heat removal.
Kleinerman's research highlights three key findings: the necessity test, extraordinary circumstances, and the separation of personal feelings from official duty. These lessons are crucial in understanding the proper role of executive power in a constitutional system during crisis situations.
A study found that visually impaired individuals prefer TV content enhanced to their individual contrast settings, improving image visibility. The device aims to simplify design and enhance the viewing experience for both impaired and sighted viewers alike.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a technology that can directly identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA molecules using electrical conductivity. The technique involves measuring the electrical conductance of a single DNA molecule, which can reveal sequence information and detect mutations.
Jefferson and Delaware researchers create a novel method to detect breast cancer using tiny nanotubes and antibodies, which increase electrical current when cancer cells bind. The technique shows promise for detecting cancerous cells in seconds, potentially replacing days-old histology sectioning methods.
The new criteria allow for an earlier diagnosis of multiple sclerosis with minimal loss of diagnostic accuracy. The revised guidelines also reduce the number of MRI scans required to evaluate disease progression, making it a powerful tool for diagnosing MS and excluding alternative diagnoses.
The new GeoSpectrum covers diverse topics including exhibits, websites, and publications. It also features Member Society information, award winners, and meeting recaps.
A recent brain navigation study found that rats use the medial mammillary nucleus to solve navigational problems, which may be similar to how humans think. The study suggests that a sense of direction is crucial for spatial awareness and athletic performance.
Scientists at NIST have successfully synchronized the signals emitted by multiple nanoscale oscillators, amplifying their output power and stabilizing their signal pattern. This breakthrough could lead to smaller, cheaper wireless communications components.