Articles tagged with Energy
Researchers have created a novel plasma diagnostics method by studying the pressure change at the inner walls of energy-saving light bulbs. The technique measures the force exerted on a solid surface by plasma, providing insights into processes that conventional probes can't detect.
Scientists at PPPL identified how magnetic reconnection transforms magnetic energy into particle energy, with 50% conversion rate. The process involves electron energization and creation of electrically charged field that powers ions.
The UT Arlington particle physics team has been awarded a $2.5 million, three-year Department of Energy grant to continue their work on the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The grant represents a 25% increase in funding and recognizes the team's innovative ideas and research.
The US Department of Energy has recognized six exceptional scientists and engineers with the 2013 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award for their contributions to research and development supporting energy, science, and national security missions. The award recipients have made significant advances in various scientific fields.
The CEBAF accelerator successfully delivered its first data of the 12 GeV era, achieving 6.11 GeV electrons at 2 nanoAmps average current for over an hour. The milestone marks a major step in the commissioning process and demonstrates the ability to deliver high-energy beams beyond the original operational energy.
Researchers have predicted that a single layer of tin atoms, dubbed 'stanene,' will exhibit 100% electrical conductivity at room temperature. This breakthrough has the potential to significantly reduce power consumption and heat production in future computer chips.
Researchers suggest the Higgs boson could help resolve the cosmological constant problem by introducing another background field that contributes an energy density matching the observed dark energy. This advance provides new insights into understanding dark energy's mysterious nature.
Physicists propose a unified framework for understanding matter, energy, space, and time. The report highlights pressing questions, such as the nature of dark matter and neutrinos, and outlines 20-year research priorities.
Researchers found that pyrrole molecule movement is affected by quantum laws, changing the energy landscape and impacting the whole molecule. The study's results suggest that 'zero-point energy' plays a crucial role in the molecule's diffusion on metal surfaces.
Female leaders in clean energy were honored at the Women in Clean Energy Symposium, including C3E award winners who made significant contributions to policy, innovation, education, and corporate implementation. The event highlighted the importance of local initiatives in advancing national energy plans.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory use RHIC to study the transition from quark-gluon plasma to nuclear matter, with initial hints of a phase boundary revealed. The experiment varies energy and ion types to explore the properties of primordial plasma.
Research by physics professor Victor Yakovenko links income inequality with bursting financial bubbles. He models income distribution using statistical physics, finding a long tail in the upper 3% of incomes that correlates with investment downturns.
Scientists at PPPL have discovered a new process that releases magnetic energy faster than expected by classical theories. The 3-D process involves the formation of high current ropes called flux ropes, which are ejected out of the reconnection region, leading to a sudden decrease in current density.
Physicists are being called on to take action against climate change by reducing their own carbon footprints. By changing behavior at the individual level and carefully planning future experiments, physicists can contribute to a more sustainable energy supply.
Scientists have discovered an exotic nucleus called fluorine-14, comprising nine protons and five neutrons, which exists for a fraction of a second before releasing a proton. The team's experiments were enabled by supercomputers and advanced simulation codes, including the Universal Nuclear Energy Density Functional (UNEDF) project.
Laurence Littenberg, Brookhaven Lab physicist, wins W.K.H. Panofsky Prize for discovering a rare kaon decay with a probability of one in ten billion. This achievement sheds light on the universe's fundamental forces and basic building blocks, as explained by the Standard Model.
A US-European team has found that magnetism drives unconventional superconductivity in heavy-fermion materials, with magnetic energy saved by over 10 times when the system enters a superconducting state. The study provides evidence for collective fluctuations of electrons at the border of magnetism as capable of driving superconductivity.
Researchers at UCLA have successfully controlled chemical reactions mechanically, enabling precise manipulation of molecular interactions. By applying mechanical stress to enzymes, they can influence specific steps in the reaction process, paving the way for new applications in medicine and beyond.
The Fermilab experiments have excluded a quarter of the expected Higgs mass range, with a new mass range established at 158-175 GeV/c^2. The Standard Model predicts a mass range of 114-185 GeV/c^2.
Physicists at McGill University have developed a cantilever force sensor to measure the energy involved in adding electrons to semi-conductor nanocrystals. This innovation could lead to the development of components replacing silicon chips in computers, increasing speed and reducing size.
Physicists at Iowa State University are starting to see real data from the Large Hadron Collider, a multibillion-dollar particle accelerator. The team is analyzing the data from the ATLAS experiment's silicon pixel detector, which uses 80 million pixels to make precise measurements of particles created in high-energy collisions.
The QPACE supercomputer is the world's most energy-efficient supercomputer, developed by a German academic consortium and IBM. It uses a novel concept of connecting processors by a network of programmable units to achieve high performance and scalability.
The University of Delaware has received a $4.4 million grant from ARPA-E to develop stronger, more efficient permanent magnets for various industries. The project aims to identify new materials that can result in magnets twice as strong as current ones.
Using precision techniques, researchers pinpointed a single copper-oxide layer as the key to superconductivity in a material. The discovery could lead to precision engineering of ultrathin films with tunable superconductivity for higher-efficiency electronic devices.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck experimentally prove the existence of four-body loss resonances closely tied to Efimov trimer states, providing strong evidence for these new universal states. This achievement marks an important step towards simplifying laws for complex interactions in few-body physics.
The U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility has awarded three contracts for a $310 million upgrade project, which will provide a cutting-edge facility for studying the building blocks of matter. The contracts are worth $1.5 million and $3.3 million, respectively, for construction and materials require...
Research on the centre of planets provides deeper insight into controlled thermonuclear fusion and improves models of Jupiter and Saturn. The study reveals that extreme matter behaves like a charged liquid at smaller distances but acts more like a gas over larger lengths.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have discovered a new class of glassy materials governed by dynamic disorder. The discovery reveals the role of temporal frustration in disrupting magnetic alignment, allowing for better understanding of how glasses are formed.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new method to predict the properties of light nuclei, allowing for better understanding of element origins and star behavior. This breakthrough enables more accurate calculations of nuclear reaction rates, which are crucial for astrophysics experiments.
Physicists with the CLEO collaboration have confirmed a decades-old prediction by observing a rare and extremely short-lived subatomic particle called charmed-strange meson. The particle decays into a proton and anti-neutron, producing about 10% of all collisions in the accelerator.
The SUPERCABLE project will build a 30m superconductor cable with a current value of 3200 Amperes RMS, transporting the electrical strength of 110 MVA. This technology aims to reduce energy consumption by 10-15% and greenhouse gas emissions.
The ATLAS upgrade, called CARIBU, will enable researchers to accelerate beams of short-lived radioactive isotopes and study unstable nuclei. This will help scientists better understand the universe's heavy elements, including those created in supernovae explosions.
The US Department of Energy's Office of Science has awarded 45 projects 95 million hours of computing time on powerful supercomputers to advance research in various fields, including astrophysics, materials science, and climate research. These awards will enable researchers to create more accurate models, simulate complex processes, an...
Astrophysicist Saul Perlmutter wins prestigious International Feltrinelli Prize for his groundbreaking research on dark energy and the accelerating expansion of the universe. The prize recognizes Perlmutter's contributions to our understanding of the universe's mysterious force, dark energy.
Saul Perlmutter, Adam Riess, and Brian Schmidt share the prize for their work on measuring changes in the universe's expansion rate. Their discovery has implications for understanding dark energy and its impact on galaxy distances.
Researchers found that a nanoscale corrugated surface increases YBCO films' current-carrying capacity by over 30%. This suggests that some degree of substrate roughness might improve high-temperature superconductor performance.
A UCLA professor has been awarded a major DOE grant to develop algorithms that can solve complex plasma physics problems, which could lead to breakthroughs in controlled fusion reactors and clean energy. The research is part of the Office of Science's "Multiscale Mathematics" program.
Researchers successfully amplify a phenomenon predicted by computer simulations, challenging the idea that equilibrium states are impossible in nonlinear systems. The discovery also sheds new light on the Young's modulus of materials.
Ron Davidson, a professor at Princeton University, has received the 2005 Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Award for his contributions to the theory of charged particle beams. His work has applications in particle physics, nuclear physics, ion-beam-driven fusion, high energy density physics, and cancer therapy.
Termite guts have been found to convert cellulose into ethanol, a potential solution for the world's energy supply and storage problems. Chu believes that biology can be used as a solution to pressing environmental issues.
Scientists have discovered that higher energies cause Bose quasiparticles to decay, leading to spectrum termination in certain materials. The research, conducted using neutron scattering measurements, confirms predictions made by Russian Nobel Prize-winning physicist L.D. Landau.
The UCLA-Maryland Center for Multiscale Plasma Dynamics will investigate three plasma mysteries: sawteeth, tearing instabilities, and transport barriers. The research aims to improve the performance of the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) and develop a safe, nearly limitless energy source.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory developed a method to control the architecture of nanocrystals using electrochemistry. They created nearly 30 different nanostructures by changing applied voltages and chemical types, offering greater predictability and convenience compared to traditional methods.
The DOE's Office of Science has developed a strategic plan outlining seven short-term priorities and seven long-term goals in various scientific disciplines. The plan aims to track progress over the next 20 years and ensure US leadership in science, energy, and environment.
Scientists have demonstrated a type of magnetic behavior predicted over 50 years ago using a classical physics approach, bridging the gap between quantum and classical approaches. The study involves molecular magnets with special internal structures, which can produce new phenomena like Néel excitation.
Two researchers, Bahcall and Davis, will share an award for their groundbreaking work on neutrino physics, a field that revolutionized our understanding of the universe. Dr. Sack will receive an award for his crucial role in ensuring the reliability of nuclear weapons, thereby contributing to national security.
Tufts physicists built a crucial $300,000 optical switchyard for the Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search project, helping to understand the deepest structures of matter. The data from this experiment will be fundamental to physicists and astronomers seeking to comprehend the universe's building blocks.
The Department of Energy recognizes PPPL's DeLooper for his crucial role in coordinating the Snowmass Fusion Summer Study Workshops, which brought together leading scientists from the US and international community. This success led to a consensus in the fusion community that enabled the Administration to join ITER negotiations.
Kaye, a principal research physicist at PPPL, was recognized for his groundbreaking investigation of strongly heated plasmas and their characteristics. His work is crucial to predicting plasma performance in magnetic fusion energy devices.
Researchers Masaaki Yamada and Hantao Ji at PPPL have received an award from the American Physical Society for their groundbreaking research on magnetic reconnection. Their work has elucidated a fundamental problem in plasmas, relevant to fusion energy and astrophysical phenomena.
Physicists at Kansas State University are studying the top quark, the heaviest quark known, which is 40 times heavier than any other quark. They aim to understand its properties and relationship with other quarks to uncover why it doesn't exist naturally.
Physicists at RHIC are investigating how gluons contribute to proton spin by colliding polarized protons. The experiment aims to tease apart the individual contributions of quarks and gluons to the proton's spin.
Physicists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have produced a significant number of 'doubly strange nuclei', containing two strange quarks, to study nuclear forces and neutron stars. The discovery uses statistical techniques to infer the presence of these nuclei, which may provide insight into the properties of neutron stars.
PPPL will participate in four SciDAC projects focused on plasma confinement systems and data analysis, aiming to improve physics models and computer resources. The projects will enable geographically separated scientists to collaborate and analyze high-speed data.
Dr. Daniel C. Ralph has made significant contributions to the development of experimental techniques for studying nanoscale structures. He was awarded the 1997 McMillan Award for outstanding work in condensed matter physics.