Articles tagged with Gases
A recent study suggests the ozone layer is recovering, but it's unclear if it will reach pre-1980 levels. The recovery is attributed to the Montreal Protocol's ban on chlorine pollutants, but natural factors like warming temperatures and greenhouse gases may impact its stability.
A Delft mathematician has developed a new method for calculating the effectiveness of protective clothing against NBC-weapons using computer modeling. The research aims to determine at which point in time the clothing loses its protective function, allowing for more efficient design and improvement.
Physicists simulated gases in optical lattices to study the behavior of electrons in materials. They found that electron blocking occurs even when the lattice would normally be a good conductor, and interference effects form natural fractal patterns.
A new rubbery membrane material can efficiently purify hydrogen for fuel cells, potentially lowering costs for hydrogen-fueled vehicles. The material's superior gas-separating ability could also replace an expensive step in current petrochemical processing.
The device uses four sensors to analyze air composition and alert waste management companies to methane gas and odor levels, creating a healthier environment for local communities.
The SAFOD project reveals a correlation between nonvolcanic tremors and microearthquakes, suggesting a possible causal relationship. The researchers also obtained seismic data during a magnitude 6.0 earthquake in 2004, indicating that damaged rock began forming mineral seals soon after the event.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a prototype sonic gas analyzer that automatically detects gas concentrations in air/gas mixtures by analyzing pitch changes. The system can track toxic or flammable gases and detect changes as low as 0.003 percent, making it suitable for monitoring hydrogen levels in microbial fuel cells.
A NASA study finds that methane's impact on climate change may be significantly higher than previously thought, potentially accounting for a third of the gas's overall effect. The research suggests that methane emissions play a substantial role in increasing tropospheric ozone levels, which contributes to global warming.
The study found that improving catalyst particle surface characteristics increases reaction rate efficiency and reduces expensive catalyst needed. Catalyst particles adhere better to gas bubbles with these modifications, resulting in increased efficiency.
Lei Xu's experiment reveals that low atmospheric pressure affects the splash process, leading to a new understanding of fundamental mechanisms for splash formation. The discovery has implications for applications in technological situations where splashing occurs, such as combustion and ink-jet printing.
A team of scientists found that solar storms and Arctic winds led to a 60% ozone reduction in the upper stratosphere in 2004. The study used data from seven satellites to conclude that energetic particles from the sun triggered chemical reactions, leading to increased nitrogen oxide levels.
Researchers suggest harnessing atmospheric interactions similar to Earth's surface temperature warming trends to create a biologically hospitable environment on Mars. Introducing man-made greenhouse gases, such as fluorine-based compounds, could melt carbon dioxide and ice on the planet, potentially reviving dormant life.
A team of international scientists is measuring the Arctic atmosphere to validate NASA's Aura satellite data. The focus is on understanding ozone depletion in this sensitive region, which can have severe effects on humans and ecosystems.
Reductions in carbon dioxide and non-carbon dioxide trace gases can stabilize the climate with warming less than 1°C at 520 ppm CO2 levels. The Montreal Protocol is effective in reducing ozone-depleting gases, but needs extension to address other trace gases.
Researchers at Bristol University found a link between magma storage depth and eruption explosiveness in the 1980 Mount St Helens eruption. Monitoring isotopic content of gases emitted from the volcano may help predict the next eruption's style and timing.
CU researchers report consistent pattern in deuterium abundance, suggesting smaller amount of chemical evolution and higher infall of near primordial gas to the Milky Way galaxy. The findings provide a better understanding of galactic chemical evolution and its impact on the formation of stars, planets, and life.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have developed an electronic nose that can recognize and capture ten different smell groupings, including fruits, coffees, gases, and spices. The device connects to a PC and uses inexpensive electronic parts to solve the complex challenge of capturing smells.
Researchers at UGA are using manmade tracers to study the exchange of gases between vegetation and the atmosphere. They aim to improve methods for evaluating carbon sequestration in plant canopies, a crucial step in understanding how much carbon is taken up by different ecosystems.
A prototype system using NIST-patented microheater technology and artificial neural networks can reliably identify trace amounts of toxic gases. The sensors can detect compounds like sulfur-mustard gas and nerve agents at levels below 1 part per million.
A new computer simulation reveals that burning particles of highly reactive gas can leap out in front of an explosive shock wave and ride it, sparking reactions ahead of the wave. The model predicts ultrafast detonations can occur in laboratory experiments.
Researchers used laser light to measure HCO and CH2 concentrations in natural gas flames, detecting toxic gases NO and NO2 at low levels. The technique offers a precise method for analyzing combustion processes, with potential applications in industrial settings.
A UCI research team will study the chemistry of water-air interaction, shedding light on air pollution and atmospheric chemistry in Southern California. The five-year project involves international collaborations and will incorporate experiments and theory to understand dissolved particles and gas interactions.
Researchers at Imperial College London discovered that xenon can block the effects of a glutamate receptor implicated in nerve cell death, potentially preventing damage. The findings have led to clinical trials and the formation of a spin-out company to develop treatments for neurological injuries.
A University of Toronto geochemist has found evidence of abiogenic gases in underground mines, matching hydrocarbons formed from non-life-based reactions. The discovery raises the possibility that life on Earth could be sustained by these gases, challenging previous assumptions about the origins of complex life.
Chemists at Ohio State University have created the first-ever compounds of uranium bonded to atoms of three so-called
Researchers study presolar diamond grains found in meteorites and simulate implantation of ions to test mechanism. The results reveal a bimodal release of noble gases with different temperatures, suggesting at least two events involved in the introduction of xenon.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed new theoretical calculations on how life might have arisen from volcanic gases on Earth and other celestial bodies. The calculations suggest that environmental and chemical conditions are ripe for basic hydrocarbons to form, potentially leading to the emergence of life.
A new MIT study analyzes the economic and atmospheric impacts of the Kyoto Protocol, showing that controlling multiple gases can greatly reduce costs. The research indicates flaws in the protocol's 'yardstick' for comparing greenhouse gases, highlighting the need for an integrated systems approach to mitigate climate change.
Researchers analyzed polar snowpack and found major ozone-depleting gases were not present in the atmosphere in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Human emissions can account entirely for their presence in the atmosphere.