Articles tagged with Infrared Radiation
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Astronomers have made the first-ever observations of a circumplanetary disk around PDS 70, a young star located 370 light-years from Earth. The ALMA data provide compelling evidence for the existence of multiple moons in the system, with two Jupiter-like planets and a potential third planet on its own orbit.
Graphene's ability to control infrared and terahertz waves using magnetic fields has been confirmed experimentally, opening up new possibilities for opto-electronics, telecommunications, and medical diagnostics. The research also shows that graphene can be used to observe molecular chirality and search for life on exoplanets.
Astronomers have discovered a large amount of warm gas ejected in the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae, revealing an astonishingly different ultraviolet-light image. The newly revealed gas is important for understanding how the eruption began and could be used to study other stars and gaseous nebulas.
Research reveals sagebrush's response to 2017 solar eclipse showed significant reductions in photosynthesis and transpiration. The study also found that the circadian rhythm was interrupted by sudden changes in sunlight, triggering a response beyond what happens when clouds block sunlight.
Researchers at NIST have created a compact apparatus that rapidly measures the entire infrared band of light to detect biological, chemical, and physical properties of matter. The system successfully detects signature vibrations of amide bands in a monoclonal antibody reference material, providing insights into protein structure.
Researchers are developing a light-based technology to increase energy available to brain cells and improve astronaut performance. The new LED device aims to replace lasers as the delivery method for near-infrared light to stimulate mitochondria and create more oxygen in the brain.
The Hubble Space Telescope has captured an image of the galaxy Messier 90, which is moving towards the Milky Way at a speed of approximately 60 million light-years. This rare phenomenon is known as blueshift, where the galaxy's light is compressed and shifted towards the blue end of the spectrum.
Researchers at Lancaster University developed a method to record computer data using magnets and light pulses, reducing energy consumption. The new approach uses ultrashort pulses of light concentrated by special antennas on top of a magnet to switch the orientation of tiny magnets in magnetic hard-drives.
Scientists from SUTD have developed a plasmonic upconversion optical security device that displays an ultrahigh resolution color print under white light, while revealing different luminescent information under infrared illumination. The device uses monolayers of upconversion nanophosphors to achieve true color printing.
New observations using NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope reveal that some of the earliest galaxies in the Universe were significantly brighter than anticipated. The excess light suggests that these galaxies released high amounts of ionising radiation, which may have played a key role in the Epoch of Reionisation.
Chemists at the University of Innsbruck have created a novel red phosphor called SALON, which emits light in the visible red range and reduces energy loss. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient white LEDs with improved color quality.
Scientists study cloud top temperatures and identify strongest storms around the center of circulation and in a band of thunderstorms southwest of the center. The satellite data reveals cold cloud tops, indicating powerful storms with high rainfall potential.
The discovery of channelrhodopsin-2 reveals two parallel paths in the activation of the ion channel by light, allowing for optimized applications in optogenetics. This understanding could lead to treatments for blind individuals and patients with agitated paralysis in Parkinson's disease.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have discovered a way to make submicron-sized cylinders disappear using optical frequency illumination. This breakthrough could lead to new kinds of detectors and sensors for the medical and aerospace industries, without the need for expensive metamaterial coatings.
A team of researchers has discovered a stellar flare ten times more powerful than anything seen on our sun, erupting from an ultracool star almost the same size as Jupiter. The star, ULAS J224940.13-011236.9, is only a tenth of the radius of our own sun and is considered a brown dwarf by some definitions.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a new compact laser source that can detect greenhouse gases and molecules in a person's breath. The system uses a fiber laser combined with a micrometer waveguide chip to generate light waves in the mid-infrared spectrum, retaining 30% of the original signal strength.
A new method for making infrared cameras using quantum dots offers faster production and better performance. This technology could enable the use of infrared cameras in autonomous vehicles, smartphones, and other devices, improving their ability to detect heat signatures and see through smoke and fog.
A new web application called Radiance Light Trends allows anyone to analyze satellite data on light emissions since 1992, tracking changes in regions like Berlin and the Tucson International Airport. The app provides valuable insights into the causes of these changes, including energy-saving measures and greenhouse lighting.
Researchers at ETH Zurich developed a new transparent material coating that greatly reduces fogging on eyewear, cameras, and windshields. The coating absorbs infrared sunlight and converts it into heat, preventing fogging by heating the surface up to 3-4 degrees Celsius.
Researchers discovered that resurrection plants control their water structure to survive dehydration by accumulating water molecular dimers and molecules with 4 hydrogen bonds. This regulation allows them to preserve tissues against dehydration-induced damages, enabling survival in dry states.
Researchers develop photoswitchable molecules that can be activated by pulsed infrared light, allowing for precise control over molecular activity. The technique achieves 100% efficiency and opens doors to applications in drug delivery and studying neuronal circuits.
Scientists have developed a nanotechnology that enables mice to see infrared light, opening the door for potential applications in civilian encryption, security, and military operations. The technology involves injecting nanoparticles into the mouse's eyes, which capture infrared wavelengths and emit shorter visible light wavelengths.
Researchers at UMass Medical School have developed a technology that allows mammals to see infrared light using nanoantennae injections. The temporary vision enhancement enables animals to perceive near-infrared patterns and shapes without interfering with their visible light ability.
Tropical Cyclone Pola was passing near Fiji when NASA's Aqua satellite analyzed the storm in infrared light, finding cloud top temperatures getting colder. Colder cloud tops indicate a strengthening storm with strong thunderstorms capable of creating heavy rain.
Typhoon Wutip's eye is located about 105 miles north of Faraulep and 230 miles south of Guam, moving northwest at 15 mph. Cloud top temperatures as cold as or colder than 70F/56.6C indicate heavy rainfall potential.
University of Houston chemist Thomas Teets tackles three topics: blue light-emitting compounds, near-infrared spectra, and photocatalysts for organic synthesis. He also leads educational projects to introduce children and art enthusiasts to the chemistry of light.
The NIST Astrocomb allows the detection of Earth-mass planets orbiting M dwarf stars, which comprise 70% of stars in the galaxy. The precision provided by the comb enables astronomers to find habitable planets around the most ubiquitous stars near Earth.
Researchers used reverse-biased LEDs to cool devices by harnessing thermal radiation, a concept commonly used in battery operation. This approach could lead to new solid-state cooling technology for microprocessors, enabling faster and more efficient computing.
Researchers have taken snapshots of how C60 carbon molecules react to extremely short pulses of intense infrared light, transforming its shape from round to elongated. The findings may lead to new applications in ultrafast, light-controlled electronics.
Researchers discovered a novel phenomenon that corrects wavelength splitting in quantum dot lasers, improving their efficiency. This breakthrough has significant implications for optics and photonics research, including the development of light-based micro-chips.
Researchers created a fabric with conductive metal coating that can gate infrared radiation, allowing for instant cooling or insulation. The fabric's dynamic properties are ideal for regulating body temperature in various environments.
Physicists at UC Riverside created the first production of an electron liquid at room temperature, opening the way for new optoelectronic devices and basic physics studies. The achievement could lead to development of efficient terahertz devices for applications such as cancer detection and space communications.
Researchers at TU Dresden develop programmable transparent organic luminescent tags that can be written, read, and erased using light. The tags use a thin layer of organic molecules that can emit light when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
Researchers at RMIT University developed a nano-enhanced material that captures 99% of light and converts it into chemical energy, offering a sustainable alternative for the chemical manufacturing industry. The innovation has potential applications in desalination, night vision technology, and producing valuable chemicals.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a chemical process to convert infrared light to visible energy, allowing innocuous radiation to penetrate living tissue without damaging it. This technology holds promise for enhancing the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in treating various diseases.
Scientists have developed a novel optogenetic system that allows for precise control of integrin-mediated adhesion in human cells using light. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize cancer therapy and regenerative medicine by enabling targeted manipulation of cell-matrix interactions.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory developed a new method to intentionally 'squash' colloidal quantum dots, creating dots capable of stable, blink-free light emission. This approach suppresses spectral fluctuations in single-dot emission and results in spectrally narrow light with highly stable intensity.
Astronomers have detected a distant quasar from the early universe using Gemini Observatory, which provides critical insights into the formation of galaxies. The quasar is fueled by a supermassive black hole at its center, with mass 700 million times that of our Sun.
Astronomers have discovered a young star, Gaia 17bpi, undergoing a rare 'growth spurt' - a FU Ori stellar outburst. The event reveals insights into the development of these distant stellar objects and helps solve longstanding mysteries surrounding star formation.
UCF researchers have developed a technique to hide information on materials by controlling absorption of light, making it visible only through infrared lenses or cameras. The technology has applications in anti-counterfeiting security, military assets identification, and dynamic camouflage.
Research reveals pristine graphene can efficiently convert light into electricity with no special junctions, leading to potential improvements in solar panels and photodetectors. The unique electronic structure of graphene allows for long-distance energy transfer without excess electronic charge.
Researchers developed a stability-indicating HPLC method to quantify pralatrexate and its degradation products. Four major degradation products were synthesized and characterized, enabling the prediction of degradation pathways.
Researchers at TU Wien develop a patent-pending technology to create frequency combs on a single chip, enabling chemical analysis in tiny spaces. The system can detect various chemical substances and is robust against disturbances, making it perfect for practical applications.
Researchers developed a system using drones to capture actor movements for 3D animation, reducing camera work and data processing.
The device can measure multiple wavelengths of light, including UVB and UVA, to optimize treatment of neonatal jaundice, skin diseases, seasonal affective disorder, and reduce the risk of sunburns and skin cancer. It enables precision phototherapy and warns users of impending sunburns.
A team of Clemson University astrophysicists measured the total starlight ever produced throughout the history of the observable universe using data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. They found that this light translates to approximately 4x10^84 photons, which is a vast amount considering most of it comes from distant galaxies.
Scientists used data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope to measure all starlight produced over 90% of the universe's history. This analysis provides a reference for future missions exploring stellar evolution and confirms previous measurements of star-formation rates.
Scientists at NRL have developed a chip-based beam steering technology that steers laser light in two dimensions without mechanical devices, offering improved steering capability and higher scan speed rates. The new technology has potential applications in chemical sensing, monitoring emissions, and other industrial facilities.
Researchers discovered trans-galactic streamers flowing into the most luminous galaxy in the universe, W2246-0526. The galaxy is stripping away material from three smaller neighbors, which will fuel its star-forming activity for hundreds of millions of years.
Researchers developed stealth-cap technology to increase stability and biocompatibility of light-transducing nanoparticles. The new nanoparticles are water-soluble, stable in complex body fluids, and can store medications like cancer drugs.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a device that can collect heat from the sun and coldness from outer space at the same time. The technology combines radiative cooling with solar absorption, allowing for simultaneous heating and cooling, which could improve solar cell efficiency.
Researchers at MIT have developed a heat-rejecting film that can be applied to windows to reflect up to 70% of the sun's incoming heat. This innovative material could significantly reduce air conditioning costs and energy consumption, particularly in hot cities like Hong Kong.
A new flexible sensor maps blood-oxygen levels over large areas of skin and organs, allowing for real-time monitoring of healing wounds. This innovation could benefit patients with diabetes, respiration diseases, and sleep apnea by tracking blood-oxygen levels 24/7.
Researchers at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory have created a topological quantum light source that can guide light around its edge, shielding it from disruptions. This breakthrough has the potential to enable more secure communications and enhanced sensing capabilities for soldiers.
University of Adelaide researchers have created a powerful tractor beam that traps atoms in a microscopic hole at the center of an optical fiber. This breakthrough opens up new opportunities for quantum experiments and secure communications.
An international team of researchers has discovered ultra-confined infrared polaritons that propagate only in specific directions along thin slabs of molybdenum trioxide. The polaritons live for an exceptionally long time, up to 20 picoseconds, and could enable the development of more efficient nanophotonic devices.
Researchers at Dartmouth College developed a new molecular switch based on the hydrazone functional group, combining key properties of current light-activated switches. The molecule shows 'on-off' fluorescence emission toggling and can be used for data storage in both liquid and solid states.
Scientists analyzed data from NASA's Aqua satellite to determine if Tropical Cyclone Luban was intensifying or weakening. The storm showed cold cloud top temperatures as low as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong winds and a powerful system.
Hurricane Michael continues to strengthen with maximum sustained winds reaching near 100 mph, forecasters predict a major hurricane upon landfall in Florida. The storm's center is expected to move across the eastern Gulf of Mexico and inland over the Florida Panhandle on Wednesday.
NASA's Aqua satellite observed Hurricane Sergio with infrared light, revealing warmer cloud top temperatures on the western half of the storm. This indicates weakening of the storm's uplift, but a well-defined inner-core remains despite slow weakening.