Articles tagged with Infrared Radiation
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Tropical Storm Maria weakened to a tropical storm on Sept. 28, with NASA monitoring its trajectory. The storm showed signs of strength in infrared light, but its cloud top temperatures indicated a capacity for heavy rainfall.
A NASA satellite detected a strengthening Hurricane Lee, with colder cloud top temperatures indicating stronger storms. The storm's eye cleared out and warmed, while the eyewall cloud tops cooled to -81.4 degrees Fahrenheit, suggesting heavy rainfall potential.
Researchers developed combined photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy using Bilirubin (BR) nanoparticles, showing high biocompatibility and outstanding therapeutic effects. The technology has the potential to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment outcomes.
The MODIS instrument aboard NASA's Aqua satellite found cloud top temperatures of strong thunderstorms in Maria's quadrant as cold as or colder than minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit. This indicates that Maria has the capability to create heavy rain, posing a threat to coastal areas.
Tropical Depression Norma has a smaller area of strong storms, with cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The depression is weakening and expected to degenerate into a remnant low on Wednesday, moving westward towards Mexico.
Tropical Storm Norma was located near 18.7 degrees north latitude and 109.7 degrees west longitude, with an elongated band of thunderstorms around its center, 85 miles east of Socorro Island.
The James Webb Space Telescope relies on a complex shroud system to maintain extremely low temperatures, minimizing unwanted infrared light that could compromise optical testing. The system consists of two nested shrouds: liquid nitrogen and cold gaseous helium, which work together to cool the telescope.
Tropical Depression 21W developed just west of the Philippines, with strong thunderstorms detected around its center and eastern Philippines. Cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit indicate potential for heavy rainfall.
Scientists analyzed cloud top temperatures using NASA's Aqua satellite, finding areas as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The system is moving westward at 15 mph and may strengthen into a tropical storm by Wednesday.
NASA analyzed Hurricane Jose's cloud-filled eye using satellite imagery, revealing strong thunderstorms around the center and bands northeast and southeast of the storm. The satellite data showed that the eye feature persists despite being obscured in conventional imagery.
Tropical Depression 19W is developing just north of Luzon, Philippines, with strong thunderstorms and cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center predicts the depression will continue to track northwest into the South China Sea over the next couple of days.
Researchers engineered antibodies to target EGFR on bladder tumors and used gold nanoparticles to deliver heat via plasmon resonance. This technique successfully slowed and reversed tumor growth in mice, with minimal side effects.
Tropical Depression 16W has formed in the Philippine Sea, with cloud top temperatures reaching as low as -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is forecast to intensify into a tropical storm before making landfall in northern Philippines and potentially strengthening further in the South China Sea.
Researchers at FAU successfully manipulated the properties of hybrid systems made from carbon nanostructures and a dye. The team discovered that light stimulation could transfer electrons between the dye and carbon structures, a crucial requirement for dye-sensitised solar cells.
Tropical Depression Noru is weakening over Japan due to warming cloud top temperatures. The storm's strongest sides are being identified using infrared light from the AIRS instrument on NASA's Aqua satellite.
Researchers successfully perform optical coherence tomography with XUV radiation at laboratory scale, producing strong image contrasts and achieving higher resolution than infrared-based methods. The technique has potential applications in biology, including non-destructive imaging of cells.
Tropical Storm Nalgae is experiencing wind shear affecting its eastern side with cloud top temperatures reaching -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is also hindered by an upper atmospheric system inhibiting development in other quadrants.
Researchers have found compelling evidence for a stratosphere on the enormous planet WASP-121b, hot enough to boil iron. The discovery was made using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and indicates a strong stratosphere on this gas giant exoplanet.
Scientists have found a stratosphere on an enormous gas giant exoplanet WASP-121b with an atmosphere hot enough to boil iron. The discovery was made using spectroscopy to analyze the planet's brightness at different wavelengths of light, revealing glowing water molecules.
NASA's AIRS instrument detected a small area of cold clouds in Tropical Depression Irwin, indicating weakened storms. The depression is forecast to become a remnant low later today, August 1.
Researchers developed a new light-trapping sensor that improves spectroscopy's detection capabilities for drugs, bomb-making materials, diseases and other molecules. The device uses SEIRA spectroscopy to absorb up to 81% of infrared light, outperforming previous technologies.
Researchers from Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology in Jena generate broadband light spectrum with solitons in the near-infrared range, exhibiting unique nonlinear optical effects and high transmission. The use of liquid core fibers enables a more stable alternative to traditional broadband light sources.
NASA used the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder to track cloud top temperatures in Tropical Storm Irwin, identifying the strongest storms as those west of its low-level center. Temperatures of minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit were recorded in these areas, indicating potential heavy rainfall.
A team of scientists has calculated the distribution of all light energy contained within the Milky Way, providing insight into galaxy formation and stellar processes. The research shows how stellar photons control gamma-ray production in the Universe.
The temperature of Chamber A steadily dropped from Houston's heat, reaching 20 kelvins (-424°F/-253°C), while the Webb telescope's instruments transferred heat to surrounding liquids and gases.
Tropical Storm Sonca made landfall in Vietnam, bringing maximum sustained winds near 40 knots and heavy rainfall to the region. Infrared data from NASA's Aqua satellite revealed an area of strong storms with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit.
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder instrument aboard NASA's Aqua satellite gathered data on Tropical Storm Irwin, revealing a large area of strong storms with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. This suggests that the storm has the potential to generate heavy rainfall and strengthen into a hurricane.
The team created a polarizing beamsplitter that splits light into vertically and horizontally polarized states, enabling various applications in imaging systems, communications networks, and future technologies. This new technique has advantages over traditional methods, including being cheaper, more robust, and versatile.
Tropical Storm Don formed rapidly off Barbados, with a tropical storm warning issued for Grenada and St. Vincent. NASA's AIRS instrument analyzed the storm using infrared light to identify strong thunderstorms and cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit.
A Rice University professor has developed a method to upconvert light, making solar cells more efficient and disease-targeting nanoparticles more effective. The technique uses plasmonic metals and semiconducting quantum wells to boost the frequency of light, changing its color.
A team of scientists from Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias discovered a very distant galaxy, some 10 thousand million light years away, about a thousand times brighter than the Milky Way. The galaxy is notable for having a high rate of star formation, forming stars at a rate of 1000 solar masses per year.
Hurricane Fernanda's maximum sustained winds reached 100 mph, with further strengthening anticipated in the next 48 hours. The storm is moving westward at 12 mph and is expected to become a major hurricane today.
Researchers at Australian National University (ANU) have designed a new nano material that can reflect or transmit light on demand with temperature control. This innovation offers potential protection for astronauts in space from harmful radiation, increasing resistance threshold against radiation compared to current technologies.
Researchers at Princeton University developed a self-powered smart window system using transparent solar cells that selectively absorb near-UV light. The system reduces energy costs by up to 40% and can be applied to existing windows via lamination.
Researchers created nanostructures with varying widths that absorb different wavelengths of light, generating an electric current corresponding to the absorbed wavelength. The new detectors operate faster and detect a wider range of electromagnetic spectrum than traditional devices.
Researchers at ICFO have developed a phase modulator using graphene plasmons, enabling ultra-compact light modulation with a device footprint of only 350 nm. The discovery has potential applications for on-chip biosensing and two-dimensional transformation optics.
A team of researchers has discovered a way to manipulate a weird quantum interface between light and matter in silicon carbide, advancing the possibility of applying quantum mechanical principles to existing optical fiber networks. They achieved a record-breaking 10,000 photons before destroying the spin state, paving the way for secur...
NASA monitored Tropical Storm Cindy using its Aqua satellite's infrared light and GPM satellite's radar, revealing areas of heaviest rainfall and storm tops reaching over 7.2 miles high. The National Hurricane Center warned of life-threatening flash flooding due to heavy rainfall expected in parts of the US Gulf Coast states.
The James Webb Space Telescope will undergo a three-month test period at NASA's Johnson Space Center to prove its ability to operate in space-like conditions. Chamber A, a historic Apollo-era test chamber, simulates temperatures as low as -393 degrees Fahrenheit, essential for detecting infrared light from distant objects.
Osaka University researchers have developed a novel solar material that can efficiently split water to produce clean hydrogen fuel, outperforming traditional semiconductors. The three-part composite material maximizes light absorption and electron conduction, resulting in 60 times higher activity than pure lanthanum titanium oxide.
Scientists have found a biocompatible material in silicon that can heat up quickly and signal its temperature through Raman scattering. The nanoparticles are more efficient than gold at converting laser radiation into heat, making them a potential cheaper alternative to metal-based treatments.
Tropical Depression 2E is moving north-northeast towards the Mexican state of Oaxaca, where it may bring heavy rainfall and strong winds. The depression's central convection has decreased, but it still has the potential to generate heavy rainfall.
Researchers have identified a seventh rhodopsin, Rh7, expressed in the brain of fruit flies where it regulates circadian rhythms and daily activity patterns. The discovery sheds light on the role of light-sensitive opsins in setting circadian rhythms and has potential implications for understanding degenerative retinal disorders.
Astronomers have confirmed the existence of separate inner and outer disk structures around epsilon Eridani, similar to the asteroid and Kuiper belts in our solar system. The star's debris disk is thought to be a key to understanding the evolution of our solar system.
New night lights maps offer daily, high-definition views of Earth at night, allowing for real-time monitoring of human activities, power outages, and environmental changes. The data can aid short-term weather forecasting, disaster response, and research on urbanization and economic changes.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new way to make highly detailed images of internal body structures using light-emitting particles called quantum dots. The particles emit infrared light and can capture video footage of blood flow, allowing for the detection of individual blood cells and the tracking of tumor development.
Cyclone 14P is being blown apart by strong westerly wind shear, weakening its maximum sustained winds and pushing strongest storms east of the center. Infrared light imagery from NASA's Aqua satellite reveals cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit.
Researchers used ALMA to detect emissions from two distant galaxies, revealing massive, dusty systems with high star formation rates and extended layers of gas. The galaxies are embedded in a large halo or disk of neutral hydrogen gas, indicating rapid growth and evolution.
Using light to remotely control the curvature of plastic sheets, researchers can create three-dimensional structures like spheres and tubes. The technique is compatible with commercial printing techniques and holds its shape after the light is removed.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a transparent silver film that can survive air exposure and maintain its conductive properties. The film has potential applications in touchscreens, flexible displays, and metamaterials for faster computing and data transfer.
Researchers at Louisiana State University and Lund University have developed a new method to direct short bursts of x-ray light using strong laser pulses. This breakthrough allows for precise control over the properties of the light, including direction and pulse duration.
Researchers have created a pocket-sized retina camera that can take quality pictures without pupil dilation, enabling convenient and efficient retinal examinations. The camera is made from simple parts available online and costs around $185.
Tropical Cyclone 11S has cloud top temperatures of -63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating the potential for heavy rainfall. The cyclone is forecast to reach hurricane force on March 13 and pass close to Rodrigues Island.
University of Minnesota researchers developed a magnetic tunnel junction that can be switched by a pulse of light lasting one trillionth of a second, breaking the current speed record. The device has the potential to enable faster writing speeds and revolutionize information technology advances.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a new type of metamaterial using III-V semiconductors that can be used to create ultra-efficient optical devices. The materials offer a wide range of tunable properties, including the ability to manipulate light and generate entangled photons.
Tropical Cyclone Blanche formed near Australia's Top End on March 5 and made landfall the next day. NASA's satellite imagery showed cloud top temperatures of minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating powerful storms that can generate heavy rainfall.
North Carolina State University researchers have developed a technique to design and fabricate 2-D materials that can be controlled remotely to trigger folds in any order, inspired by origami. By varying the width of printed lines and colors of ink, they can alter how far and quickly each hinge folds.
Researchers created a material that reduces signal losses in photonic devices, boosting the efficiency of lasers and other light-based technologies. The discovery addresses a key challenge in photonics by incorporating a semiconductor material into plasmonic metamaterials.
The flashlight fish uses its bioluminescent light organs to detect prey in the dark, adjusting flash frequency to the context. Researchers also found that the fish blink at a high rate during feeding and are regulated by lighting conditions.
A new film developed by Yao Zhai and colleagues can dissipate the sun's thermal energy, resulting in a cooling effect. The material is lightweight, easily conforms to curved surfaces, and relatively easy to mass produce, making it a promising solution for passive radiative cooling.