Articles tagged with Infrared Radiation
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new material developed by UC San Diego engineers can absorb a broad range of infrared wavelengths, enabling potential applications in cooling buildings and cars, enhancing solar cell efficiencies, and blocking thermal detection. The material's unique properties allow it to be customized for specific absorption ranges.
Researchers create a frequency comb in the visible spectrum using a micro-bubble resonator, enabling precise optical measurements with low power consumption. The device has potential applications in medical science and optics research.
Researchers from ANU have developed a device that creates complex holographic images in infrared using silicon pillars. This technology has the potential to be used in various applications such as ultra-thin optical devices for cameras and satellites.
The NASA Terra satellite observed cloud tops west and north of the center of the low-pressure area reaching -70 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong storms. The low-level center of circulation appears to be consolidating, with multiple surface observations showing 15-20 knot winds.
A NASA-developed camera, equipped with a moth's eye-inspired absorber technology, is now operational on the SOFIA aircraft. This innovation allows for greater sensitivity in far-infrared astronomy, enabling scientists to study early stages of star and planet formation, as well as map magnetic fields around supermassive black holes.
Researchers at Duke University developed a new technology using nanocubes to simplify multispectral imaging in color and infrared, promising cheaper and more robust solutions for various industries. The technique relies on plasmonics and can be scaled up, reducing costs and increasing accuracy.
Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) have made a groundbreaking discovery in cancer treatment. They developed novel Iridium(III) complexes that utilize red light to attack and kill cancer cells, providing a promising new approach for photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Astronomers have discovered a hyper-starburst galaxy that is forming stars at an incredible rate of 4,500 times the mass of the Sun every year. This galaxy, SPT 0346-52, is 12.7 billion light years from Earth and provides valuable insights into the evolution of galaxies and the formation of massive galaxies.
RIT researchers Aaron Gerace and Matt Montanaro developed an innovative algorithm to improve the accuracy of Landsat 8 data by correcting stray light in the thermal infrared sensor. The new method, approved by NASA and USGS, provides clear improvement in image quality and accurate temperature measurements.
A new study by UCL finds that treating bees with light therapy can counteract the harmful effects of neonicotinoid pesticides, significantly improving survival rates and mobility. The researchers used deep red light to improve mitochondrial function and ATP production, enabling bees to recover from pesticide exposure.
Researchers at Aalto University developed a new light detector capturing over 96% of photons covering visible, ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths. The detector's nanostructured surface and inversion layer eliminate reflection losses and electrical losses present in traditional sensors.
A microscopic sensor has been developed at TU Wien that can identify different gases simultaneously using a laser and detector in one. The sensor, made of a sophisticated layered system of materials, emits light in the infrared range and measures its strength to detect gases with unique 'fingerprints'.
Typhoon Haima showed powerful thunderstorms with heavy rainfall around its eyewall, indicated by a temperature of -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm's cloud-filled eye was clearly visible in a visible image taken on Oct. 19.
Researchers have developed a new technology called DarkLight that enables visible light communication even in dark environments. The technology uses ultra-short, imperceptible light pulses and can transmit data over short distances without being blocked by obstacles.
Researchers have developed a new way to reveal crystal features in functional materials using infrared light, allowing for detailed imaging at the nanoscale. The technique enables better design and optimization of material properties, with applications in electronics, energy conversion, and biological studies.
Tropical Depression 24W formed on Oct 12 and moved west toward the Philippines on Oct 13, with NASA's Aqua satellite revealing cold cloud tops indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The depression is forecast to strengthen into a typhoon and make landfall in eastern Luzon late on Oct 15 or early on Oct 16
Tropical Depression 24W has formed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean with maximum sustained winds near 30 knots. The storm is forecasted to strengthen into a typhoon and make landfall in Luzon, northern Philippines by October 15.
Researchers have observed a binary star system with two stars and three rotating planet-forming accretion discs, all misaligned with each other. The discovery challenges current understanding of planetary system formation and prompts further study to understand the physics behind this unusual system.
Hurricane Newton made two landfalls in Mexico, with NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites capturing its trajectory and intensity. The storm's center passed over Baja California and the mainland of western Mexico, causing high winds and flash floods in nearby areas.
Researchers created an ultrasensitive optical microfiber coupler sensor that detects small concentrations of molecules on or near the fiber's surface. The sensor boasts a sensitivity 20 times higher than conventional sensors, making it ideal for trace analyte and small molecule detection.
Researchers at Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute developed an endoscope using near-infrared light to spot early warning signs of oesophageal cancer. The new technique could be used to monitor people with Barrett's oesophagus and prevent some cases of oesophageal cancer.
Researchers at UTA have discovered a potential non-invasive treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using near-infrared light. The study, published in Nature's Scientific Reports, found that shining near-infrared light on the brain increases production of cytochrome-c-oxidase, a protein that stimulates blood flow.
Researchers create a cooling textile that utilizes infrared radiation, allowing for efficient heat dissipation and reducing the need for air conditioning. The material is made from polyethylene and has various characteristics desirable in clothing material.
Researchers have discovered a new phase-transition optical material that can dynamically control light over a broad wavelength range. The material, samarium nickelate (SmNiO3), can be electrically tuned between transparent and opaque states, opening up applications for smart windows, infrared camouflage, and optical communications.
A team of astronomers charted the rise and fall of galaxies over 90 percent of cosmic history using the FourStar Galaxy Evolution Survey. They discovered young galaxies that existed as early as 12.5 billion years ago, with diverse structures and star formation patterns.
Researchers at NIST and Shandong University have found a way to grow large crystals that could revolutionize laser technology. The microcrystals outperform conventional crystals in some ways, but their performance challenges scientific theory.
Researchers at UC Davis discovered how sunflowers follow the sun during the day using their internal clock, affecting growth hormones and flower orientation. The study found two growth mechanisms at work in sunflower stems, one driven by light availability and another controlled by the circadian clock.
Scientists design metamaterials that can block or transmit specific wavelengths of light at the command of light pulses, enabling new optical device applications. The new switchable materials have potential to create ultra-thin metasurface lenses and other flat optical components.
Tropical Depression 06W is consolidating and intensifying in NASA's infrared imagery, with cloud top temperatures exceeding minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm will interact with the mountainous terrain of Luzon on July 29, potentially strengthening into a tropical storm
Researchers have detected spiraling plasma around a magnetic field in the active nucleus of galaxy Cygnus A, providing insights into the cosmic monster's influence on its surroundings. The observations also confirm that the plasma is highly confined by the effect of the magnetic field.
A novel mid-wavelength infrared phototransistor device has the potential to replace traditional radio-frequency wireless data links. This technology uses low-power and low-cost alternative to FSO communications, providing high-speed data links with reduced limitations.
A new type of portable infrared detector has been developed, operating at room temperature, enabling efficient and compact detection systems. The detector uses an 8x8 array of pixels to sense specific wavelengths of infrared light and convert them into electrical signals.
Hurricane Darby's strength is decreasing due to warming cloud tops, indicating a weakening circulation with strong convection. The storm is expected to become a tropical storm later today, with maximum sustained winds remaining near 75mph.
Researchers from Facebook's Connectivity Lab have demonstrated a new approach for detecting optical communication signals, overcoming the primary challenge of precisely pointing a small laser beam at a tiny light detector. The new technology uses fluorescent materials to collect and concentrate light onto a photodetector, achieving dat...
Researchers have developed a novel graphene photodetector that can efficiently detect low-energy photons using vertical heterostructures. The device harnesses the photo-thermionic effect to extract hot electrons from graphene, enabling fast and efficient optoelectronic applications.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a new technique using near-infrared light to measure chemical composition in materials. The technique enhances sensitivity by 10,000 times, making it suitable for water-based samples and allowing for more detailed analysis.
Researchers create a quantum Hall material of light and study its behavior in curved space, confirming a previously untested theory. This breakthrough allows for new interactions between photons and opens up possibilities for exotic quantum liquid states of light.
Researchers developed a compound that transforms near-infrared light into broadband white-light, emitting directional and high-quality light suitable for microscopes and projection systems. The material is cheap, readily available, and easily scalable, opening up new routes for advanced directed illumination technologies.
Bearded dragons partition colour change to specific body parts depending on social interactions and temperature. Colour change in the neck area is linked to social interactions, while darker colours on their backs help regulate body temperature during breeding season.
A team led by University of Central Florida researcher Debashis Chanda is developing a novel infrared detection technology that could improve night vision, meteorology, and space exploration. The new detector will be tunable and able to see a range of bands, producing high-resolution images without the need for cooling.
Physicists observe nanoscale light-matter phenomenon lasting only attoseconds, studying collective electron motions and near fields in gold nanoneedles. The development enables precise characterization of near-field vibrations, paving the way for complex studies of light-matter interactions in metals.
A type of flatworm, Schmidtea mediterranea, can provide a new model for studying rare metabolic disorders like porphyrias. Prolonged exposure to sunlight triggers the production of light-activated molecules in its skin pigment cells, leading to depigmentation and potentially aiding in the development of new treatments.
A new type of ultra-thin film can absorb almost 99% of light, revolutionizing night vision and sensing devices. This technology has the potential to save millions of dollars in defence and agriculture applications.
Researchers detected gamma-ray emission in Arp 220, revealing extreme energetic processes and hidden cosmic rays. The finding expands energy observations of galaxies and sheds light on the population of extreme energetic particles.
Rice experts unveil a submicroscopic tunable, optical amplifier that generates infrared light and boosts the output of one light by capturing energy from a second light. The innovation is a single nanoparticle serving as an optical parametric amplifier, with potential applications in chemical sensing and molecular imaging.
Three exoplanets, similar to Earth and Venus, orbit an ultracool dwarf star just 40 light years from Earth. The planets may have regions with temperatures suitable for liquid water and life.
The James Webb Space Telescope's primary mirror is the largest yet sent into space, made of 18 beryllium segments coated with a thin layer of gold. The telescope will study the formation of solar systems capable of supporting life on planets similar to Earth, as well as the evolution of our own solar system.
Researchers used the light echo technique to measure the distance from a young star to the inner edge of its surrounding protoplanetary disk. The study found the inner edge to be relatively thick and determined a distance of approximately 0.08 astronomical units, consistent with theoretical expectations.
Scientists at LMU and MPQ create a technique for controlling ultrafast electron pulses, enabling the visualization of atoms and electrons in motion. This breakthrough could lead to new photonic and electronic materials and devices.
Astronomers have identified a young and bright planet-like object, 2MASS J1119-1137, which is only 10 million years old and four to eight times the mass of Jupiter. This discovery provides valuable insights into giant planets outside our Solar System and offers a unique opportunity to study these objects.
Researchers from MIT developed a new infrared depth-sensing system that works outdoors, using a smartphone with a $10 laser. The system captures four frames of video and subtracts ambient infrared light to improve accuracy. It has been tested on a driverless golf cart and shows promise for autonomous vehicles.
A team of researchers, led by UC Riverside graduate student Irene Shivaei, used a combination of near-infrared spectrometer and infrared images to study 17 bright distant galaxies. They compared various observables, including ultraviolet light, infrared light, and nebular emission lines, to estimate the star-formation rate. The study i...
The James Webb Space Telescope has completed critical cryogenic testing on its science instruments, a crucial step towards launch. The observatory will capture faint light from the universe's first objects after the Big Bang once launched into space.
Graphene-based technologies enable ultra-small optical nanodevices by capturing light in record-small volumes. The researchers identified two types of plasmons - edge and sheet modes - with unique properties that can channel electromagnetic energy in one dimension.
Researchers developed a new method to kill bacteria in seconds using gold nanoparticles and light, outperforming traditional sterilization methods. The technique shows promise for biomedical applications, including reducing urinary tract infections and improving water quality.
A research team using ALMA detected the faintest millimeter-wave source ever observed and found that they are responsible for 100% of the enigmatic infrared background light. 60% of these objects are faint galaxies, while the rest remain unknown.
Disney researchers create a low-cost, handheld depth sensor system for capturing 3-D models of marine life with millimeter accuracy. The system corrects for refraction effects and supports coral reef restoration efforts in the Bahamas.
The James Webb Space Telescope's sole secondary mirror was successfully installed onto the telescope at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. The mirror is supported by three struts and made of beryllium coated with gold to efficiently reflect infrared light.
Researchers at the University of Surrey have developed a new graphene material with enhanced light absorption, enabling applications such as 'smart wallpaper' that can generate electricity from waste light or heat. The technology uses nanotexturing to localise light into narrow spaces, increasing light absorption by 90%.
The James Webb Space Telescope's 18 primary flight mirror segments are being installed using a high-precision robotic arm, requiring fraction-of-a-millimeter accuracy. The team uses lasers to measure distance and a coordinate system to place each segment, achieving precision better than the thickness of a piece of paper.