Articles tagged with Nuclear Physics
Researchers found that surface mechanical attrition treatment improves magnesium's corrosion resistance, making it suitable for biocompatible implants. The process reduces the rate of decomposition and increases the material's strength.
The study found that bitcoin and ethereum exhibited strong correlations with traditional financial instruments during the pandemic, indicating their integration into the market. Cryptocurrencies behaved like reliable financial instruments, losing their safe-haven status but remaining stable.
Cynthia Keppel, a leading US Department of Energy scientist, will receive $1 million to develop new detector technologies for nuclear physics research and cancer treatment. The collaboration aims to improve GEM detector systems with high spatial resolution.
Wenliang Li, a postdoctoral researcher at William & Mary, is studying proton structure from a new angle using Jefferson Lab's 12 GeV electron beam. He's examining particles that fly backward in the interaction to learn more about proton structure.
An international team of physicists has analyzed comprehensive data from over a dozen subatomic experiments to investigate right-handed neutrinos. The analysis reveals significant challenges in detecting these particles, but also suggests a possible connection to dark matter.
Nobuo Sato has been awarded a five-year grant from the Department of Energy to develop the FemtoAnalyzer, a tool that will help nuclear physicists image the three-dimensional internal structure of protons and neutrons. The project aims to produce unprecedented resolution in understanding the building blocks of matter.
Researchers from the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences successfully create tensile and inhomogeneous quantum rings in a controlled manner. The work involves trapping ultracold atoms in optical lattices and modifying interaction between atoms to mimic superconductors.
Scientists investigated how dynamic magnetic properties of individual molecular magnets change with orientation in a magnetic field. They found strong anisotropy, which is crucial for building functional quantum computer components.
Researchers are developing the BAND framework to provide a publicly available set of computational tools for physicists, improving uncertainty quantification and predictive modeling in nuclear physics. The five-year grant will support regular software releases and workshops to train other scientists on using the tools.
Scientists have uncovered low-energy waves in magnetite that indicate the importance of electronic interactions with the crystal lattice. The discovery reveals the trimeron order in magnetite has elementary excitations with very low energy, absorbing radiation in the far-infrared region.
Researchers explore whether intuition on interaction is justified in quantum mechanics. They show that entangled states can be generated without direct contact using the fundamental indistinguishability of particles.
Researchers have developed antineutrino detection technology to monitor nuclear reactors and detect plutonium production, providing high-level assurances of treaty compliance. The technology has potential applications in near-field and far-field monitoring, as well as verifying treaty compliance by tracking spent fuel.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory fabricate and test a superconducting nanowire device capable of detecting low-energy photons and operating in extreme magnetic fields. The device, made from niobium nitride, operates near absolute zero and has the potential to revolutionize nuclear physics experiments.
Researchers successfully separate and observe single-molecule magnets (SMMs) on a magnetically neutral silica substrate using transmission electron microscopy. This breakthrough enables the development of auto-associative memories and multi-criterion optimization systems, mirroring the human brain.
Physicists at PTB and MPIK have developed a method to measure atomic frequencies in highly charged ions, increasing precision by a factor of 100 million. This breakthrough enables the creation of novel atomic clocks and new avenues for searching for new physics.
The Department of Energy has announced plans for a future Electron Ion Collider, sited at Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York. Jefferson Lab will be a major partner in the project, providing key support and expertise in particle accelerators and nuclear physics.
Scientists have developed a new method to record extremely fast processes using X-ray lasers. By harnessing the random nature of these pulses, they can now create images with precisely controlled parameters. This breakthrough enables the study of non-linear effects and chemical reactions.
Researchers verified predictions of particles beyond standard physics, improving restrictions on theories explaining B meson decay anomalies. The analysis used artificial intelligence to eliminate background data and narrowed the area for searching for new physics.
Researchers at the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics have created a new model to simulate the flow of magnetic waves through magnonic crystals. This breakthrough allows for better control over the material's properties, which is crucial for applications in spintronics and electronics.
A four-investigator team led by University of Delaware physicist Marianna Safronova has won a prestigious Synergy Grant to build a nuclear clock, which will be far more sensitive than atomic clocks. The project aims to search for undiscovered physics effects and detect dark matter particles.
Scientists developed a simple method for producing nanometer-sized corundum with high porosity at room temperature. The process involves milling a powder in a ball mill for a few hours, resulting in thermodynamically stable nanoparticles. This breakthrough reduces energy and costs associated with traditional production methods.
Scientists from the Institute of Nuclear Physics have found that high-energy collisions produce 'forward-directed' jets, which require accounting for saturation and Sudakov effect. The researchers took into consideration two previously known phenomena to describe the production of these jets accurately.
Physicists at the University of Colorado Boulder have discovered a way to tie microscopic knots within liquid crystals, a type of material used in electronics. The researchers found that by applying voltage, they can expand or shrink the knots and even form complex shapes.
Researchers developed a new model to study complex defects in silicon carbide crystals, explaining their characteristics on an atomic scale. The work provides a qualitative understanding of the impact of edge dislocations on material properties.
Researchers have successfully created molecular nanocages with unprecedented properties using gold atoms as a binding agent. The gold-bonded cages exhibit chemical and thermal stability while being sensitive to acidity, making them ideal for biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery.
Scientists from the Polish Academy of Sciences analyzed mountain ranges worldwide and found a universal similarity in their structure. The analysis showed that the distribution of ridges and valleys follows a power-law nature, with most nodes having low degree and few hubs having high degree.
Physicists have confirmed the existence of 'fire streaks' in proton-proton collisions, a phenomenon initially proposed as a theoretical structure. The analysis suggests that the matter arising from these collisions behaves similarly to the fire streaks of quark-gluon plasma.
Researchers estimate the amount of negative pressure in liquid crystals confined in nanopores using a new method. The results show that increasing pressure slows down molecular mobility, while narrower channels increase it.
Researchers create statistical tool for stylometric analysis using graphs, finding that individuality manifests itself in surprisingly small number of words. The method identifies authors correctly in almost 90% of cases, requiring only 10-12 words to be traced in English texts.
The new technology allows for high-speed analysis of emulsion track detectors, essential for detecting dark matter particles. The faster microscopes will process tens of tons of nano-emulsion trackers with unprecedented accuracy in record time.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have discovered and characterized oxygen-11, the lightest-ever form of oxygen with three neutrons to its eight protons. This discovery opens a new avenue for studying nuclear symmetry by comparing it to its mirror nucleus lithium-11.
Cynthia Keppel, a Jefferson Lab scientist, has been awarded the American Physical Society's 2019 Distinguished Lectureship Award on the Applications of Physics. She is recognized for her pioneering work in proton therapy and her ability to communicate complex physics concepts to non-expert audiences.
An international team of physicists has failed to detect the charged Higgs boson in a recent analysis, but found evidence that limits new theories. The search for the particle focused on masses between 90 gigaelectronvolts and 2000 gigaelectronvolts.
A Polish-German team of physicists has described the dynamic phenomena occurring at the interface between a ferromagnetic metal and a semiconductor, filling the 'thermal' gap in material knowledge. The study used computational models to simulate atomic vibrations and showed that the interface exhibits unique patterns.
Researchers analyzed particle flow from tiny projectiles colliding with gold nuclei at nearly the speed of light. The data show strong correlations between initial geometry and final flow patterns, supporting the quark-gluon plasma hypothesis.
Researchers from the Institute of Nuclear Physics analyze the S&P 500 index and predict a catastrophic financial meltdown in up to a dozen years. The Hurst exponent, which measures system susceptibility to change, has been steadily falling below 0.5 since 2008.
Four Jefferson Lab-affiliated scientists have been elected as Fellow of the American Physical Society, a prestigious honor recognizing their significant contributions to nuclear physics. Cynthia Keppel's fellowship honors her broad impact in fundamental nuclear science and applications of nuclear technology.
Some physicists argue that spacetime may emerge from processes closer to reality, such as quarks and hadrons. The concept of spacetime has puzzled humanity for millennia, with some theories suggesting it's a dynamic creation while others propose it's an absolute arena for events.
Researchers build systems reproducing quantum predictions with classical models, suggesting a boundary for 'true' quantum phenomena beyond single-particle interactions. Quantum entanglement remains an unexplained mystery.
The CREDO project, a global particle detector using smartphones, has started collecting scientific data. Researchers have detected deviations from expected distributions in the raw data, which may indicate interactions between high-energy particles and space-time.
The HAWC observatory has identified spectacular details of the processes responsible for high-energy radiation in microquasar SS 433. This is a rare opportunity to observe the object in detail, as its jets are directed almost perpendicular to our line of sight.
Researchers observed anomalies in decays of beauty mesons, which may be signs of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The inclusion of long-distance effects increased the significance of these findings, reaching a 6.1 sigma value.
Researchers from the Institute of Nuclear Physics found no anomalies in a rare decay of charmed baryons, potentially indicating 'new physics' is not present. They improved an upper limit on frequency by up to 100 times, but are still far from detecting any inconsistencies with predictions.
Physicists applied high pressure to create polycrystal samples of dysprosium germanide, revealing a charge-density wave phenomenon. The wave influences crystal lattice distortions and magnetic ordering, leading to an anti-ferromagnetic order at lower temperatures.
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report concludes that an EIC is essential to answering fundamental questions about the building blocks of matter. The collider will enable unique scientific discoveries with implications for particle physics, astrophysics, and other fields.
Jaideep Singh, an MSU assistant professor, received funding for his proposal to search for time-reversal violation using optically addressable nuclei in cryogenic solids. The award will accelerate his research program by about 15 years, recognizing the world-class scientific support at FRIB.
A team of scientists presents a new model explaining the effects of quantum spin on relativistic flows of quark-gluon plasma, which can flow at speeds close to light. The model considers the conservation of momentum and takes into account the spin polarization of particles.
Physicists from Cracow and Kielce predict that alpha clusters, made up of two protons and two neutrons, exist in light nuclei. Experimental physicists can detect these clusters using high-energy accelerators.
Researchers calculate fundamental property of protons and neutrons with unprecedented 1 percent precision, matching long-standing experimental results. The new calculation provides a critical benchmark for applying lattice QCD to nuclear physics problems, which could aid in dark matter searches and answer outstanding questions about th...
Physicists have discovered an interesting asymmetry in the production of charm mesons and their antimatter counterparts, which could affect the detection of neutrinos. The researchers propose that unfavoured quark fragmentation may explain this phenomenon, potentially leading to a high percentage of D+ and D- meson asymmetry.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory successfully simulated an atomic nucleus using a quantum computer, demonstrating the ability of quantum systems to compute nuclear physics problems. The team extracted the deuteron's binding energy with high accuracy, despite challenges posed by inherent noise on the chip.
Researchers analyzed unique data from high-energy proton collisions to understand the mechanism of hadronization. They found evidence of a quark-gluon plasma exhibiting liquid-like properties, which can help improve our understanding of particle physics and the universe's early moments.
A new analysis of ultracold neutron measurements imposes strict constraints on the interactions of axions with nucleons and gluons. Researchers discovered frequency changes in neutrons that could be indicative of an 'axion wind', suggesting a specific direction of movement for these hypothetical particles.
Jefferson Lab's Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) successfully delivered beams to all four experimental halls for the first time. This milestone enables researchers to conduct more complex studies and maximize research output, potentially leading to breakthroughs in nuclear physics.
Researchers analyzed scientific connections of leading scholars, including Harry Eugene Stanley and Edward Witten, to understand modern scientific cooperation. They used Erdos numbers to visualize the flow of ideas in graphs, revealing a self-organization resulting from power law dynamics in these networks.
The GAMBIT Collaboration has developed software tools to analyze data from various experiments and compare them with predictions of new theories. This comprehensive analysis narrows the search areas for 'new physics' and eliminates models whose predictions have not been confirmed.
Researchers at RIKEN and partner institutions have made the most precise measurement to date of the proton's magnetic moment, achieving a precision of less than one part per billion. The study used a combination of advanced engineering techniques and precise frequency measurements to isolate a single proton in a Penning trap.
The MSU traineeship program will educate PhD and master's students in accelerator science and engineering, addressing four critical workforce needs. Students will be certified and ready for careers in DOE laboratory facilities and industry.
Researchers used the HAWC Observatory to study two nearby pulsars, Geminga and PSR B0656+14, which produced high-energy positrons in cosmic rays. The analysis found that while pulsar radiation contributed some positrons, it was not enough to explain the excess.
Researchers from Poland and USA develop new model of quark-gluon plasma, finding it to be much less viscous than expected. The anisotropic hydrodynamics model shows promising results, with improved accuracy in describing the phenomenon.