Articles tagged with Nuclear Physics
Jefferson Lab's Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) successfully delivered beams to all four experimental halls for the first time. This milestone enables researchers to conduct more complex studies and maximize research output, potentially leading to breakthroughs in nuclear physics.
Researchers analyzed scientific connections of leading scholars, including Harry Eugene Stanley and Edward Witten, to understand modern scientific cooperation. They used Erdos numbers to visualize the flow of ideas in graphs, revealing a self-organization resulting from power law dynamics in these networks.
The GAMBIT Collaboration has developed software tools to analyze data from various experiments and compare them with predictions of new theories. This comprehensive analysis narrows the search areas for 'new physics' and eliminates models whose predictions have not been confirmed.
Researchers at RIKEN and partner institutions have made the most precise measurement to date of the proton's magnetic moment, achieving a precision of less than one part per billion. The study used a combination of advanced engineering techniques and precise frequency measurements to isolate a single proton in a Penning trap.
The MSU traineeship program will educate PhD and master's students in accelerator science and engineering, addressing four critical workforce needs. Students will be certified and ready for careers in DOE laboratory facilities and industry.
Researchers used the HAWC Observatory to study two nearby pulsars, Geminga and PSR B0656+14, which produced high-energy positrons in cosmic rays. The analysis found that while pulsar radiation contributed some positrons, it was not enough to explain the excess.
Researchers from Poland and USA develop new model of quark-gluon plasma, finding it to be much less viscous than expected. The anisotropic hydrodynamics model shows promising results, with improved accuracy in describing the phenomenon.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab lead development of next-generation software to benefit nuclear physics computation. The project aims to optimize calculations on future supercomputers, enabling better prediction and understanding of QCD at extreme temperatures and densities.
Experiments at Argonne National Laboratory reveal stable energy states and collective spin in lead-208 nuclei. This challenges the assumption that spherical nuclei do not spin.
Scientists have discovered a new class of materials that can replace liquid electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries, potentially leading to smaller, lighter, and safer devices. The breakthrough material showed exceptional ionic conductivity, even at low temperatures, and its properties are comparable to those of liquid electrolytes.
Physicists from Cracow and Zurich searched for traces of light inflatons in meson decay, but found none. The absence of a new particle challenges cosmological models relying on general relativity.
Two scientists, Charles Perdrisat and Charles Sinclair, are jointly awarded the JSA Outstanding Nuclear Physicist Prize for their groundbreaking contributions to nuclear physics research. Their innovative techniques have significantly advanced our understanding of nucleon structure through pioneering measurements.
Nuclear physicists at Brookhaven National Laboratory's STAR detector have revealed new details about the fundamental particles that make up our world. They found more heavy particles emerging from the fat part of a collision, indicating that heavy particles get caught up in the flow of quark-gluon plasma.
Physicists from IFJ PAN developed a simple model to describe the complex process of atomic nucleus collisions. The model predicts that hot matter forms streaks along the direction of impact, moving faster with distance from the collision axis.
The LHCb experiment's analysis confirms the Standard Model's predictions for the rare Bs0 meson decay into a muon and anti-muon with exceptional accuracy. The results narrow down parameters for proposed extensions, such as supersymmetric theories.
Scientists discovered a new type of vibration in europium silicide nanoislands that dissipates heat more effectively. The study used nuclear inelastic scattering to measure the energy spectrum of atomic vibrations and found that the vibrations of atoms in the crystal lattice can be tailored for specific thermal properties.
Scientists have observed a tiny difference in the decay patterns of beauty baryons, suggesting that antibaryons may not be identical to their matter counterparts. This finding is significant because it could provide insight into why matter survived the Big Bang while antimatter did not.
Researchers analyzed word frequencies in six Indo-European languages, finding that punctuation marks play a key role in shaping the distribution of words. The study used over a million words from literary texts and found that including punctuation marks significantly altered the results, revealing a more complex structure.
A team of scientists has discovered that human cells and neutron stars share similar structures, including Terasaki ramps, which are helical shapes connecting stacked sheets. The similarities between these two vastly different systems suggest a universal principle governing the energy of a system.
Scientists from Poland and France have discovered a new type of atomic nucleus that challenges the long-held assumption that heavy elements are the only ones to exhibit complex deformations. The nuclei of calcium were found to be superdeformed and triaxial, with a distorted shape along three axes.
A team of Russian physicists used a personal computer with GPU to solve complicated integral equations of quantum mechanics, previously only solvable with expensive supercomputers. They achieved speeds up to 15 minutes for calculations that took days on supercomputers.
Victor Flambaum's appointment at the Helmholtz Institute Mainz is expected to give great impetus to the development of the PRISMA Cluster of Excellence. He will be collaborating with various departments, including experimental groups working on dark matter and antimatter research.
Researchers at the Institute of Nuclear Physics have observed a new mechanism creating particles in high-energy collisions, where charm mesons appear in pairs as often as singles. This effect plays a dominant role in producing charm particles and is expected to become more prominent in future accelerators.
A new approach to nuclear structure calculations uses relative coordinates to describe quantum mechanical states of nuclei, reducing complexity and computational power required. This method enables other groups to perform their own nuclear structure calculations with limited resources.
Researchers from the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics have observed elastic collisions between photons in heavy ion collisions. The study predicts that some deflected photons could hit detectors installed by ATLAS, CMS, and ALICE projects.
Researchers have discovered that cosmic heavy metals, such as gold and platinum, can be used to trace the history of galaxies. The study, published in Nature, suggests that the collision of dense stars in the universe can forge these heavy elements and provide insights into galaxy formation.
Nuclear physicists can extend methods and observations from solid state physics to study the atomic nucleus. This collaboration has led to new understanding of Cooper pair tunneling, a phenomenon not possible in solid state physics. The authors encourage further interdisciplinarity to enrich nuclear physics research.
Physicists from Polish Academy of Sciences analyze data from LHCb experiment, indicating possible signs of new physics. The analysis shows a deviation of 3.7 sigma in the decay rate of beauty mesons, suggesting that physicists may be on the cusp of discovering new particles beyond the Standard Model.
Researchers introduce technique to calculate and understand angular momentum in complex systems, simplifying the 'angulon problem'. The novel canonical transformation removes complex algebra, offering insights into atomic, condensed matter, and chemical physics.
Researchers analyzed over 113 literary works, finding fractal and multifractal patterns in sentence length and narrative structure. The study suggests that literary texts exhibit hierarchical organization and correlations among data at various complexity levels.
Scientists have successfully implemented an innovative scheme to increase proton collision rates at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), resulting in doubled peak and average luminosity measures. This enables researchers to collect more data to answer important questions about proton spin and nuclear physics.
Researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have developed a laser-based X-ray machine that can detect nuclear materials hidden behind thick shielding or smuggled in cargo containers. The technology offers several advantages, including low radiation levels and portability, making it a potential tool for nuclear site inspections.
Scientists have created a new variety of iron oxide with a hexagonal structure that remains stable even when multiple layers are added. The material exhibits unusual magnetic properties, visible at room temperature, in contrast to traditional iron oxides.
Researchers at the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics found that cold crystallization in liquid crystals occurs through two mechanisms: classical thermodynamics and diffusion. The study reveals a wide range of temperatures where cold crystallization can occur, contrary to previous expectations.
Researchers investigate CERN's physicality and cultural heritage, highlighting the site's extraordinary significance in scientific terms and its everyday objects, buildings, and ideas. The study chronicles an intense history, including the Higgs Boson's discovery and Sir Tim Berners-Lee's creation of the World Wide Web.
Physicists have created a stable Efimov state consisting of three helium atoms, exhibiting huge distances between binding partners. The discovery confirms theoretical predictions and opens new avenues for research in quantum mechanics.
Scientists at the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Poland used multifractal analysis to study sunspots and found asymmetrical patterns that may indicate an unknown physical process. The researchers believe these findings could provide new insights into solar activity and potentially discard current trends.
The US National Science Foundation has awarded 10 Physics Frontiers Centers, focusing on basic research in quantum computing and fundamental physics. These collaborative environments support multidisciplinary projects and education initiatives.
Researchers analyze particle jets from lead ion collisions to understand quark-gluon plasma properties. The study reveals that high-energy jets are suppressed, contradicting some theoretical models.
Uwe Thumm, a theoretical physicist at Kansas State University, has been awarded the prestigious Humboldt Research Award for his lifetime contributions to atomic, molecular and optical physics. The award recognizes his fundamental discoveries and new theories that significantly influenced his field.
The JSA Initiatives Fund Program supports education, outreach, and career development initiatives at Jefferson Lab. The FY15 program includes new awards for 31 projects, with half supporting education and outreach programs.
Brookhaven physicists Mark Dean, Xin Qian, and Bjoern Schenke are awarded DOE funding to explore magnetic excitations in materials, develop detectors for precision neutrino measurements, and study high-energy nuclear collisions. The grants support research at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Scientists have reproduced antiferromagnetic coupling between layers in nanoscopic materials, allowing for easy adjustment of properties without shape or composition manipulation. This discovery paves the way for miniaturization of magnetic storage and applications.
Researchers from Italy, France, Germany, and Russia develop experiment to measure photoelectric effect on excited xenon atoms. They successfully separate isotopes with zero and non-zero nuclear magnetic moments.
Physicists and chemists from Max Planck Institute and Heidelberg University develop method to directly image molecular structure of chiral molecules, revealing their absolute configuration and handedness. This breakthrough enables investigation of individual chiral molecules in the gaseous state.
Physicists from Louisiana Tech University contribute to an international team that reports first results for the proton's weak charge based on precise new data from Jefferson Laboratory. The Q-weak experiment measured the weak interaction's unique property of parity violation, revealing a tiny asymmetry in electron scattering rates.
Berkeley Lab researchers successfully recreated the elusive atomic collapse state in graphene using artificial nuclei, confirming relativistic quantum mechanics predictions. This breakthrough has significant implications for graphene-based electronic devices and future nanotechnology applications.
Richard Seto and Jing Shi, professors at the University of California, Riverside, have been elected APS Fellows for their innovative work in relativistic heavy ion physics and spin transport in organic semiconductors. Their research has led to significant discoveries in the study of hadronic matter and Quark Gluon Plasma.
The JYFL-ACCLAB Centre of Excellence has made significant advancements in studying the nucleus 256Rf, providing insights into the stability of superheavy elements. This breakthrough is crucial for understanding the 'island of stability' and its implications for nuclear physics.
William Bertozzi, a renowned MIT professor, has been awarded the inaugural JSA Outstanding Nuclear Physicist Award for his pioneering work in experimental electromagnetic nuclear physics. The award acknowledges his leadership and innovative techniques that have advanced the field of nuclear physics.
The European Science Foundation forecasts the need for powerful new accelerator facilities to tackle fundamental questions in nuclear physics, focusing on energy, health, and environmental problems. This will enhance skills in advanced techniques transferred to industries, ensuring access to expertise in low-carbon energy, medical diag...
The American Physical Society has released a report outlining concrete steps to help the US achieve its goals of downsize the nuclear arsenal, prevent the spread of atomic bombs, and keep the stockpile safe and secure. The report recommends technologies such as nuclear archaeology to validate nations' production of atomic material.
Carbon-22 has a nucleus comprised of 16 neutrons and 6 protons, exhibiting an unexpected stability due to its halo structure. The discovery sets a new milestone in nuclear physics, with implications for the investigation of heavier and more exotic nuclei.
Scientists have discovered that the Milky Way's magnetic field is significantly stronger than initially believed, with a strength of at least 10 times greater than the rest of the galaxy. This finding has important implications for various astronomical data calculations and theories, including star formation and cosmology.
The study of 33Mg's ground state properties reveals a prolate deformed nucleus with well-reproduced energy and magnetic moment. The time-odd relativistic mean field approach successfully explains the experimental data without introducing parameters.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have successfully stopped and reaccelerated a stable ion through a newly constructed charge-breeder, bringing the CAlifornium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) Project closer to completion. This achievement is a significant step towards extending the reach of ATLAS to include potentially hu...
Researchers have made groundbreaking measurements of rare tin, cadmium, and indium nuclei, refining theoretical models about element creation in the cosmos. The discovery of Tin-100, a 'holy grail' of experimental nuclear physics, marks a major breakthrough in understanding nuclear stability.
The U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility has received approval for a $310 million project that will double the energy of its accelerated electron beam from 6 GeV to 12 GeV, enabling scientists to study quarks and gluons in unprecedented detail.
Researchers from Michigan State and Central Michigan universities develop a new approach to modeling atomic nuclei, reducing computational complexity by focusing on correlations between particles. This breakthrough enables more accurate predictions for the structure of heavy atomic nuclei.
Researchers successfully created a magnetic field in a highly turbulent flow of liquid sodium, exhibiting remarkable similarities with cosmic magnetic fields. This breakthrough advances our understanding of the mechanisms behind the formation of natural magnetic fields.