Articles tagged with Nuclear Physics
The UTSA-led Consortium on Nuclear Security Technologies (CONNECT) has received a five-year, $5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration. The program aims to educate and train the next generation of scientists and engineers in nuclear security, with a focus on underrepresented students.
Scientists at Brookhaven Lab will develop a comprehensive theoretical framework for describing the interaction of heavy-flavor particles with quark-gluon plasma. The Heavy-Flavor Theory Collaboration aims to provide insights into the properties of quark-gluon plasma and its precursors in nuclear matter.
The SURGE Topical Theory Collaboration aims to develop calculations and a theoretical framework for discovering the saturated state of gluons. Scientists hope to gain deeper insight into the strong force and gluons' role in generating hadron properties.
The US Department of Energy has awarded $35 million in grants to three joint projects between Nuclear Physics and Advanced Scientific Computing Research programs. These projects aim to optimize software tools for calculations of quantum chromodynamics, which describes the structure of protons and neutrons, using powerful supercomputers...
Mark Jones has been appointed as the new group leader of Jefferson Lab's Experimental Halls A and C. He aims to advance nuclear physics research by supporting vetted experiments and exploring new ideas. Jones brings deep experience in nuclear physics, equipment, and analysis, having worked at the lab since 1992.
Researchers have developed a new model that combines nuclear physics and string theory to describe the transition to dense and hot quark matter in neutron star collisions. The model allows for the calculation of gravitational-wave signals, showing that both hot and cold quark matter can be produced.
Researchers investigated open star clusters, finding they dissolve faster than predicted by Newton's laws. The team developed a new method to count stars in tidal tails, revealing a significant difference in the number of stars between the front and rear tails.
Nuclear physicists have confirmed a bump in the data of proton structure measurements, revealing an unexplained spike in electric polarizability. The anomaly is puzzling experts, who believe it may indicate an unknown facet of the strong force at work.
A breakthrough computer model from Chalmers University of Technology reveals the properties of an atomic nucleus, providing insights into the strong force that governs neutron star behavior. The model predicts a surprisingly thin neutron skin, which could lead to increased understanding of heavy element creation in neutron stars.
Researchers detected a spectral softening around 10 TeV in the high-energy cosmic ray proton spectrum, suggesting the proton energy spectrum is not consistent with a single power law variation. The study contributes to understanding of cosmic ray acceleration by supernovae and propagation mechanism.
Scientists studying particle collisions at RHIC observed signs of gluon saturation in heavier nuclei, with suppression of back-to-back pairs increasing with larger nucleus size. The results support theoretical models and provide insight into the behavior of gluons in dense nuclear matter.
A high-precision experiment reveals that protons and neutrons in small nuclei prefer to pair up with others of the same kind more often than expected. The study provides new details about short-distance interactions between particles and may impact results from experiments seeking to tease out further nuclear structure details.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab have extracted the strength of the strong force, a quantity that supports theories accounting for 99% of ordinary mass. They found that strong force coupling grows quickly before leveling off and becoming constant with increasing distance between affected bodies.
A postdoctoral researcher uses computational tools to characterize light mesons, shedding light on the strong interaction and its role in binding quarks. The study aims to improve understanding of how matter stays together and bridge the gap between experimentalists and theorists.
Devi Lal Adhikari's thesis explores mathematical connections between atomic nuclei and neutron stars, shedding light on the structure of both. His research has garnered significant attention from astrophysicists and physicists alike.
Rice University physicists Frank Geurts and Wei Li have received a $1.8 million grant from the Department of Energy to conduct research on relativistic heavy-ion physics at both Brookhaven National Laboratory and the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Their work focuses on creating quark-gluon plasmas, a
An international team of researchers found that destructive quantum interference suppresses transition between superdeformed and spherical ground states in calcium-40 nuclei. This work may help explain nucleosynthesis processes and the remarkable stability of magic nuclei.
Researchers at MIT have developed a method to enable quantum sensors to detect any arbitrary frequency without losing nanoscale spatial resolution. The new system, called a quantum mixer, injects a second frequency into the detector using microwaves, enabling detection of signals with desired frequencies.
Alexander Austregesilo, a staff scientist at Jefferson Lab, has been awarded a $2.5 million grant to study novel forms of nuclear matter within the spectrum of hadrons. He aims to develop new tools and resources to analyze large datasets generated by the GlueX experiment in search of exotic particles or hints of their existence.
Scientists studying particle collisions at RHIC have identified a specific mechanism for jet quenching, where individual quarks emit gluons as they interact with the QGP. The results provide new insight into the properties of quark-gluon plasma, which filled the early universe.
Two graduate students from Virginia universities selected to receive support through the Office of Science Graduate Student Research program will conduct research at Jefferson Lab. The program provides world-class training and access to state-of-the-art facilities, aiming to prepare students for critical jobs in science and innovation.
The MARATHON experiment has accessed new details about the particles that build our universe by comparing mirror nuclei helium-3 and tritium. The results provided a precise determination of the ratio of proton/neutron structure function ratios, offering new insights into the internal structures of protons and neutrons.
Scientists have discovered a new way to visualize the inner workings of simple atomic nuclei by analyzing photon-deuteron collisions. The study reveals the arrangement of gluons within deuterons, providing insights into the strong force that binds quarks together and holds protons and neutrons apart.
A new atomic nucleus, 149-Lutetium, has been synthesized at the University of Jyvaskyla, emitting protons with a record-breaking rate. This discovery provides exceptional decay properties and breaks previous records for half-life and decay energy.
A team led by Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Sansone used attosecond pulses to investigate the motion of electrons after photon absorption, finding they experience a complex landscape with potential peaks and valleys. This approach can be extended to more complex molecular systems, providing unprecedented temporal resolution.
An international team of scientists conducted the first experiment to explore magnetic monopoles using the Large Hadron Collider. They set reliable limits on the mass of magnetic monopoles and excluded their existence for lighter particles. The findings provide new constraints on the properties of possible magnetic monopoles.
Physicists have detected X particles in quark-gluon plasma produced in the Large Hadron Collider, a phenomenon that could reveal the particles' unknown structure. The discovery uses machine-learning techniques to sift through massive datasets and identify decay patterns characteristic of X particles.
Researchers at Michigan State University's National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory have created the world's lightest version of magnesium, a highly unstable isotope that can help scientists better understand how atoms are made. This breakthrough is part of a larger effort to refine theories and models that explain the formation o...
Physicists at Technical University of Munich discover potential existence of tetra-neutron, a bound state of four neutrons, which could significantly alter our understanding of nuclear forces. The experiment's results suggest a half-life of 450 seconds and stability comparable to the neutron.
Latifa Elouadrhiri received the 2021 Jesse W. Beams Research Award for her fundamental contributions to nuclear science. Her team made a groundbreaking measurement of proton pressure distribution, opening up new directions in particle physics research.
The University of California, Riverside, has been awarded a $980,000 grant from the Department of Energy to develop an AI-driven detector for the future Electron-Ion Collider. The team will use machine learning techniques to optimize detector design and achieve 'co-design,' a new concept in nuclear physics.
A team of researchers solved the case of zirconium-80's missing mass by combining experimental and theoretical approaches. They used NSCL's Penning trap mass spectrometer to measure the nucleus's mass with unprecedented precision, revealing new insights into its structure and properties.
Jacques Raynal's contributions to nuclear reaction formalism and codes have had a lasting impact on theory and experimental analysis. His work paved the way for future developments in concepts and numerical codes, enabling laboratories worldwide to calculate nuclear data evaluations.
Researchers at Michigan State University have successfully conducted an experiment using 'mirror nuclei' to study the fundamental physics of atoms and neutron stars. The team's findings have the potential to improve our understanding of neutron star sizes and provide new insights into the universe's most extreme environments.
A $3.7 million multicampus grant will train 32 graduate students in high-energy physics instrumentation, addressing a long-standing workforce training deficit in the field. The program, led by UC Davis, aims to prepare students for careers in academia, industry, or national laboratories.
Brookhaven Lab particle physicist Kétévi Assamagan has been elected as an APS Fellow for his significant contributions to the Standard Model Higgs boson research. He is also recognized for leading physics outreach programs, including founding the African School of Fundamental Physics and Applications.
Two researchers at Jefferson Lab, Todd Satogata and Paul Reimer, have been selected as 2021 APS Fellows for their outstanding contributions to nuclear physics. They were recognized for their work on particle accelerator science and research on the structure of the proton.
Researchers at RHIC's PHENIX Collaboration report new data on direct photons, revealing the potential to study gluons' transverse motion within protons. The measurements are 50 times more precise than previous data and validate the approach for future studies of proton spin and structure.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab discovered a thinner neutron skin around calcium nuclei than expected, contrasting with lead measurements. This finding presents an opportunity for further exploration into the underlying reasons for this difference.
A new experiment measures the neutron skin in a calcium nucleus, shedding light on proton-neutron interactions. The results will be presented at the 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics.
The latest results from the RHIC Spin Program provide new insights into the contribution of quarks and gluons to a proton's spin. Researchers at Brookhaven Lab have made significant progress in studying the three-dimensional internal structure of protons using collisions of spin-polarized protons at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ...
A team of researchers from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign used advanced machine learning to model the physico-chemical properties of a molten salt compound called FLiNaK, enabling accurate atomic-scale reproduction and prediction of behavior under specific reactor conditions. This computational framework can help character...
Researchers use advanced techniques to analyze ancient coins and paper money, shedding new light on historical events. They find that Emperor Nero was more fiscally responsible than often thought, while Benjamin Franklin played a key role in creating the US dollar.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory calculated moment tensors for 130 underground nuclear and 10 chemical tests to aid explosion monitoring. The study's database of carefully documented explosions will be useful for researchers, allowing them to distinguish explosions from earthquakes and estimate yield.
Scientists propose EicC to investigate quark and gluon contributions to nucleon spin and mass, as well as novel multi-particle dynamics. The recently released white paper outlines physics goals, detector design, and accelerator specifications.
Researchers developed a method to scale up nanocages to trap noble gases like krypton and xenon. The team used commercial materials and found the optimal temperature range for trapping gas atoms inside the cages.
Andrew Jackura, a postdoctoral researcher, aims to study the three-body problem, which explains strong nuclear interactions among three particles. He will use lattice QCD to investigate this complex phenomenon and ultimately understand how it contributes to nuclear binding.
Weizhi Xiong's PhD thesis on PRad experiment helped advance the understanding of the proton by measuring its charge radius with precision. The results agreed more closely with the new muonic measurement, but the puzzle persists due to slight differences between electron scattering results.
Chun Shen, a Wayne State University physics professor, has been awarded a $750,000 grant from the Department of Energy to study Quark-Gluon Plasma properties. His research aims to develop a new open-source framework to decode hot nuclear matter properties.
Researchers found that certain drugs can alter cell mechanical properties without reducing effectiveness, allowing for lower doses. The study used atomic force microscopy to measure cell rigidity and actin filament activity, enabling precise determination of optimal drug concentrations.
Researchers explore the relationship between free choice, locality, and causality using Bell's inequalities. They find that reality breaks these inequalities, prompting questions about local realism and experimenters' choices.
Experiments show that photon collisions lead to excess particles, previously unexplained. Theoretical description now includes photon interactions to explain data collected from LHC and RHIC collisions.
Scientists Simin Wang and Witold Nazarewicz develop a computer model to reconstruct protons inside the nucleus based on detector data, enabling predictions about nuclear behavior. The model helps understand rare nuclei decay by emitting pairs of particles.
Researchers at the University of Bath used resonance in spiraling neutron stars to measure symmetry energy, a key property of nuclear matter. This discovery sheds light on the fundamental workings of nuclei and offers insights into the forces that bind sub-atomic particles.
Researchers from IFJ PAN studied the changes in titanium dioxide's surface layers under different temperatures and atmospheres, shedding light on its electronic structure and physico-chemical properties. They also recreated the process of forming the rutile phase at lower temperatures than previously thought.
The HAWC Observatory has detected photons with energies of up to 200 TeV, a hundred trillion times greater than visible light. The source of these high-energy photons was identified as a nearby cloud of interstellar material surrounding a young star cluster.
The Cygnus Cocoon is found to be the most powerful of our galaxy's known natural particle accelerators, with photons recorded from energies up to one hundred teraelectronvolts. The HAWC observatory detected this phenomenon, suggesting that protons accelerated in stellar winds could be responsible for high-energy gamma photon emission.
Researchers analyze RHIC collision data to track transitions between nuclear phases, aiming to understand the universe's evolution and neutron star cores. The analysis reveals tantalizing signs of turbulence, hinting at a possible 'critical point' where quarks and gluons transform from one phase to another.
Researchers at the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics have created a flexible method to produce sol¬id, two-dimensional silica solvents, allowing for control over material properties and molecular structure. This breakthrough simplifies material design and synthesis.
The ATLAS experiment at the LHC has observed the creation of particle pairs from interacting photons, a unique and rare process. The detection was made possible by the AFP spectrometers, which track protons slightly deflected from the main beam, providing insight into the physics of high-energy collisions.