Articles tagged with Optical Materials
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have developed inorganic perovskite-based photodetectors that transfer both text and music, offering a promising material for future rapid optical communication. The new materials have rapid response times, are simple to manufacture, and are extremely stable.
Researchers have created designer materials that can be used in various photonic applications, outperforming individual metals like gold and silver. The materials exhibit tuned optical properties, enabling lighter load and enhanced power for Soldier devices.
Researchers from Far Eastern Federal University have developed a new type of optical ceramic material that outperforms commercial glass and single crystals in physical and mechanical characteristics. The innovative material, YAG:Nd with high neodymium ion concentration, enables faster synthesis and improved control over its functionality.
Researchers demonstrate large-scale fabrication of transparent conductive electrode film based on nanopatterned silver, offering high-performance and long-lasting option for use with flexible screens. The silver-based films could also enable flexible solar cells and improve existing flexible displays.
New nanoparticle-based films can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a small piece of film. The technology could enable tiny wearable devices that capture and store 3-D images with realistic detail.
Researchers at NRL have developed a method to reduce optical losses in hexagonal boron nitride devices, enabling more efficient lasers and nanoscale optics. This breakthrough has significant applications for ultra-high resolution microscopes, solar energy harvesting, optical computing, and targeted medical therapies.
Researchers from Russia, Sweden, and the US demonstrate a highly unusual optical effect by creating a transparent material that appears to absorb light. The material, made of a thin layer of a transparent dielectric, accumulates light energy through mathematical properties of the scattering matrix, making it appear perfectly absorbing.
INRS professors François Légaré and Federico Rosei have been elected OSA Fellows for their groundbreaking work in ultrafast molecular imaging and photonic materials development. The distinction reflects their leadership, publication record, and significant impact on optics and photonics research.
Researchers developed a single-step, laser-based method to produce hybrid microstructures of silver and silicone. These structures exhibit both electrical conductivity and flexibility, making them suitable for sensing mechanical forces and enabling new types of optical and electrical devices.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have developed a method to produce patterned monolayers that can perform multiple functions, such as catalyzing chemical reactions and sensing molecules. These materials offer a new option for device designers, allowing for the creation of single materials with two functionalities.
University of Leeds scientists have discovered a way to measure the strength of modern concrete forms using light-refracting coatings. The birefringent coating displays stress positions, allowing researchers to assess concrete toughness against fractures with high precision.
Scientists develop self-assembled organic molecular lattices with controlled geometry and atomic precision on top of graphene, inducing periodic potentials and unprecedented electrical, magnetic, piezoelectric, and optical functionalities. The approach allows for pre-programming and adjustment of the induced potentials.
A new type of light-enhancing optical cavity has been developed, representing a step toward brighter single-photon sources. This breakthrough could help propel quantum-based encryption and secure networks.
A team led by Professor Cordt Zollfrank from the Technical University of Munich created the first controllable random laser based on cellulose paper. The laser uses a biogenic structure to scatter light in different directions, but can still be controlled and localized.
A new semiconductor nanocomposite material can convert photons into mechanical motion, enabling microscopic robotic grippers and more efficient solar cells. The material's unique exciton resonance contributes to its extraordinary strength and optical absorption.
Researchers from Aalborg University have developed a heat-resistant device made of tungsten and alumina layers that can absorb sunlight across a broad spectrum, enabling more efficient energy conversion. The device can operate at high temperatures and absorb light from UV to near-infrared wavelengths.
Researchers developed a new method to kill bacteria in seconds using gold nanoparticles and light, outperforming traditional sterilization methods. The technique shows promise for biomedical applications, including reducing urinary tract infections and improving water quality.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have devised a method to trap and arrange nanoparticles in a way that mimics the atomic structure of diamond using DNA scaffolds. The technique, developed by Oleg Gang, employs fabricated DNA as a building material to organize nanoparticles into 3D spatial arrangements.
A special metal oxide glass created by researchers in China can effectively protect living cells and organic dyes from UV radiation damage. The glass uses self-limited nanocrystallization to block damaging ultraviolet rays and has high optical transparency.
Professor Nanfang Yu has received the DARPA Young Faculty Award to develop metasurface-based flat optical modulators. He aims to create high-speed, light-weight spatial light modulators (SLMs) with tunable materials for various applications including LIDAR and remote sensing.
Researchers have developed an open-source computational tool to calculate van der Waals forces between molecules and predict molecular organization. The software, Gecko Hamaker, enables the design and fabrication of new mesoscale systems with improved stability and functionality.
Researchers design multicomponent materials by combining molecular and structural properties to form a 3D architecture. The spatial distribution of molecules and electronic properties of building blocks significantly impact optical properties. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using active pharmaceutical ingredients as building...
Researchers have discovered a new material that combines light-emitting capabilities with shape-shifting characteristics. The material, known as organic 'supercooled' liquid, has potential applications in optical storage systems and biomedical sensors.
The project aims to synthesize different atomically thin two-dimensional semiconducting layers, which possess novel properties. The team will investigate the electronic properties of transition metal dichalcogenides in various layer configurations, with potential applications in photovoltaics and photoelectronics.
A review by Virginia Tech scientist Maren Roman highlights discrepancies in studies about cellulose nanocrystals' impact on the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and cells. More research is needed to determine their potential adverse health effects.
A new type of thin film, composed of both inorganic and organic materials, has been developed to create flexible and durable touch screens. The hybrid films show higher transparency and flexibility compared to traditional inorganic materials.
Jon Schuller, UCSB assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, is studying how light interacts with complex materials like plastics, which have unique optical properties. The research could lead to the development of new organic photonic devices with enhanced performance and low-cost semiconductors.
Researchers have developed bioinspired materials with potential applications in detecting heavy metals and fostering faster surgery recovery time. The materials interact with light to enable applications in therapy, biosensing, and bioimaging.
Researchers at Oxford University have developed a new discovery of nano-pixels that can be electrically switched on and off to create high-resolution images. The tiny 'nano-pixels' are just 300 nanometres in size and can be used for applications such as smart glasses, synthetic retinas, and foldable screens.
Bending nanomaterials can detach layers from each other, improving control over their electronic and optical properties. This discovery advances research in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics, allowing for more accurate interpretation and tuning of material properties.
Researchers use shrink wrap to boost signal of fluorescent markers in biosensing, enabling detection of infectious diseases with lower limits of detection. The technique could lead to a low-cost, highly sensitive diagnostic device using common, everyday materials.
Researchers developed a novel breathalyzer that uses a reusable, color-changing opal sensor to detect alcohol vapor concentration. The device can provide precise digital readings and is usable multiple times, making it a promising solution for police officers.
Researchers have deciphered the color-creating mechanisms in butterfly wings, revealing subtle differences in crystal parameters that result in stunningly varied patterns of color. These findings could inspire new hue-changing materials with designer properties.
Researchers have developed a new resin that can be molded into complex, highly conductive 3-D structures with features just a few micrometers across. The resin holds promise for making customized electrodes for fuel cells or batteries, as well as biosensor interfaces for medical uses.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have created a novel, ultra-sensitive tool for chemical, DNA, and protein analysis using nanoscale Lycurgus cup arrays. The sensor boasts 100 times better sensitivity than existing devices, enabling low-cost, simple, and sensitive detection methods.
A new type of detector harnessing the properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes may prove useful for various industrial and scientific applications. The detector eliminates the need for cooling systems, allowing for highly sensitive infrared detection.
Researchers have found a promising candidate for plasmonic materials in titanium nitride, enabling the transportation of plasmons and directing optical signals on the nanoscale. This discovery could lead to faster and more efficient optoelectronic devices with unprecedented speed and efficiency.
Duke researchers have developed exotic materials that can control light at will, allowing for the creation of holograms in the infrared range. The team's innovative approach enables a broad range of optical devices with complex properties, opening up new possibilities for advanced optics and optoelectronics.
The Optical Society published a Focus Issue on Liquid Crystal Materials for Photonic Applications, showcasing breakthroughs in reversible phototuning of lasing frequency and polymer-stabilized blue-phase liquid crystals. These advancements have significant implications for next-generation displays and optical devices.
Collective phenomena in nanoscale structures have applications in light generation, optical sensing and information processing. Researchers explore these effects to engineer novel devices with custom-designed optical, electronic and mechanical characteristics.
The journal Optical Materials Express has published a special Focus Issue on Nanoplasmonics and Metamaterials, highlighting recent advances in nano-optics. Researchers have successfully developed new optical materials and nanofabrication techniques to control light fields beyond the diffraction limit.
Beetle researchers have discovered that the unique structural arrangements of exo-skeletal chitin layers in their elytra create a metallic appearance by reflecting light through different refractive indices. This phenomenon enables the beetles to produce striking gold and silver colors, similar to those found in precious metals.
The new journal, Optical Materials Express, launched by OSA, explores the intersection of optics and materials science, offering rapid online publication and open-access features. The inaugural issue includes research on metamaterials, microlasers, and chiral optical materials.
Researchers at NIST have found a way to impart electron waves with high orbital momentum, enabling the study of wider range of materials with atomic-scale resolution. This technique has potential applications in imaging magnetic and biological materials.
Researchers have developed an organic material with high optical quality and strong ability to mediate light-light interaction, which can fill the slot between waveguides on integrated optical circuits. This innovation enables fast data processing in all-optical networks, potentially increasing internet speed.
Kumacheva has been recognized for her innovative research in designing new materials with applications in cancer treatments and optical data storage. Her work involves creating polymer particles that deliver drugs to specific diseased sites on demand.
Leading scientists Dr. Phaedon Avouris and Professor Tony Heinz were honored for their work on nanoscale carbon materials, showing promise for integrating electronics and optics. The research could enable faster calculations and solve electronics problems, with potential applications in photovoltaics, sensors, and medicine.
Phaedon Avouris and Tony Heinz's pioneering work on carbon nanotubes and graphene aims to develop a future nanoelectronic technology. Their research will benefit industries such as aviation, space, and medicine, with applications in high-speed electronics, communications systems, and sensors.
A team of Chinese scientists has developed an 'anti-cloak' material that can partially cancel the effect of invisibility cloaks, enabling visibility in hostile environments. This breakthrough could have implications for survival and detection applications.
Researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and MIT have created a quantum molecular dynamics simulation of a shocked explosive, revealing its chemical decomposition and transformation into a semi-metallic state. The study provides new insights into the microscopic properties of explosives during detonation.
Professor Andrew Steckl's innovative approach incorporates DNA from salmon sperm into light-emitting diodes, enhancing performance while reducing environmental impact. The technique involves trapping electrons longer, resulting in brighter colors and improved light efficiency.
Researchers at US DOE's Ames Laboratory have developed a material with a negative refractive index for visible light, marking a significant advance in the field of metamaterials. The silver-based mesh-like material has a refractive index of -0.6 at the red end of the visible spectrum.
Researchers at Kent State University develop negative index materials, rewriting the laws of optics and enabling super-resolution lenses, non-destructive optical tweezers, and more. The five-year project aims to create NIMs for visible light spectrum.
A team of scientists has successfully created a new material that induces magnetic vibrations at visible light frequencies, allowing for the creation of ultra-small optical lenses and miniature lasers. This breakthrough could lead to significant advancements in optics, optoelectronics, and biosensing.
The researchers have found donor-substituted cyanoethynylethene molecules exhibit one of the strongest nonlinear optical responses, approaching the fundamental quantum limit. These findings are promising for optical computing and all-optical networks, which could lead to more efficient ways to route signals and process information.
The Penn theorists describe how nanoscale particles of certain materials can work as circuit elements, enabling faster computer processors and exotic applications. The technology could also enable the creation of biological circuits and couple electronic signals to individual molecules.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have successfully achieved quantum entanglement of three electrons using ultrafast laser pulses and coherent techniques. This breakthrough could lead to the development of quantum gates necessary for storing and processing information in practical quantum computers, offering significantly enhan...
Researchers at Imperial College London developed a novel magnetic material dubbed 'Swiss Rolls' that guides radio-frequency magnetic flux in MRI scanners, producing undistorted images. The material's periodic array of structures helps direct magnetic flux from the body to receiver coils with minimal leakage.
A team of researchers at UCSB has built a device that can repeatedly detect the emission of a single photon, paving the way for unconditional security in communication. This achievement is crucial for quantum cryptography, which ensures the secrecy of information by altering the key upon eavesdropping.
Researchers have discovered a new method for measuring the molecular properties of materials, allowing them to study nanostructures in unprecedented detail. The Gradient-Field-Raman (GFR) spectroscopy technique reveals unique vibration patterns that couldn't be explained by previous methods.