Articles tagged with Particle Physics
Scientists successfully synthesize polymer nanoclusters and fibers at temperatures below 2K, opening up possibilities for creating new materials. The synthesis was achieved using a multimodal dusty plasma cooled by superfluid helium.
Researchers from the University of Chicago and the University of Bath used acoustic levitation to study the shape of prototypical clusters that form when particles are added one by one. They found that with six particles or more, different shapes can assemble, including parallelogram, chevron, and triangle configurations.
Researchers at the University of Bath use sound waves to levitate particles, discovering multiple shapes they can assemble into when brought together. The team found that changing sound-wave frequency can manipulate clusters and influence emergent shape.
A new study from Caltech reveals that dietary fiber plays a role in clumping gut particles, which may affect drug absorption and microbial populations. Longer fibers promote physical aggregation of particles, providing a potential mechanism for controlling particle behavior in the gut.
The SPHEREx mission, led by Caltech and managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, will conduct an all-sky spectroscopic mapping of the universe. Argonne researchers will contribute to the mission's cosmological simulations, galaxy identification, and large-scale structure analysis.
Research on dietary fiber polymers reveals they physically influence the small intestine environment by causing solid particles to group together. This aggregation can impact nutrient and drug absorption, highlighting a previously underappreciated role of dietary fibers in gut function.
Scientists have successfully created a holographic acoustic tweezers system that can trap and manipulate particles in three dimensions. This technology has potential applications in small-scale assembly and the creation of 3D displays with levitating voxels.
Wits physicists have developed a new device for manipulating and moving tiny objects, such as single cells in a human body or tiny particles in small volume chemistry, using the full beam of laser light. The device uses vector holographic trapping and tweezing to control and manipulate minute objects with high precision.
Physicists at the University of Warwick have developed a new test to spot quantum coherence in nature, which could lead to breakthroughs in quantum technologies like computers and sensors. The test clarifies the conditions under which biological systems may exploit quantum mechanics.
Researchers from UCL and University of Reading studied rapidly evolving aurora to understand energy release physics. They mapped back to where instabilities occur in space, gaining valuable physical clues.
Research team at Michigan Tech found wildfire aerosol particles remaining in atmosphere for up to a week, defying expectations of rapid oxidation. This discovery has significant implications for climate predictions and the role of aerosols in global warming.
Physicists have been debating whether Einstein's equivalence principle extends to the quantum world. A University of Queensland researcher and her team found that it does, with implications for our understanding of gravity and mass in quantum physics.
Chinese researchers developed interfacially polymerized porous polymer particles for efficient separation of low-abundance glycopeptides. The particles use hydrophilic-hydrophobic heterostructured nanopores to separate biomolecules, overcoming existing challenges in homogeneous porous materials.
Researchers have developed new magnetic Janus particles for efficient oil-water separation. The particles separate micro-scaled oil droplets from water rapidly and efficiently, achieving high separation efficiency.
Researchers propose creating and analyzing new systems governed by entanglement properties directly connected to the original ones, making it easier to quantify experimentally. This innovative approach can be carried out in several experimental conditions, from atomic systems to superconducting circuits.
Physicists at FAU have demonstrated that macroscopic particles rotating in opposite directions form homogeneous groups. The researchers used miniature robots manufactured using 3D printing methods for their experiment. After only one minute, single domains were clearly visible, and after 15 minutes, the robots had almost entirely demixed.
Researchers developed an algorithm to simulate molecular dynamics of patchy particles, which are made up of a rigid body with only two charged patches. The findings provide new insights into what makes biological entities like protein/DNA combinations self-assemble.
Researchers at Emory University found that a system of lifeless particles can change between crystalline and fluid states, mimicking collective behavior seen in living systems. This phenomenon occurs when the environment remains stable, suggesting that complex properties can emerge from simple systems.
Researchers at Imperial College London have discovered a novel water droplet behavior that allows some droplets to form 'crowns' around particles, enabling efficient liquid deposition and coating. This breakthrough has implications for industrial spray drying methods used in detergent and instant coffee production.
A team led by a Princeton University graduate student has developed a unique simulation of magnetic reconnection in space plasmas, which could lead to improved forecasts of space weather events. The new model approximates kinetic effects using fluid equations and agrees better with kinetic models than traditional simulations.
A study by Northwestern University researchers found that the concentration of ultrafine particles less than 50 nanometers in diameter rose when drivers switched from ethanol to gasoline, but decreased when they switched back. This shift had a significant impact on air quality, with potential health benefits
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London discovered a 'gap' in liquid wave spectra, allowing only short-wavelength solid-like waves to propagate. This finding paves the way for developing a consistent theory of liquids and has implications for industrial processes.
A team of researchers, led by Sho Yaida, have found a phase transition in glasses using infinite-dimensional calculations. This discovery could significantly change the properties of glasses at low temperatures, affecting their response to heat, sound and stress.
The study simulates a complex quantum system that mimics classical physics and creates a 'necklace-like' state with spin-orbit coupling. The researchers found that there must always be an odd number of pearls in the necklace, depending on the strength of the spin-orbit coupling.
Researchers at Australian National University have found a more efficient way to pack spherical particles, such as grains and pills, into ordered patterns. This breakthrough could lead to improved storage and delivery of pharmaceuticals, as well as innovative methods for building on sand.
The Frontiers Spotlight Award recognizes outstanding research on topics such as brain augmentation, ocean conservation and child development through motor skills. The US$100,000 prize will support the winning team's international conference in 2018.
Researchers have observed a real-time decrease in Asian dust depolarization, attributed to the coating of an air pollutant like Ca(NO3)2. This finding highlights the importance of internally mixed 'quasi-spherical' Asian dust particles as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN).
Physicists at Washington State University have created a fluid with negative mass, defying Newton's Second Law of Motion. By cooling rubidium atoms to absolute zero, they were able to create a state where the particles behave like waves and synchronize in unison, resulting in negative mass.
Physicists at NIST have confirmed that particles of matter can exhibit 'spooky action' through quantum entanglement. The experiment closed two loopholes in conventional Bell tests, demonstrating the high quality of entangled states.
Physicists have developed a new feedback controller to control fusion plasma energy and rotation. The algorithm uses sensors, algorithms, and actuators to modify the plasma's rotation profile and stored energy.
Two UCSB faculty members, Stefano Tessaro and Andrea Young, have been selected as recipients of the prestigious Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship for their outstanding contributions to cryptography and condensed matter physics. The fellowships will support their research efforts in building solid theoretical foundations for cryptogra...
A team of researchers has created a fully biocompatible motility engine using synthetic active filaments, outperforming conventional methods in transporting tiny cargo. The design's efficiency and speed capabilities have significant implications for targeted drug delivery, insemination, and therapeutic interventions.
Researchers used fractional calculus to model crowds as cost-minimizing agents who interact cooperatively or competitively, leading to realistic simulations of emergency exit scenarios and real-world data comparisons.
Hugh E. Montgomery, Jefferson Lab director and president of Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, has been recognized for his outstanding leadership and distinguished research in high-energy physics. The Institute of Physics awards the Glazebrook Medal annually to individuals who display exceptional contributions to the physics community.
A collaborative research centre at the University of Konstanz is studying directional properties of particles and their superstructures. The SFB 1214 aims to create a new generation of materials with tailor-made properties by controlling particle arrangement.
Physicists have developed a way to differentiate between the active motions of living cells and those driven by random molecular movements. The method uses video imaging and analysis to identify non-equilibrium systems in living organisms.
Researchers at UC San Diego found that DNA segments become jammed within viruses when sticky, causing the DNA to behave like LEGO pieces. Adding polyamines can cause viral DNA to become jammed and halt packaging.
Researchers from the University of Surrey have discovered a new physical mechanism that separates particles according to their size during the drying of wet coatings. This 'self-layering' process creates two layers with independent properties, which could improve the performance of coatings across industries.
Researchers successfully simulated the Unruh effect using an NMR quantum simulator, replicating theoretical predictions and creating new quantum correlations. The study paves the way for exploring accelerated systems in black hole physics, cosmology, and particle physics.
Researchers used infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry to study the interaction between probe molecules and oxide surfaces. They found that surface layers behave like glass-forming liquids, with density and dynamic behavior influencing interactions.
Researchers at St John's College, University of Cambridge, developed a computer program that can answer the mind-bending puzzle of arranging 128 soft spheres. The solution, 10^250, vastly exceeds the total number of particles in the universe and has implications for understanding configurational entropy and its applications in physics ...
Researchers at PPPL developed a new model explaining how magnetic islands cool in tokamaks, leading to the density limit. This finding could lead to steps to overcome the barrier and improve fusion efficiency.
A new Mainz-based Emmy Noether independent junior research group aims to explain the principles behind the transport and controlled arrangement of colloidal particles. The goal is to combine microfluidics and self-assembly in soft materials for a more profound understanding and new uses.
Physicists at MIT have found a phenomenon described as a 'ring of exceptional points' produced by the Dirac cone, potentially leading to applications in powerful lasers and precise optical sensors. The discovery represents the first experimental demonstration of this phenomenon.
A CU-Boulder-led study has discovered a permanent, lopsided dust cloud enveloping the moon. The cloud is composed of tiny dust grains kicked up by high-speed interplanetary dust particles, and its density increases during annual events like the Geminid meteor showers.
KAIST researchers create a novel technique for precisely tracking the 3D positions of optically trapped particles with complicated geometry. The Optical Diffraction Tomography (ODT) method measures 3D images in high speed, enabling the visualization and analysis of particles in various fields.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology discovered that a cloud of atoms can exhibit multiple temperatures at once. The experiment utilized a microchip to cool the gas near absolute zero, allowing scientists to measure its behavior. This breakthrough helps understand the fundamental laws of quantum physics and their relationship...
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed nanoparticles that can interact with oil-water interfaces without clumping together. By measuring pressure and density, they've established universal rules governing the physics of these systems, which could lead to advances in nanomanufacturing, catalysis, and photonic devices.
Researchers at OIST create non-spherical particles using a simple and low-cost method that can be scaled up for various industries. The study reveals four possible shapes: ellipsoid, mushroom, flake-like, and disc, with applications in food processing, cosmetics, and drug delivery systems.
Texas-based Shackleton Energy Company plans to mine lunar water ice and convert it into rocket propellant, with Moon Express also interested in using the resource as fuel. Meanwhile, China is making headway in mining rare-earth elements on the Moon, sparking interest in establishing a human settlement.
Researchers at NYU have developed a method to monitor microscopic particles' properties during chemical reactions, enabling improved product design and production. This technique offers benefits for various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
Researchers at City College of New York have discovered a new type of quantum particle that combines light and matter properties. This breakthrough could lead to the development of devices that utilize both light and matter, potentially revolutionizing computing and communication technologies.
Researchers used NASA wind tunnel to study threshold speeds for particle movement on Titan, finding higher speeds than predicted from Earth-based models. The findings can help understand atmospheric forces on icy moons and planets with thin or thick atmospheres.
Physicists in Innsbruck developed a new quantum error-correcting method and tested it experimentally. The topological code arranges qubits on a two-dimensional lattice to detect and correct general errors. This approach could lead to a robust quantum computer performing any number of operations without being impeded by errors.
The team of researchers used innovative simulation methods to gain a deeper understanding of finite-size corrections in interfacial tension calculations. Their work will enable more accurate predictions and help analyze interfacial tension with high precision using simulations.
The CCNY team created a model that predicts how resistance changes in relation to stirring speed, which can help improve the processing of materials in suspension. The model modifies classical fluid mechanics approaches to include forces resulting from friction, allowing for accurate reproduction of experimental observations.
Water in cells slows down in tight spaces between proteins, affecting binding sites for pharmaceuticals and disease progression. The findings provide insights into how proteins aggregate in diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Scientists at DIII-D National Fusion Facility shed light on mechanisms that eject fast ions from plasma, enabling detailed tests of models predicting these effects in future reactors. By analyzing particle interactions with multiple waves, researchers gain unprecedented insight into fundamental wave-particle physics.
French researchers' oil-bath experiments provide evidence of wave-particle duality on a macroscopic scale. However, the phenomenon fails to explain entanglement, a key aspect of quantum theory.
Researchers have developed large area picosecond photodetectors that can measure particle speed with sub-picosecond resolution and spatial precision measured in micrometers. The detectors use Atomic Layer Deposition technique and have potential applications in high-energy physics, medical imaging, and homeland security.