Articles tagged with Particle Physics
Researchers detect a unique binding mechanism between a small ion and a gigantic Rydberg atom, defying classical expectations of particle size. The molecular bond forms when the charged ion deforms the large Rydberg atom, allowing it to form an unusual molecule.
Researchers at Dartmouth have built the world's first superfluid circuit using pairs of ultracold electron-like atoms, allowing for controlled exploration of exotic materials like superconductors. The circuit enables analysis of electron movement in highly controllable settings.
A study by Bocconi University researchers finds that employees are more likely to share internal knowledge when they feel part of an organization, but rather pass it to competitors. The study's findings suggest that managing organizational climate can prevent knowledge spillovers and maintain competitive advantage.
Physicists at the University of Bayreuth introduce power functional theory to precisely describe many-particle systems' dynamics over time. The theory generalizes classical density functional theory and applies to thermal disequilibrium systems.
A POSTECH research team has developed a platform that can control and measure the properties of solid materials with light. This breakthrough enables the manipulation of quantum states in solids, which can be effectively used in quantum systems.
Physicists from Cracow-based Institute of Nuclear Physics found that the proton's charm structure might affect our understanding of cosmic neutrinos. Recent LHCb detector measurements support a model with a higher charm quark contribution, which could mislead astronomers about high-energy neutrino origins.
Researchers from Mexico and Poland discover fragments of a proton's interior exhibit maximum entanglement, affecting theoretical predictions. The study relates this phenomenon to concepts like entropy and temperature, previously linked to exotic objects like black holes.
A study by Sibani Lisa Biswal and Kedar Joshi shows that magnetically driven colloidal suspensions exhibit behavior consistent with the principles of classical thermodynamics, including vapor pressure, viscosity, and surface tension. The researchers' findings have implications for designing materials with reconfigurable properties.
Researchers at Brookhaven Lab propose a cosmological phase transition as the key to supermassive black hole formation in the early universe. This process, facilitated by ultralight dark matter particles, enabled efficient collapse of matter into black holes.
Researchers using machine learning methods risk underestimating uncertainties in their final results due to decorrelation with imperfections in simulations. This could weaken or bias classifier algorithms' ability to identify fundamental particles.
Researchers have imaged and measured the two parts of a unique particle called moiré exciton, extending their lifespan. They found that excitons are localized in tiny pockets of around 1.8 nanometers, forming in places where energy is minimal.
Researchers at Politecnico di Milano have discovered a new type of phase transition in a quasi-crystal made of laser light, allowing for the simultaneous control and modification of its properties. This breakthrough could lead to the development of novel materials with unprecedented flexibility and controllability.
Scientists have developed a new spectroscopy technique to directly measure the binding energy of biexcitons in WS2, providing insights into their dynamics and characteristic energy scales. The findings inform the development of novel devices such as compact lasers and chemical sensors.
Research simulations show cloth masks filter out only 10% of airborne particles, making them ineffective against airborne viral transmission. The study recommends using N95s or FFP2s for mask protection instead.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory discovered how microparticles can change direction when an electric stimulus is interrupted and reapplied with the same orientation. This emergent behavior has potential applications in microfluidic pumps for biomedical, chemical, and electronics applications.
Physicists at the Polish Academy of Sciences have observed 'tennis-like' vibrations in lead nuclei excited by high-energy proton collisions, a phenomenon previously seen only once over three decades ago. The researchers used advanced detectors to measure gamma quanta and confirm oscillations in the nucleus.
Scientists have discovered a new type of skyrmion with half-integer topological numbers in a ferromagnetic superfluid, challenging the current understanding of these phase defects. This discovery could lead to a major breakthrough in skyrmion research and its applications in particle physics and spintronics.
The KATRIN experiment has achieved a new upper limit on neutrino mass of 0.8 eV, entering the cosmologically and particle-physically important sub-eV mass range. This is the first time that a direct neutrino mass experiment has reached this sensitivity.
Physicists have measured the oscillation frequency of Bs0 mesons with unprecedented accuracy, revealing that they oscillate between matter and antimatter three trillion times per second. This measurement agrees with quantum mechanics predictions and narrows search areas for particles undescribed by the Standard Model.
Researchers used a COLTRIMS reaction microscope to determine the duration of an electron's release after photon absorption. The study found that the emission time depends on the direction and velocity of the electron, revealing a complex interplay between quantum physics and molecular dynamics.
The team's achievement marks a significant step towards discovering physical phenomena where symmetry breaks down, which could explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. The researchers plan to use the new optical clock to search for time symmetry violation and make large steps towards discovery.
A team of Brown University physicists has developed a technique to harness the behavior of skyrmions to generate millions of true random digits per second. By measuring the fluctuation in skyrmion size, they can produce pseudorandom numbers that are useful for applications such as data security.
A new compression algorithm using deep learning enables accurate modeling of light scattering by non-spherical particles. The developed method reduces the file size to 20MB, making it 7000 times smaller than the original database.
Physicists at MIT have discovered a new type of qubit, where vibrating pairs of fermions can exist in two states at the same time. The qubits can maintain this state for up to 10 seconds, making them a promising foundation for quantum computers.
A research team has successfully visualized the 3D structure of human chromosomes using coherent X-rays, revealing a fractal structure and providing insights into genetic information transmission. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding genetics and uncovering the structures of other materials like viruses.
Researchers at GIST used ultrafast X-ray pulses to study warm dense copper electrons, revealing that bonds harden before melting. The findings could improve understanding of extraordinary material properties and their underlying mechanisms.
Researchers at MIT have directly observed the interplay of interactions and quantum mechanics in a rotating fluid of ultracold atoms. The team created a spinning cloud of sodium atoms, which formed a needle-like structure before breaking into a crystalline pattern resembling miniature quantum tornadoes.
Physicists at Technical University of Munich discover potential existence of tetra-neutron, a bound state of four neutrons, which could significantly alter our understanding of nuclear forces. The experiment's results suggest a half-life of 450 seconds and stability comparable to the neutron.
A research team at Osaka University successfully generated megatesla magnetic fields through three-dimensional particle simulations on laser-matter interaction. The strength of MT magnetic fields is significantly stronger than geomagnetism, enabling laboratory experiments that were previously thought impossible.
Researchers developed a molecular device that converts infrared light to visible light, expanding detection capabilities. The device uses tiny vibrating molecules and metallic nanostructures to enhance conversion efficiency.
An international research team has measured neutron form factors with previously unattained precision, filling a blank space on the map. The new data provides a more comprehensive picture of the neutron's size and lifetime, and reveals oscillating patterns in its form factor.
The study applies deductive reasoning and particle physics principles to establish a common framework for aging research. This framework could benefit the field by providing a shared understanding of aging's complex processes, allowing researchers to design longevity interventions.
Physicists from HSE University and MIPT discovered a correlation between Martian dust storms and Schumann resonances. The study suggests that electric fields in the Martian atmosphere may induce standing electromagnetic waves, similar to those on Earth.
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba have created a method to grow conducting polymers with magnetic properties using harmless virus particles as templates. The resulting polymer networks exhibit helical antiferromagnetic behavior, opening doors for applications in biosensors and virus detection.
A team of physicists has discovered how DNA molecules self-organize into adhesive patches between particles in response to assembly instructions. This breakthrough enables the creation of materials with tailored structures and customizable properties.
Researchers at the University of Groningen have successfully trapped molecules of strontium fluoride, setting a new record for molecular trapping. This achievement is significant because it allows scientists to investigate the fundamental laws of the universe, including the asymmetry between matter and anti-matter.
Researchers used particle-based flow simulations to model social distance and its impact on pedestrian flow dynamics. The study found that even modest densities can cause large-scale 'traffic jams,' highlighting the need for nuanced policies in public spaces.
Researchers at Indiana University have made the world's most precise measurement of a neutron's lifetime, improving upon previous measurements by more than two-fold. The study provides new insights into the nature of the universe, including the possibility of dark matter and the formation of atomic nuclei.
Researchers from McGill University found that unmasked individuals can spread COVID-19 airborne particles up to 70% within a 2-meter radius, highlighting the need for mask-wearing and ventilation. The study suggests that current guidelines relying solely on physical distancing may not be sufficient to prevent transmission.
The 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics presents cutting-edge research on nuclear astrophysics, quantum technology, and rare isotopes. Researchers will discuss breakthroughs such as the most precise measurement of neutron lifetime and novel experiments measuring neutron skin in calcium.
The University of Kansas is leading a $250,000 project to support strategic links among US and international research networks in nuclear physics. The Accelerating Research through International Network-to-Network Collaborations (AccelNet) program aims to tackle grand scientific challenges with coordinated international effort.
Physicists have successfully tested the theory of generalized hydrodynamics in one-dimensional gases, demonstrating its accuracy in simulating out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. This breakthrough could greatly simplify the study of such systems and eventually inform the development of quantum-based technologies.
Scientists from RIKEN have developed a new cooling method that enables more precise measurements of protons and antiprotons' magnetic moment. This breakthrough uses sympathetic cooling to reach temperatures close to absolute zero, significantly improving the precision of previous experiments.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba successfully grow a Li@C60 film on a copper surface, studying its molecular orbitals and enabling transport of electrons. The new method uses a salt with a larger, less strongly bound anion to form a stable monolayer.
A study by NYU Abu Dhabi researchers reveals the connection between central supermassive blackholes and the evolution of their host galaxies. The findings outline gas ejection mechanisms and how they relate to the activity of these blackholes, shedding new light on galaxy evolution.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic found that wearing masks and maintaining physical distance significantly reduce the spread of COVID-19. The study showed that both disposable paper medical masks and two-layer cloth masks were effective in blocking aerosol particles, with increased distance reducing particle counts to near baseline levels.
Researchers have discovered two distinct groups of trans-Neptunian objects with different surface colors exhibit vastly different orbital patterns. This new information can be compared to models of the solar system to provide fresh insights into its early chemistry and the formation of the Kuiper Belt.
Researchers found that normal breathing indoors without a mask can transport virus-laden saliva droplets up to 7.2 feet in just 90 seconds. Masks significantly restrict this movement, reducing the distance to less than 6 feet after two minutes.
Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University used super-resolution machine learning to study phase transitions by simulating tiny arrays and then generating a larger estimate. This technique allows for massive computational cost savings, enabling the study of complex materials behavior.
David Moutard, a Wayne State University graduate student, has been selected to participate in the Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) program. He will conduct research at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and study transient astronomical events, including supernovae and tidal disruption events.
Researchers are analyzing the emergence and spread of infectious aerosols in human breath to understand why some people spread diseases more easily. The team is developing simulation models to predict aerosol distribution and develop medications that can reduce aerosol formation.
Researchers found that portable HEPA air purifiers can significantly reduce in-air aerosols and spread of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting optimal placement directly in front of the person or instrument expelling aerosols. A ventilation rate of 288 cubic meters per hour is recommended for each person within the room.
Scientists used laser imaging and fluorescent particles to study water flow in tire grooves, finding vortices and bubbles that can contribute to hydroplaning. The study's findings may help improve tread designs to counteract this phenomenon.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have determined a minimum time for transporting cesium atoms using quantum mechanics. The study reveals that complex operations are limited by both energy uncertainty and the number of intermediate states, with implications for quantum computing.
A team of researchers used a quantum computer to explore non-Hermitian quantum mechanics and demonstrated experimental results that are forbidden by regular Hermitian quantum theory. They also showed that entanglement can be altered in a way that is not possible under regular quantum physics.
Researchers used advanced computational fluid dynamics tools to study the transmission of COVID-19 in a restaurant outbreak. The simulations revealed two potential transmission pathways, including those caused by aerosols rising from beneath tables and reentry aerosols associated with limited air conditioner filtration efficiency.
Researchers discovered that amphipods can close their claws in under 0.01% of a second, generating high-energy water jets and audible pops. The tiny creatures' fast movements defy physics laws, with potential applications for engineers and designers.
Researchers have developed physics-based technologies to study virus reproduction, revealing dynamic processes like self-assembly. These findings may lead to the development of new antiviral drugs that disrupt critical steps in the virus cycle.
Researchers from the University of Münster and Düsseldorf provide an in-depth summary of the dynamical density functional theory, a method used to describe interacting particles. The article covers various branches of physics and applications in chemistry, solid state physics, and biophysics.
Researchers use a commercial hand-held particle counter to measure aerosol concentrations, finding results match laboratory-based techniques. This method helps determine infection risks and assesses the impact of ventilation improvements.