Articles tagged with Particle Physics
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania discovered that changing particle shape can disrupt the coffee ring effect, a ring-shaped stain left after coffee drops evaporate. By using non-spherical particles, they found that it's possible to eliminate this phenomenon and achieve uniform coating deposition.
Physicists at the University of Innsbruck have achieved a major breakthrough in quantum computation by entangling 14 calcium atoms. This represents a significant increase from their previous record of eight particles and opens up new possibilities for faster computing, atomic clocks, and quantum simulations.
New York University physicists have developed a method for packing microscopic spheres that can improve various commercial products, such as pharmaceutical lotions and ice cream. The researchers manipulated the properties of emulsions using statistical mechanics and depletion attraction to create materials with desired properties.
The study used an extensional rheometer to measure flow properties of complex fluids, revealing intriguing effects depending on concentration and velocity. At high speeds, the fluid can fracture like a solid, behaving like a jammed system with clusters locking together.
Researchers discover biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles formed from vegetation are solid and glass-like, affecting their ability to absorb water and act as cloud nuclei. This finding redirects the atmospheric fine particle research worldwide.
Physicists at NYU have created colloidal dispersions with programmable particle interactions, offering opportunities for engineering smart composite particles and new functional materials. The 'lock and key' mechanism allows specific particles to join together based on shape, marking a next step in understanding self-assembly processes.
Scientists at ESCPI conducted an experiment to focus light through opaque materials and detect objects hidden behind them. They used a numerical model called a transmission matrix to tailor a beam of light specifically to pass through the material and focus on the other side.
Researchers have discovered that heat can aid in low-power data storage by harnessing random thermal motions. This breakthrough could lead to magnetic memory that operates at significantly lower power than conventional devices.
A team of solar physicists has developed a revised model explaining the unexpected 'ribbon' of bright emission observed by NASA's IBEX mission. The new effect, known as the magnetic mirror effect, suggests that charged particles orbiting magnetic field lines can be recycled and detected by IBEX.
Chemists have successfully designed and observed custom-shaped microparticles interacting and self-assembling in a controlled manner within a liquid crystal. The discovery opens up possibilities for the creation of larger-scale assemblies with various applications in photonics, optical communication networks, and other fields.
The Penn team demonstrated a novel method for controlled formation of patchy particles using charged, self-assembling molecules. The positive electrical charges of calcium ions form bridges between negatively-charged polymers, creating patchy structures that can be used as drug-delivery vehicles or in small batteries.
The Richard E. Prange Prize, established by the University of Maryland's Department of Physics and Condensed Matter Theory Center, honors the late Professor Richard Prange's distinguished career. Philip W. Anderson, a pioneering theorist and Nobel laureate, is the inaugural recipient of the prize.
Researchers at New York University have developed a model to accurately count sweets in a jar by studying the geometry of packing from a 'granocentric' view. The model captures the connectivity and density of sphere packings, allowing for the estimation of packing density and subsequently, the number of sweets in the jar.
Physicists at University of Bristol and Imperial College London develop new method using 'spooky action' to identify quantum black boxes, overcoming fundamental limitations. This breakthrough has significant implications for future quantum computing and information science.
Scientists at North Carolina State University have developed Janus particles, microscopic spheres with different material properties on either side, which can move and respond to changes in their environment. The phenomenon, called induced-charge electrophoresis, has potential applications in microactuators, sensors, and drug delivery.
Cosmology@Home allows people worldwide to participate in cutting-edge cosmology research by donating their unused computing cycles. Participating computers calculate the observable predictions of millions of theoretical models with different parameters, which are then compared with actual data.
Researchers have designed and mass-produced billions of fluorescent microscale particles in the shapes of all 26 letters of the alphabet. The 'LithoParticles' can be used to mark individual cells, create tiny pumps, motors or containers with medical and security applications.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis analyze comet samples and discover a unique result: the presence of 'real' stardust particles older than the sun. This finding provides key insights into the composition and origin of comets, shedding light on their role in the solar system's formation.
Researchers have created Janus particles with dissimilar sides, enabling the measurement of rotational dynamics and creation of microsensors. These particles can be used to study Brownian motion and manipulate particles using electrical fields and magnetic fields.
Scientists measured how tiny spheres in turbulent water separate based on initial distance, revealing particles obey Batchelor dispersion initially before transitioning to Richardson-Obukhov law behavior. The findings can improve models of pollutant dispersion and help explain crustacean navigation using odors.
Physicists at Rutgers University have rewritten the classical understanding of quantum statistical physics by finding a simpler way to derive a mathematical formula. The discovery, published in Physical Review Letters, could lead to rewrites of tomorrow's physics textbooks.
Researchers at NYU studied the movement of polymer beads in a viscous fluid and found that low concentrations could be reversed, but higher concentrations led to irreversible behavior. This phenomenon is caused by extreme sensitivity to small changes in particle positions, making it a key finding for understanding chaotic systems.
Case researchers Ramani Pilla, Catherine Loader, and Cyrus Taylor discover a method to find needles in haystacks using geometric approaches. They test their technique with computer simulations, demonstrating its ability to significantly increase detection probabilities.
Duke researchers create a mathematically nimble way to follow the transfer of forces through a laboratory version of a granular mass, revealing the existence of long-range force chains. The new technique allows for quantitative analysis of force dynamics in granular materials.
Researchers have devised a thermometer that can measure granular temperature based on the degree of agitation of its component particles. The discovery could lead to better understanding of powders and particulate materials in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, and construction.
Researchers at Washington University have discovered that organic carbon and amorphous silicates in interstellar grains embedded within interplanetary dust particles are the carriers of the astronomical 2175 Å extinction line. This finding solves a 40-year-old mystery, providing evidence for the origins of this feature.
The 'tango array' device can sort particles ranging from bacterial cells to DNA segments in a matter of seconds, distinguishing them by size. This breakthrough technology has the potential to greatly accelerate biological research and replace some centrifuge devices.
Princeton physicists Paul Chaikin and Salvatore Torquato used M&Ms to investigate the physical principles behind particle packing. They found that oblate spheroids can pack up to 68% of the container's space, exceeding the density of perfect spheres.
A team of Cornell physicists and engineers are developing an instrument that can track hundreds of particles simultaneously, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of turbulent flows. The technology has the potential to improve climate models and predict how pollutants disperse in air or water.
Researchers have discovered that forces within granular materials decrease as they slide, but are then transferred to a network of 'force chains' that increase in strength. This new understanding could improve modeling of geological systems and design of industrial devices such as hoppers.
Researchers have found that highly connected proteins are unlikely to interact with each other, a phenomenon that helps reduce interference and increase stability in protein networks. This discovery was made possible by computer modeling of protein interactions in yeast cells, which revealed an
Researchers measured entropic forces exerted by rod-shaped viruses on particles in water, revealing additional effects of flexibility. The findings suggest that flexible viruses can effectively occupy more space, driving rearrangements in the system and increasing attraction between spheres.
Researchers compared two measuring techniques to quantify the effects of atmospheric particles on climate change. They found agreement between methods within 20% during polluted conditions, paving the way for more accurate global measurements.
Researchers compared local and remote aerosol measurement techniques to better understand their chemistry and physics. The study used a combination of ground-based instruments and satellite lidar to analyze pollution levels and their impact on climate change.
Researchers found that aged varnish molecules contribute to the typical yellow discoloration of old-master paintings. The study suggests that larger molecules in the varnish layer are harder to dissolve during restoration processes.
Researchers have found that tiny air pollutant particles can penetrate deeper into the lungs of healthy adults, potentially threatening their health. The study suggests that these particles can move up to two times faster through the airways than previously assumed, with implications for public health and environmental regulations.
Researchers at Duke University discovered that granular particles can form dramatic chains to relieve stress, leading to potential explanations for self-destruction in passive containers. The study may also shed light on natural phenomena like earthquakes and the behavior of materials under low gravity.
The vaccine aims to prevent HPV-related warts and cervical cancer in women, with 5,000 deaths occurring annually in the US. The study will verify safety and immune response, paving the way for a broader vaccine protecting against multiple HPV types.