Articles tagged with Voltage
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Duke University have observed the deformation of water droplets within polymers when exposed to high electric voltages. The droplets transform from a spherical shape to a tubular shape, leading to material failure and potential applications in tunable lenses for eyes.
A new thruster design, developed by MIT, uses 500 microscopic tips to create a small puff of charged particles that can help propel small satellites forward. The microthrusters have the potential to enable CubeSats to change orbits and reduce space clutter by propelling them down to lower orbits where they can burn up.
A pre-cracked parallel-plate capacitor model is developed to analyze the role of electrostatic tractions in fracture and electric sticking behaviors. The study reveals a new fracture criterion based on energy release rate and crack opening, showing bifurcation behavior between mechanical and electric displacements.
Researchers create three-dimensional 'maps' of children's hearts to identify abnormal electrical pathways, allowing for more precise ablation procedures to correct rapid heart rhythms.
Researchers have designed an ultracapacitor that maintains a near-constant voltage, enabling its use in low-voltage electric vehicle circuits and handheld electronics. The device achieves this through an electromechanical system that slowly lifts the core out of the electrolyte solution as charge is released.
Researchers at the National Physical Laboratory have created an electron pump nano-device that can manipulate individual electrons to create a well-defined electrical current. The device achieves this by speeding up the rate of pumping electrons while maintaining accuracy, surpassing previous records.
Ohio State University researchers have discovered a way to amplify the spin-Seebeck effect, producing more electrical power in a non-magnetic semiconductor. The resulting voltages are tiny but promise a 1-million-fold increase in power, enabling low-cost and efficient solid-state engines that convert heat to electricity.
Researchers demonstrate carbon nanotube-based integrated circuits that work under low supply voltages, producing less heat and extending Moore's Law. The results offer promise for increasing circuit density without overheating.
Researchers at University College London have discovered a new property of flames that allows for the control of reactions at solid surfaces, opening up new fields of chemical innovation. This breakthrough has significant implications for future technologies, including air quality detection and greenhouse gas management.
The Enriched Xenon Observatory 200 has detected no evidence of neutrinoless double-beta decay, ruling out a previous controversial result. The detector has also narrowed down the mass of the neutrino to less than 140-380 thousandths of an electronvolt.
Scientists at Linköping University have developed a method to precisely control the threshold voltage of plastic transistors, a crucial property for their use in logic circuits. By modifying the gate electrode material, they were able to reduce the threshold voltage by up to 0.9V.
Researchers from California and Japan have devised a new LED design that avoids efficiency droop, a major problem limiting solid-state lighting growth. The breakthrough could lead to more energy-efficient and affordable LED lighting, with potential applications in household bulbs.
Researchers at Linköping University have identified 20 molecular interactions in voltage sensors that lead to pore opening, shedding light on a key mechanism. The study's findings are crucial for developing new medicines targeting electrical excitability disorders.
MIT researchers develop techniques to address limitations of current bus-based communication systems in multicore chips. Virtual bypassing and low-swing signaling allow for faster data transmission and reduced energy consumption, promising significant improvements in chip efficiency.
Researchers have developed a simple and effective approach to reduce the threshold voltage of pentacene thin film transistors, while maintaining high mobility. By inserting a thin metal phthalocyanine interlayer, they achieved significant performance enhancement, including reduced threshold voltage and increased carrier mobility.
A research team has generated flying 'qubits' that can define more than two states, potentially increasing computational power. They used semiconductors to create quantum bits with clear states suitable for encoding information.
Researchers have created a new lithography strategy that allows for dynamic generation of various patterns on large areas of soft plastics or polymers. This enables rapid switching between different textures, such as smooth to rough and back again, with fast timescales of milliseconds.
Researchers have discovered unexpected superconductivity in a type of compound at higher pressures, contradicting earlier findings. The study reveals a transition temperature that disappears and reappears under extreme pressure conditions, sparking further research into its causes.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine have created new fast-acting fluorescent dyes that optically highlight electrical activity in neuronal membranes. This breakthrough addresses a long-standing challenge in neuroscientists' ability to accurately measure and visualize small voltage changes between neurons.
The Fermi team has discovered hundreds of new energy sources in the high-energy sky, including active galaxies and pulsars. These discoveries will allow astronomers to compare the behavior of different sources across a wider span of gamma-ray energies for the first time.
A team of researchers has created a 'write-once-read-many-times' DNA-based memory device that can encode information using ultraviolet light. The device, made from salmon DNA and silver nanoparticles, retains information indefinitely.
A new kind of electro-thermal nanoprobe can independently control voltage and temperature at a nanometer-scale point contact. This probe enables the measurement of nanometer-scale properties of materials such as semiconductors, thermoelectrics, and ferroelectrics.
Researchers at Tufts University used genetic manipulation to induce eye formation in tadpoles' backs and tails, revealing a new control mechanism for organ development. This breakthrough enables potential applications in regenerative medicine, including eye transplantation and limb regeneration.
Scientists at Sandia Labs discover unexpected voltage increases of up to 25% in closely packed nanowires, which may impact the development of next-generation handheld devices and solar arrays. The findings also shed light on the unique properties of one-dimensional conductors and their interactions with electrons.
Researchers at Harvard University have created genetically-altered neurons that light up as they fire, allowing them to trace signal propagation and study neural pathways. This breakthrough has the potential to speed up drug development and advance our understanding of genetic conditions.
Research on tunnel-FET technology, which exploits the quantum tunnel effect, promises to reduce power consumption of transistors and microprocessors. This breakthrough could lead to ultra-miniaturized, zero-power electronic devices.
Duke University engineers demonstrated that rigidly constraining dielectric materials can increase their energy density and decrease rates of failure. By preventing physical deformation, epoxy acts as a mechanical constraint to enhance the component's ability to carry greater voltage.
The new sensor uses a transparent film of single-walled carbon nanotubes that can stretch up to twice its original length in any direction without permanent deformation. It can detect pressure ranging from a firm pinch to elephant-like pressure, making it suitable for medical applications and prosthetic limbs.
Researchers used the $20 million VERITAS telescope to discover pulsed gamma rays exceeding energies of 100 billion electron volts, a surprise given previous detection limits were at 25 billion eV. The findings indicate a need for new ideas about pulsars and their gamma-ray production.
Researchers have observed four cesium states with roughly the same size, surprising theorists and suggesting a new kind of ultracold chemistry at work. The three-body parameter varies consistently across different atomic species, implying universal behavior.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have developed a method to manipulate individual electrons, enabling the transportation of an electron from one quantum dot to another using a sound wave. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of more powerful computers.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a system that produces hydrogen from wastewater or organic byproducts using saltwater, eliminating the need for grid electricity. The technology, known as microbial electrolysis cells, uses reverse-electrodialysis and exoelectrogenic bacteria to generate energy.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have demonstrated negative capacitance in ferroelectric materials, a phenomenon that can amplify charge for a given voltage. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize computing by enabling the creation of low-power transistors without compromising performance.
Scientists from Tsinghua University tested three structures commonly used in magnetic memory experiments and found that voltage directly controls changes in the magnetic properties of all three materials. This is a significant advantage for real-world device performance, as it eliminates the need for heat-controlled systems.
Researchers have developed piezoelectric resistive switching devices that use zinc oxide nanowires to control memory cells through electromechanical modulation. The devices can detect electronic signals from mechanical actions in the biological world, enabling a new way to interface biology and electronics.
Researchers at the University of Washington have created a system called EnergJ that reduces energy consumption in simulations by up to 50 percent. The system has the potential to cut energy by as much as 90 percent and could be used in various applications such as streaming audio and video, games, and real-time image recognition.
MIT physicists have discovered a new physical phenomenon that can greatly enhance capacitance in transistors, which may lead to increased clock speed and reduced heat. The discovery, reported in the journal Science, challenges existing understanding of physics and has potential implications for computer chip design.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed a graphene-based optical device that can switch light on and off, enabling faster data transmission. The technology has the potential to revolutionize high-speed communications and computing, allowing for faster data streaming and processing.
Researchers discovered germanium undergoes structural changes to become metallic under high pressure, exhibiting superconductivity caused by phonons. The findings matched theoretical predictions, confirming the element's potential applications in electronics and materials science.
Researchers at NIST have developed an electronic technique called Johnson noise thermometry to measure the Boltzmann constant with an uncertainty of 12 ppm. This method has the potential to advance international efforts to revamp the world's scientific measurement system, enabling more precise definitions of units like the Kelvin.
Scientists have developed the first commercially viable nanogenerator that can generate electricity using body movements like a finger pinch. The device is powered by zinc oxide nanowires and has improved power output by thousands times and voltage by 150 times.
Researchers developed a protective substrate to observe polymer deformation, revealing creasing-to-cratering phenomenon under increased voltage. This breakthrough could lead to improved durability and efficiency of polymers in electrical applications.
Wonyoung Kim's new device can reduce power usage of modern processing chips by shutting off unused parts, enabling longer battery life and lower energy bills. The on-chip voltage regulator also enables faster performance by quickly adjusting power supply.
Researchers studying magma flows in Iceland's Krafla volcano have found a rare opportunity to examine supercritical water and its potential as an energy source. The team discovered rhyolite magma, formed by partial melting of basaltic rock, which can generate significant electricity if harnessed.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed an approach to create reliable models of large power systems using Synchrophasor technology, enabling real-time monitoring and prediction of blackouts. The approach uses high-resolution power-system measurements to capture the dynamics of clusters and their connections, he...
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed nanogenerators that can harness mechanical energy from the environment to power small electronic devices. The devices, which use an array of tiny nanowires, can generate up to three volts and 300 nanoamps, enough to drive commercial displays, light-emitting diodes, and laser diodes.
The Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) will produce and accelerate beams with greater versatility than the current system, allowing studies with new kinds of ions previously unavailable to researchers. EBIS can start with positive ions or even neutral atoms, creating ion beams from almost any element.
Researchers developed a new type of wearable impact sensor based on composite materials that generate an electrical current when compressed. The sensors can measure the forces acting on athletes' bodies and provide data to improve performance and reduce injuries.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory found a new path for sunlight to electricity conversion in semiconductor thin-films, overcoming the bandgap voltage limitation. By applying an electric field, they can manipulate the crystal structure and control photovoltaic properties.
Researchers have developed self-powered nanometerscale sensing devices that can measure pH levels or detect ultraviolet light using electrical current generated from mechanical energy. The devices use improved nanogenerators with zinc oxide nanowires, enabling flexible and low-cost fabrication on various substrates.
University of Michigan researchers found a vulnerability in RSA authentication, a widely used encryption method. By manipulating voltage supply to the private key holder, hackers can extract the key and compromise security. The discovery has significant implications for media companies, mobile device manufacturers, and online retailers.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a millimeter-scale, energy-harvesting sensor system that can run for nearly perpetual periods using solar power. The system's low-power processor and innovative voltage conversion method enable it to consume less than 1 nanowatt of power on average.
A University of Kentucky researcher is studying respiratory weakness as a factor in ICU morbidity, which can lead to prolonged stays and lengthy recovery times. The study aims to develop new treatments that could slow down muscle wasting and reduce reliance on mechanical ventilation.
The European Space Agency's comet orbiter spacecraft Rosetta successfully tested the performance of its ultraviolet spectrometer Alice during a recent Earth flyby, revealing the Earth's unique ultraviolet spectral emission signature.
Researchers create self-guided stages up to 12 GeV and externally guided stages up to 50 GeV using boosted frame simulations. This new technique enables faster and more accurate modeling of next-generation experiments.
Researchers created simplified synthetic cells that shed light on electric voltage generation in real cells and can act as tiny batteries. The cells harness a modified protein to create pores allowing ions to flow, generating a stable voltage across the bilayer.
A team from University of Washington has created a working electronic circuit that runs entirely off the power generated by trees, producing an output voltage of 1.1 volts and consuming just 10 nanowatts of power during operation.
Researchers have located the site of relativistic particle acceleration in galaxy M 87, where particles are accelerated to extreme energies and emit gamma rays with trillion-electron Volt energies. The discovery was made possible by combining high-resolution radio and gamma-ray observations using three arrays of telescopes.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a new ultra-dense memory chip that can store up to one trillion bits per square inch and retain data for over a billion years. The chip uses a crystalline iron nanoparticle shuttle enclosed within a multiwalled carbon nanotube.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a new method that induces protein folding in nanoseconds, breaking the microsecond barrier, allowing for more accurate computer simulations and paving the way for reliable predictions of protein behavior, especially in disease prediction.