Articles tagged with Mass Spectrometry
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have developed a miniaturized mass spectrometer capable of analyzing chemicals with high sensitivity. This portable device has significant implications for applications such as detecting chemical weapons, explosives in airports, and forensic investigations.
ASU scientists develop technique using zircon crystals to trace pulses of heat inside a volcano, which may help better predict risk. The new findings suggest that heat pulses before an eruption both begin and end more abruptly than previously thought.
Researchers at Louisiana State University have developed a portable system for capturing and analyzing biomolecules from fingermarks, including DNA and explosives. The technique uses infrared laser ablation to lift molecules off surfaces without destroying them.
A NASA scientist is developing an instrument to search for signs of life on Jupiter's moon Europa, leveraging experience from building a Mars instrument. The Ocean Worlds investigation will analyze molecular biosignatures in surface and subsurface samples.
A new mass spectrometry-based screening method enables quick turnaround of drug screens and can be used in emergency rooms to detect lethal compounds. The low-cost cartridges are estimated to cost less than $10 each, making them accessible to health facilities of any size.
The petitSat mission aims to study the link between plasma enhancements and Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) in Earth's ionosphere. The satellite will measure plasma densities and ion distributions using two instruments, providing valuable insights into the transmission of GPS and radar signals.
Saiful Chowdhury, UTA assistant professor, develops new mass spectrometry techniques to identify prenylated proteins linked to cancer, aging, and genetic disorders. His work may lead to more efficient analysis of modified proteins and improved understanding of cancer mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a new experimental technique to take 3D images of molecules in action, combining two technologies to probe the structure and behavior of molecules. This tool enables experiments with larger molecules that were previously impossible, allowing for better understanding of quantum mechanics in complex systems.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have developed a novel mass spectrometry method to study iron-sulfur cluster proteins, which are crucial for various biological processes. The study successfully detects all reaction components simultaneously, providing detailed insights into their conversion process.
Scientists at Lomonosov Moscow State University developed a new approach to monitor environmental status in Moscow, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The method detects novel pollutants and expands the list of hazardous substances, posing potential threats to human health and ecosystems.
Researchers at Australian National University have designed a portable device that uses MRI and mass spectrometry to analyze objects. The device, inspired by science fiction tools like the sonic screwdriver and tricorder, could revolutionize laboratory work and medical research.
Clint Alfaro has been honored with the Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Best Paper Award for his research on using mass spectrometry to analyze kidney tissue from patients with renal cell carcinoma. The study demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity of touch-spray mass spectrometry in identifying cancerous tissue.
Researchers at Scripps Florida have developed a new protease tool to study protein structure and post-translational modifications, which can alter protein stability and function. The new tool helps shed light on these chemical changes and could lead to new tools for mass spectrometry.
Researchers developed a new method to identify antibiotics hidden in massive mass spectrometry datasets. By running data against a database of known antibiotics, they detected previously unknown compounds and discovered new variants of existing ones. This breakthrough aims to help combat antibiotic resistance.
The new facility will enable researchers to analyze individual molecule isotopes as fingerprints of biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere processes. The stable isotope mass spectrometer systems will provide cutting-edge capabilities for studying ecology, environment and energy research.
A portable breathalyzer has been developed to diagnose diabetes noninvasively in offices. The device traps and analyzes acetone levels in exhaled breath, with accuracy matching mass spectrometry readings.
Researchers in Mainz develop a novel method to benchmark and improve the performance of protein measurement techniques, ensuring consistent results across various analysis software packages. This breakthrough enables widespread adoption of mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics for disease diagnosis and research.
A new device makes 2D mass spectrometry widely accessible, enabling researchers to produce data-driven results on protein molecules' function. This breakthrough could lead to a revolution in pharmaceutical and biomedical communities, producing quicker and better results.
Researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology used mass spectrometry to identify components in an ancient bitumen sample from a 5th century BCE amphora. The analysis revealed a prolonged period of biodegradation due to bacterial activity, leading to increased oxygen content in the sample.
Robert Smith, a UM computer science assistant professor, was awarded a CAREER grant from the National Science Foundation to develop new analysis techniques for mass spectrometry. This advancement may lead to breakthroughs in fields like medical diagnostics, drug development, and research into Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new technology using coded apertures to improve the performance of mass spectrometers, enabling portable devices to detect environmental hazards in the field. The innovation could lead to miniaturized mass spectrometers for detecting trace amounts of methane and explosives.
A powerful new mass spectrometer has been made available to scientists worldwide to study molecular processes in the environment, biology and energy. The 21 Tesla Ultra-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometer can distinguish between molecules that differ by almost unimaginably small nuances.
Researchers have developed a compact and highly sensitive optical method for detecting radiocarbon dioxide concentration, enabling on-site carbon dating and greenhouse gas measurements. The SCAR instrument can deliver results in just two hours with lower cost and faster delivery time compared to traditional methods.
Volatile organic compounds protect plants from stress, attract insects for pollination and seed dispersal, and send warning signs to neighbor plants and animals. Plant VOC emissions contribute significantly to the atmosphere, emitting approximately 600 million tons of carbon annually.
Scientists have confirmed that blood vessel-like structures found in an 80 million-year-old hadrosaur fossil are original to the animal, not biofilm or contaminants. The discovery provides insight into how proteins can modify and change over millions of years.
Researchers developed a new method that identifies more proteins and peptides in mass spectrometry data, analyzing pairs of overlapping peptide spectra. The method improves performance by up to four-fold, overcoming the bottleneck created by vast amounts of raw data.
A new study reveals that gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) fundamentally alters the samples it analyzes due to heat, affecting thousands of laboratories worldwide. The researchers used a data analysis platform to observe small molecules transforming and disappearing during an experiment meant to mimic the GC-MS process.
Researchers at RIKEN and Hiroshima University create technique to analyze metabolites, hormones, nutrients, and lipids in individual cells using nanospray tip and mass spectrometer. This breakthrough could speed up understanding of molecular distribution in time and space, transforming agricultural science.
A system developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory can identify and characterize solid or liquid samples in seconds, providing a valuable tool for material science, forensics, pharmaceuticals, biology, and chemistry. The device is self-cleaning, requires no sample preparation, and is cost-effective.
Researchers have found that human irisin circulates in the blood at nanogram levels and increases during exercise. The discovery resolves a long-standing controversy over irisin's existence, with alternative start codons explaining its production in skeletal muscle cells.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University successfully separated and weighed a mixture of intact virus particles using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization MS. This technique, called heavy ion mass spectrometry, allows for the analysis of viruses that are too large to be detected by standard instruments.
NASA has selected two Southwest Research Institute instruments, a mass spectrometer and ultraviolet spectrograph, to investigate Jupiter's fourth-largest moon, Europa. The mission will explore potential life in the outer solar system and study the moon's subsurface ocean.
Caltech scientists develop nanodevices that can measure the mass of individual molecules and reveal their three-dimensional spatial distribution, crucial for identifying large protein complexes. This technology enhances protein identification and analysis, improving odds in discovery mode.
A new mass spectrometry method developed by IUPUI chemist Nicholas Manicke can rapidly detect drugs and poisons in blood samples. The method, known as paper spray mass spectrometry, has potential use in various fields such as biomedical research, clinical testing, and forensic science.
Researchers at Helmholtz Zentrum München developed an approach to quantify gadolinium-based contrast agents in tissue using MALDI-MS imaging, correlating it with MRI images. This combination improves diagnostic value by detecting tissue-related kinetics of contrast agents used in myocardial infarction models.
Saiful Chowdhury's project aims to identify host-defense protein interactions networks using mass spectrometry-based chemical cross-linking technology. The research will help recognize protein-to-protein interactions and reduce data complexity in large-scale studies.
Researchers from Ohio State University discovered a layer within the Quelccaya Ice Cap containing lead and bearing the chemical signature of Potosi silver mines, providing the first detailed record of widespread human-produced air pollution in South America before the industrial revolution
Scientists at UT Arlington have developed a new method for detecting trace amounts of estrogen in small samples, improving research into cancer and other diseases. The new method is sensitive enough to detect estrogens at levels as low as 10 parts per trillion, making it applicable to human health, medicine, and environmental analysis.
Scientists have made the first definitive detection of organic molecules at Mars using NASA's Curiosity rover. The discovery suggests that ancient Martian environments may have provided a supply of reduced organic molecules for use as building blocks for life and an energy source.
Dr. Paul Mahaffy, a leading expert on Mars chemistry, received the John C. Lindsay Memorial Award for his groundbreaking work on the Curiosity Rover's Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument Suite. The award honors his contributions to planetary science and exploration.
New research reveals how red tide's chemicals disable competitor algae without killing them, affecting nutrient cycling and primary production in the ocean. Red tide's chemical cues alter large-scale ecosystem processes.
A robotic system enables scientists to analyze the chemical composition of irregularly shaped surfaces, simulating early Earth conditions on meteorites and rocks. This technology has potential applications in biomedical fields like dermatology, allowing researchers to probe lesions with high accuracy.
Researchers at Purdue University developed a nanotube coating that significantly reduces the voltage required for mass spectrometers, allowing for miniaturization and increased portability. The technique simplifies analysis by nearly eliminating background noise, making it gentler on fragile molecules.
A new mass spectrometry-based technique provides high-throughput analysis of proteins like IGF1 at a rate of over 1,000 human samples per day. The method accurately characterizes protein structure and variants, offering a detailed portrait of protein information not available through traditional ELISA tests.
Immunologists have developed an improved mass spectrometric method for proteomic analyses, allowing for the identification and quantification of more proteins. The new technique, called ISOQuant, eliminates the need for labeling samples, enabling direct analysis of patient samples and specific immune cells.
The University of Colorado Boulder has been awarded a cooperative agreement worth up to $14.6 million from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to develop a new technological system to rapidly determine how drugs and biological or chemical agents exert their effects on human cells. The Subcellular Pan-Omics for Advance...
Three mass spectrometers from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center conducted simultaneous experiments on the moon and Mars to analyze atmospheric and rock samples. This milestone demonstrates the value of these instruments for understanding planetary environments.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a new technique to isolate and examine a photosynthetic megacomplex in its complete functioning state. This breakthrough provides a deeper understanding of the organization of these complex membranes, which are essential for plant growth and movement.
Researchers have developed a new testing strategy that can estimate levels of essential vitamins and minerals without directly testing each nutritional factor. This approach uses protein levels in the bloodstream as proxies for nutrient levels, enabling rapid detection of population-wide deficiencies and potential remediation efforts.
Yinsheng Wang, a UC Riverside professor of chemistry, has received the prestigious Biemann Medal for his significant contributions to mass spectrometry. The award recognizes his work on DNA damage and anti-tumor drugs, highlighting the importance of mass spectrometry in understanding genetic information.
An interdisciplinary team from MIT identified cirrus clouds' major seeds as mineral dust and metallic aerosols. The study found that these particles freeze into ice crystals, influencing global climate patterns.
R. Graham Cooks receives the Dreyfus Prize for his groundbreaking work on mass spectrometry instrumentation, enabling remote deployment of analytical instruments and transforming fields like pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. This achievement showcases Cooks' innovative spirit and impact on modern science.
Researchers at Heidelberg University Hospital have developed a new method to detect drug interactions at very low doses, which can be used to study interactions between drugs without posing risks to patients. This breakthrough improves the reliability of pharmacological studies and has the potential to reduce medication errors.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new method to analyze the chemical composition of exhaled breath, revealing an individual's unique 'breathprint' that stays constant over time. This non-invasive approach holds promise for early disease detection and monitoring, and could potentially replace traditional blood and urine analysis.
Researchers at the University of Nevada, Reno have developed a self-healing coating for aluminum that provides corrosion protection and can replace carcinogenic chromate coatings. The new molybdate-based coating shows exceptional performance and can be applied to all aluminum products.
Researchers find hydroxyl compounds in lunar regolith created by solar wind implantation, leading to widespread water presence in lunar materials. The discovery suggests ice in permanently shadowed polar craters could contain hydrogen atoms from solar wind.
The ProteoWizard Toolkit allows scientists to easily analyze and share multi-platform mass spectrometry data, a major breakthrough for large-scale biological research. The software is expected to improve the understanding of complex diseases like cancer.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have created a new 3D view of the body's response to infection, enabling the identification of proteins involved in the inflammatory response. The technology combines magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and imaging mass spectrometry to visualize the immune system's response to bacterial infections.
Scientists at University of Warwick solve 40-year-old Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry phasing problem, improving data quality for pharmaceuticals, healthcare, and environmental management. The breakthrough method doubles resolution and sensitivity at no extra cost.
Researchers at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute discovered the protein cochlin plays a crucial role in regulating intraocular pressure through mechanosensing and mechanotransduction. Elevated IOP is a primary risk factor for glaucoma, and this breakthrough offers potential avenues for innovative manipulation of aqueous outflow.