Articles tagged with Colleges
A study by University of Notre Dame researchers found that conservative CEOs with natural risk aversion receive less performance-based pay than their liberal counterparts. In contrast, liberal CEOs with a willingness to take risks receive more performance-based pay. This challenges traditional corporate governance practices.
A new study of over 1,000 pupils in Croatia found that school-level factors such as class size and property prices had little influence on their desire to attend university. In contrast, parental aspirations, academic support from mothers, and having a desk to work on were key predictors of higher education intentions.
New research from Penn State College of Medicine shows that JUUL delivers almost three times as much nicotine as most other e-cigarettes, with high concentrations in its pods. The study also found that JUUL is addictive and may be a less harmful alternative to cigarettes for smokers.
Researchers mapped opioid overdose death locations in Flint, Mich., finding three clusters with high concentrations in poorer neighborhoods. Only a small percentage of available treatment centers were located in these areas, highlighting the need for targeted resource allocation.
A new study found that even slight impairments in hearing can lead to decreased cognitive function, with the largest decline occurring in those whose hearing was just starting to become impaired. The researchers suggest that treating hearing loss could reduce dementia incidence by up to 9%.
Researchers found a 95% increased risk of frailty among those who self-reported regular use of prescription pain and/or sleep medications. Co-use of multiple prescription medications also increased frailty risk, with effects observed for pain-only and sleep-only prescriptions.
A new report by The Lancet finds that climate change is having devastating effects on the world's children, with rising temperatures leading to malnutrition, infectious diseases, and air pollution. If left unchecked, this will have a lifelong impact on their health unless immediate action is taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers developed a tool called Geneva that automatically learns to evade internet censorship by exploiting gaps in censors' logic. Tested in China, India and Kazakhstan, Geneva found dozens of ways to circumvent censorship, outperforming human attempts.
A study published in Development and Psychopathology reveals preterm birth and institutional deprivation have a comparable effect on child temperament, particularly self-control. This finding suggests that increasing self-control in these children may help prevent long-term developmental problems.
The American College of Physicians recommends improving transparency, lowering out-of-pocket costs for patients, and enhancing access to affordable medications. The policies aim to stem the escalating costs of prescription drugs by increasing oversight and regulation of Pharmacy Benefit Managers and public health plans.
A Kent State researcher is working to create guidelines for safer Level I trauma room design, using the SEIPS model to identify and address preventable errors that cause 7-9% of deaths in trauma rooms. The project aims to improve staff efficiency and save patient lives.
American adults on cholesterol-lowering medications have seen improved overall cholesterol levels since the 2013 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Guideline was implemented. This is largely attributed to a shift towards a risk-based approach over target LDL-based management.
Despite small gains, women make up only 18% of medical school deans and 26% of chairs in pediatrics; researchers argue that basic scientific principles can foster gender equity. Initiatives have failed due to lack of institutional support, and diversity task forces risk widening inequities.
A new study investigates the dynamics among strains of Aeromonas hydrophila, which can lead to life-threatening infections. Researchers hope that understanding these interactions will enable the development of new therapeutic interventions.
A small study published in Pain Reports found that immersive VR scenes of Arctic exploration can reduce perceived ongoing pain and sensitivity to painful stimuli. The researchers believe that VR may trigger the body's own pain-fighting systems, leading to a decrease in chronic pain symptoms.
A new review finds growing evidence that vaping can harm the heart and blood vessels, with particulate matter, metals, and flavorings contributing to cardiovascular problems. The study highlights a need for larger-scale research on e-cigarette use and regulation to ensure transparency about ingredients.
A recent study published in the Journal of Hazardous Materials found that simulated sunlight can degrade microplastics on the ocean surface. The research revealed that engineered polymer solutions degraded most rapidly under UV radiation, followed by polypropylene and polyethylene.
Researchers developed an AI framework that learns human design strategies through observation, enabling it to generate new designs without explicit goal information or bias. The AI performed better than humans on average, but its success came without the advantages humans have, such as specific goals and feedback.
Researchers analyzed data from Kichwa community in Ecuador to understand the selection of medicinal plants. The study found that men cited slightly more species than women, while age played a role in identifying plant families, with older participants naming more species.
The PLOS Medicine special issue examines the challenges of substance use and misuse, including opioid epidemic in the US and differences in risks among refugees and non-refugee migrants. Research findings suggest that programmes focusing on prescription opioids may be missing a growing proportion of people at risk of harm from opioid m...
Researchers analyzed data from Fitbit Flex 2 devices and phone apps to understand the impact of individual discrimination events on college students' daily lives. On average, students who experienced unfair treatment were more physically active, interacted with their phones more, and spent less time in bed.
Researchers from Cardiff University have discovered metastability in gallium arsenide compound semiconductor material, a phenomenon that could affect device stability. The findings could lead to improved materials and structures for electronic devices, such as smartphones, GPS, and satellites.
Researchers found that emergency department admissions for adolescents between 12-17 increased by more than 100% from 2010 to 2016. The study suggests improved awareness and coordination with law enforcement and forensic teams may be contributing factors.
The American College of Physicians recommends screening for colorectal cancer in adults at average risk who do not have symptoms. The recommended screening frequency varies depending on the chosen strategy, with options including fecal immunochemical tests, colonoscopy, and flexible sigmoidoscopy.
Esports athletes are at risk of physical, psychological, and metabolic disorders due to their high-intensity gaming sessions. Researchers warn that the field of sports medicine needs to adapt to address these players' unique needs.
Researchers developed a novel approach to track tremor severity in Parkinson's patients, combining wearable sensors with machine-learning algorithms. The method accurately measures total and resting tremors throughout the day, even during free body movements.
A study found that delaying gallbladder removal for acute cholecystitis by more than three days after hospital admission increases the risk of complications, hospital readmissions, and longer hospital stays. Performing the operation within 24 hours of admission reduces these risks.
A new study found that higher education may protect against cognitive decline in older non-Hispanic black people with the APOE e4 gene, a major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study showed that individuals with more than a high school degree performed similarly to non-carriers on memory tests.
In West Virginia, only 1.8 percent of students are identified as gifted, despite the state's rural communities having untapped talent. Researchers aim to develop universal screening norms and increase parent advocacy to boost access to gifted services for low-income students.
The Northeast Ohio Tri-County Prevention Infrastructure project aims to prevent alcohol and drug use in youth ages 9-20 using a novel big data analytics system. The system will utilize natural language processing models and machine learning to predict substance abuse trends and issues with high accuracy.
The ACS NSQIP Surgical Risk Calculator can predict four specific quality-of-life outcomes for older patients: pressure ulcer, delirium, new mobility aid use, and functional decline. The calculator's precision and accuracy in predicting these outcomes will help surgeons counsel older adults about the likelihood of developing these issues.
A machine-learned algorithm correctly triaged the vast majority of postoperative patients to the intensive care unit, achieving an 82% accuracy rate. The algorithm outperformed clinicians' judgment, with a significant reduction in over-triage rates and improved predictive rates.
A study found that text-based nudges from school counselors increased the likelihood of high school seniors completing financial aid applications and enrolling in college. The intervention, implemented in Texas in 2015, provided students with weekly messages from their school counselors, offering guidance and support.
A pilot study found that medical scribes increased the number of patients seen per day from 10 to 16 and improved resident interactions. Resident involvement in patient visits rose to 45% with scribe assistance.
A study by Florida Atlantic University found that parents can effectively teach daily living skills to teens with autism using iPads. The study showed that video prompting interventions led to significant improvements in skill deficits, even when parents used varying methods of consequence strategies.
A study at the University of Vermont Medical Center found significant reductions in opioid prescribing and use after implementing state-mandated regulations, but no negative impact on pain management. The regulations included educating patients about non-opioid analgesia and safe disposal of unused opioids.
A study by Queen Mary University of London and University of Trento reveals that chicks are born with the knowledge to flee from predators and slow down when a threat is far away. This innate ability allows them to survive in their environment without needing to learn through experience.
Researchers discovered that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-36? plays a crucial role in protecting against the spread of herpes virus to the nervous system. This finding could lead to improved therapeutics for genital herpes, affecting millions of women worldwide.
A team of researchers has identified a fingerprint of oxidizing fluids in ancient subducted oceanic crust found on the Greek island of Sifnos. The discovery, published in Nature Geoscience, reveals that garnet crystals can preserve zonation of iron isotopic composition from early formed core to later forming rims.
A new study published in PLoS ONE reveals a correlation between quality sleep and diverse gut microbiome. Subjects with better sleep showed more balanced gut bacteria, which is associated with improved overall health. The study suggests that poor sleep can negatively impact gut health and may lead to additional health problems.
Electrospun fibers are being explored as a novel method for creating effective contraceptives and treating brain tumors. A University of Cincinnati study discovered that coaxial electrospinning can combine different materials to improve drug delivery and effectiveness.
A new study of nearly 5 million patients shows that ACE inhibitors are not as effective in treating hypertension as thiazide diuretics, which cause fewer cardiovascular events. The research highlights the need for more evidence to guide drug selection in treating high blood pressure.
Researchers create spatial-human-ecology model to predict interactions between natural and human systems in Pima County. The team aims to provide resource managers with necessary knowledge and tools for proactive management of emerging threats.
A new study by Emory University researchers found that college football players' weight gain leads to adverse changes in cardiac structure and function, including increased blood pressure and arterial stiffening. Early intervention is needed for this young and otherwise healthy athletic population.
A new study from Rice University found that college leadership training programs teach students about leadership, but additional measures are needed to evaluate their impact on real-life leadership skills. The analysis suggests a 19% increase in knowledge and better leadership outcomes for program participants.
A team of researchers from Boston College, MIT, and UC Santa Barbara has discovered an elusive atomic-scale magnetic signal in a Mott insulator material as it undergoes a transition from insulator to metal. The study uses spin-polarizing scanning tunneling microscopy to detail the underlying physics at the atomic level.
A study by researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found that one in eight pharmacies in the US closed between 2009 and 2015. Independent pharmacies in urban areas are disproportionately affected, with nearly half closing due to lack of access to preferred pharmacy networks and 340B contracts.
Research analyzed over 275,000 restaurant reviews to find differences in reader perception based on the platform where reviews were generated. Mobile reviews were associated with lower likes and consumption value compared to laptop or desktop reviews.
A team of scientists will develop high-tech tools to explore cyanobacteria in lakes across the East Coast. The project combines big data, artificial intelligence, and robotics with new techniques for lake sampling to understand where and how cyanobacterial blooms develop.
Research by George Mason University found that adults with untreated celiac disease had lower bone density in their thighbones and femur necks. Despite consuming more calcium and phosphorous, individuals with undiagnosed celiac disease were not correctly absorbing nutrients.
Researchers found metabolic defects precede amyloid-beta protein accumulation in Alzheimer's disease. Treatment with Metformin reversed these defects and improved healthspan and lifespan in a tiny worm model.
Researchers at MSU and Spectrum Health aim to find new treatments for rare 'orphan diseases' by repurposing existing approved drugs using advanced technology, focusing on three initial diseases: MODS, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
A recent study found that pro sports events do not significantly impact hotel demand or revenues in Los Angeles. Despite lower average daily rates and reduced room rentals, hotels still experience no change in overall revenue due to the economic hype surrounding professional sports.
A University of Arizona health sciences researcher is working to identify effective strategies for preventing healthcare-associated infections. The study aims to inform hospital-cleaning protocols and ultimately protect patients and healthcare workers from serious infections.
A three-year study examined the emergence and changes of cardiovascular risk factors among college football players. The researchers found significant increases in weight and blood pressure, as well as changes in heart structure and function over time.
A new blood self-collection device has been developed to quickly estimate a person's exposure to radiation in the event of a nuclear accident or attack. The device, which can process samples in a centralized lab, could help triage emergency medical treatment and alleviate a sample collection bottleneck.
Researchers have developed a method to synthesize and trap trions that remain stable at room temperature, enabling manipulation and study of their fundamental properties. The work has implications for technologies such as bioimaging, chemical sensing, energy harvesting, solid-state computing and quantum computing.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University and the University of Pennsylvania analyzed crash risk, exposure, and built environment factors. They identified specific variables related to exposure and risk, but found a lack of clarity on the role of built environment in traffic injury and death.
Lehigh University is presenting various research projects, including 3D printing for tissue regeneration and biomechanics of Ebola adhesion. The university also launched a new B.S. program in Biocomputational Engineering, emphasizing innovation in bioengineering and healthcare.
A new medical device called Sleeveballoon has been tested in rodents and produced impressive results on body weight, fatty liver, and diabetes control. The device reduces food intake by 60% and blood glucose levels by 65%, mimicking the effects of traditional bariatric surgery with a minimally invasive approach.