Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
New research reveals that Ebola progresses quickly and is fatal for young children, with a lower chance of survival compared to adults. The study found that nearly 90% of children under one year old and around 80% of children aged one to four years who are infected have died.
Amy Kritzer and Ronit Marom received the Genzyme/ACMG Foundation Medical Genetics Training Award in Clinical Biochemical Genetics to advance education, research, and standards of practice in medical genetics. The $75,000 award provides clinical and research training at premier medical centers.
A new study by Imperial College London reveals that head injury patients exhibit changes in brain structure similar to those seen in older people. The researchers estimate that these patients are around five years older on average than their real age.
A recent report highlights the need for transparent financial counseling before students accumulate debt, which can have long-lasting consequences. The average US graduate has $28,400 in student loan debt, with many struggling to repay due to low salaries and job insecurity.
The Pfizer/ACMG Foundation Clinical Genetics Combined Residency for Translational Genomic Scholars Fellowship Award provides clinical research training in biochemical genetics, including lysosomal storage diseases and therapeutics. The award grants $75,000 per year to three recipients selected by the ACMG Foundation.
A Florida Tech study has identified 12 climate refuges worldwide where corals are likely to survive at least until 2100 due to minimal temperature change. These areas, including the Indian and Pacific Oceans, could be essential for coral conservation and should receive protection.
A new US county-by-county map shows diverse land use patterns, with green counties operating efficiently and red counties consuming more land per capita. The study integrates satellite data with census population information to identify socio-economic patterns linked to land consumption.
A new study in the Journal of Marketing found that electronic word-of-mouth has a significant impact on sales, varying by product type and industry. Consumers favor specialized review sites and word-of-mouth from independent review sites over retailer sites.
Expert consensus paper provides guidance on transcatheter pulmonic valve replacement for patients with congenital heart disease. The recommendations stress the importance of a heart team collaborating on treatment decisions, and institutions must meet specific requirements to perform these procedures.
Researchers used genetic analysis to trace the source of infection in a British patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). The study found that the patient caught the infection from a healthcare worker who had worked in South Africa, highlighting the need for effective infection prevention measures.
Jessica Ruyle's innovative design allows communications systems to operate uninterrupted in the field, reducing performance and improving mobility. The new technology also has applications in police forces, firefighting teams, and commercial airplanes.
More than 120 US engineering schools pledged to graduate 20 'Grand Challenge Engineers' per year, trained through special programs with a focus on hands-on research, global perspectives, and service-learning. The goal is to train over 20,000 engineers to address societal challenges.
The HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory is equipped with 300 detectors spread over three football fields to detect gamma rays and cosmic rays. It will study active galactic nuclei, gamma ray bursts, and the nature of cosmic rays.
Institutions like King's College London are reviewing military medical advancements to improve civilian healthcare, focusing on low-resource regions where life-saving treatments can be adapted and implemented. The review calls for research and policy changes to transfer these innovations.
A Cancer Research UK study found that text message reminders increased breast cancer screening attendance by 20% among women aged 47-53. The trial, which sent text messages to over 450 women, showed that 72% of those who received the reminders attended their appointments compared to 60% of those who did not.
Researchers identified three genes that improve production by about 15 bushels per acre under both irrigated and dryland conditions. The study's results are promising, with potential benefits for Texas farmers who have struggled with low yields in recent years.
Researchers found that college athletes are willing to receive social media education as long as it is tailored to their actual habits and includes their input. Athletes perceive excessive monitoring software as overburdensome, highlighting the need for consistent follow-up and athlete feedback integration.
A study found that laughter triggers the release of endorphins, encouraging people to make intimate disclosures to strangers. The participants who laughed together shared more personal information than those who didn't.
A study by the American College of Cardiology found that obese patients with atrial fibrillation who lost at least 10% of their body weight were six times more likely to achieve long-term freedom from the condition. Sustained weight loss was also associated with significant beneficial structural changes in the heart and improved other ...
A large randomized controlled trial found no significant improvements in cardiovascular death, non-fatal heart attack, stroke, or subsequent surgery in patients who received remote ischemic preconditioning before coronary artery bypass grafting. However, the study did reveal a 15% reduction in heart injury within 72 hours after surgery.
Researchers used remote eye-trackers to monitor participants' gaze while thinking about complex moral questions. The results showed that participants' moral decisions were systematically biased towards the target alternative, with a 58% success rate for choosing the randomly selected option.
A new SAGE white paper reveals that 68% of students watch videos in their classes, with 79% using them to enhance learning. The most compelling videos feature charismatic speakers, and preferred lengths range from 5-20 minutes, depending on the topic.
A new Duke University study finds that die-hard college sports fans are rare, making up only about 2% of published obituaries of adults. These ardent fans were more likely to be white, mainline Protestants, and participate in coaching, but not linked to a college's academic reputation.
Researchers have discovered a valley beneath East Antarctica's most rapidly-changing glacier, accelerating melting and thinning of the Totten Glacier's ice shelf. Climate change is raising global sea levels, with the glacier potentially representing a major component.
The study found that transcatheter mitral valve repair was successful for 91.8% of patients and reduced mitral regurgitation to mild or less in 63.7%. Institutional experience had a bearing on procedural success but not major adverse outcomes.
Self-expanding TAVR shows continued survival advantage over standard surgery in high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. At two years, TAVR had 4.8% more survivors than surgery, and lower rates of strokes and major cardiovascular events.
The SAPIEN 3 heart valve demonstrated lower death, stroke, and paravalvular leak rates than earlier generation devices in high-risk patients. In intermediate-risk patients, the device showed encouraging results, with a reduced rate of major vascular complications and fewer instances of heart attacks and annular rupture.
The SAPIEN transcatheter heart valve is a feasible option for high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis, but valve leakage remains a significant issue. At five years, death and stroke rates were equivalent to open-heart surgery, but rehospitalization rates and functional outcomes differed.
Researchers found significant increases in blood pressure during nighttime hours among participants exposed to prolonged periods of shortened sleep. The study, conducted at Mayo Clinic, used a controlled protocol to mimic the effects of sleep loss on the body.
A new survey found that nearly three-quarters of Chinese adults have poor cardiovascular health, with a tiny minority enjoying ideal heart health. The study emphasizes the need for effective interventions to combat the rising rates of heart disease in China.
Scientists at Imperial College London developed a test using human stem cells to predict severe immune reactions to new drugs. The test recreates the unique conditions found in blood vessels, making it a more reliable method than current tests.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed a new type of vaccine that prevents both active and latent infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The vaccine, dubbed "delta-gD-2," provides complete protection against subsequent infection in mice, suggesting it could be effective in humans.
A study found that pre-hospital delays for women with heart attacks were associated with a higher risk of dying. Women waited an average of one hour to call emergency services and over 70% took longer than an hour to get to a hospital equipped to treat them.
Women who experience hot flashes earlier in life have poorer endothelial function and increased cardiovascular risk compared to those with later onset or no symptoms. The study found that the number of hot flashes matters, with more frequent hot flashes associated with greater evidence of endothelial dysfunction.
Research finds that excess sitting is associated with coronary artery calcification, an early indicator of heart problems. Reducing sedentary time by just one hour per day could have a significant positive impact on future cardiovascular health.
A comprehensive health program with personalized coaching on exercise, nutrition, stress, and sleep helped people with prediabetes reverse their condition and improve overall health. Participants showed significant improvements in blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and other key risk factors.
A recent study published in the Lancet found that babies with severely restricted growth in the womb who were monitored using late ductus venosus changes had better neurodevelopmental outcomes than those who were monitored using other techniques. The researchers recommend that these babies should be supervised in specialist centers whe...
Research suggests chronic exposure to air pollution increases the risk of stroke by causing fatty substances to build up in the neck arteries. The study found those living in areas with high levels of fine particulate matter had a 24% greater risk of carotid artery stenosis compared to those in cleaner areas.
The FASEB MARC Program has announced the travel award recipients for EB 2015, promoting diversity in biomedical research. The program aims to increase the number and competitiveness of underrepresented groups in biomedical and behavioral research.
A randomized trial found that patients taking omega-3 fatty acid supplements showed improvements in heart function and had less fibrosis compared to those taking a placebo. Patients who experienced a 5% increase in omega-3 levels in their blood derived the most benefit.
A new analysis provides insights into penile size measurements across all ages and races. The findings reveal that the average flaccid penis length is 9.16 cm and the average erect penis length is 13.12 cm, with a small correlation between erect length and height.
A University of Texas at Arlington researcher has been awarded a $220,000 Caltrans project to analyze and evaluate California's bridge foundations for safety and compliance with federal AASHTO standards. The research will also consider external factors such as vehicle load, weight, speed, and earthquakes.
The NHS savings plan resulted in reduced use of procedures considered low-value. However, the application of these reductions was inconsistent across commissioning groups, with some trusts increasing their rates.
A new UT Arlington study finds that employees who receive electronic correspondence from work after hours become angry more often than not, interfering with their personal lives. The researchers identified two categories of workers: segmentors who separate work and personal life, and integrators who want to stay connected with work.
Hospitals participating in ACS NSQIP improve surgical outcomes, including reduced death rates, complications, and surgical site infections. Over time, these improvements continue to accumulate, enabling hospitals to prevent significant patient harm.
A Swedish study published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence found that using snus increases the risk of developing alcohol dependency, with a doubled risk compared to non-users. The more snus used, the higher the risk, and this association holds true even after accounting for socio-economic factors.
A study by Penn State researchers found that students from Catholic colleges were more reflective when discussing issues of faith and science, suggesting they may be better prepared to address evolution questions. The study suggests that incorporating faith into discussions about evolution can help build confidence in biology teachers,...
Researchers found that having too many food choices increases the obesity problem, as offspring tend to eat more when given a choice between high-fat and low-fat diets. In contrast, those on a low-fat diet showed no negative impacts, but had higher energy expenditure.
Scientists estimate that about 22,000 tons of phosphorus-rich Saharan dust cross the Atlantic Ocean annually, replenishing depleted Amazon soils. This vital nutrient plays a crucial role in maintaining the Amazon ecosystem.
A study found that maternity hospital ratings did not influence the number of pregnant women attending top-ranked hospitals or avoiding low-ranked ones. Satisfaction levels also showed no significant improvement at worst-rated hospitals compared to others with similar satisfaction levels initially.
Researchers at Imperial College London discovered that certain sedatives work by 'switching on' neurons in a specific brain region, triggering deep sleep. The findings could lead to targeted remedies for insomnia and more effective anaesthetic drugs.
The FASEB MARC Program has awarded $2,000 to two students from underrepresented groups to attend the American College of Sports Medicine Northwest Regional Chapter Meeting. The program aims to increase diversity in biomedical research by promoting participation and engagement among young scientists.
Researchers found that flash-heating experiments using NASA's Curiosity Rover instrument can destroy organic compounds if jarosite is present. This could impact the search for signs of life on Mars. The team is exploring ways to compensate for this effect, which has implications for future missions like ExoMars 2018.
Researchers found a possible link between maternal age and abnormal chromosome numbers, which can cause birth defects like Down syndrome. The study used genetic data from over 4,000 families and found that the shuffling process of parental chromosomes becomes less regulated with age.
A recent epigenetic study has identified over 30 genes that predispose individuals to allergies and asthma, providing potential new drug targets. The research also found biomarkers that may predict which patients will respond to existing therapies.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University are deploying tiny wireless computing devices to monitor sea level rise, water quality, and hurricanes. These devices can collect information about the surrounding environment and transmit it to cloud-based computing systems for analysis.
A Baylor University geologist has documented a severe decrease in precipitation in northern China 4,200 years ago, leading to desertification and mass migration of Neolithic cultures. The study sheds light on how populations respond and adapt to drastic climate change.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed a novel yeast-based high-throughput assay to identify inhibitors of the Plasmodium falciparum transporter, which could lead to the development of new antimalarial drugs. The technique was used to screen over 64,000 compounds and identified 171 potential antimalarial drugs.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered that antibiotics have a profound impact on the microorganisms in an animal's gut, disrupting the natural balance of the microbiota. This can lead to damage to the intestinal epithelium, changes in mitochondrial function and other biological effects.
Researchers found that givers tend to choose more specific, less versatile gift cards when shopping for romantic partners, but recipients prefer more versatile gift cards. This preference can lead to a lower redemption rate of gift cards, as recipients take longer to redeem more specific ones.