Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
While some argue that a 48-hour working week has led to negative effects on medical training, others find no evidence to support these claims. Several reviews conclude that high-quality training can be delivered within this time frame, and trainees are increasingly satisfied with their training.
The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke has launched the Centers Without Walls initiative to study Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP), which affects 1 out of 1000 people with epilepsy annually. The project aims to identify risk factors and potential therapeutic targets to prevent SUDEP.
A team at Imperial College London identified a brain mechanism that senses glucose levels and prompts animals to seek more if it detects a shortfall. The researchers believe this mechanism may play a role in humans' preference for sweet and starchy foods.
A UT Arlington civil engineering team has installed a new mix of lime and fly ash on a section of U.S. 82 to reduce soil sulfate heaving and extend the life of the highway. The project aims to increase road longevity and reduce deterioration, with the potential to benefit motorists' vehicles.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin and the University of York used genetic sequencing techniques to analyze DNA from parchment samples, revealing insights into livestock breeding history. The study sheds light on how agricultural development shaped animal genetics across centuries.
Researchers will investigate SUDEP's causes, risk factors, and potential interventions through a collaborative effort involving eight US epilepsy centers and one UK center. The grant aims to accelerate progress toward successful interventions by leveraging diverse expertise and combining large datasets.
A new study finds that malnutrition is an independent predictor of long-term survival in geriatric patients undergoing the Whipple procedure. Geriatric patients with preoperative severe nutritional risk had significantly decreased long-term survival, while those without SNR had a seven-year survival rate of 84 percent.
Professor Satinder Kaur Brar has been recognized for her outstanding contributions to environmental research and sustainable development. Her work combines green chemistry and biotechnology to unlock eco-friendly bioproducts with high market value.
Researchers found that nicotinamide riboside (NR) prevents noise-induced hearing loss by increasing the activity of protein sirtuin 3, which is critical for mitochondrial function. NR also showed promise in preventing long-term and short-term hearing loss, regardless of when it was administered.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that administering epinephrine to patients in cardiac arrest may increase the likelihood of death or brain damage. The research analyzed hospital records for over 1,500 patients and showed that those who received higher doses of epinephrine had a worse outcome.
Researchers sequenced the genomes of 16 mosquito species found in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America to understand how they transmit malaria. The study found that some species have varying capabilities for transmitting the disease and adapting to new environments.
Six faculty members at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have been named 2014 AAAS Fellows, recognized for their contributions to various fields including virology, cell biology, and cancer research. The awardees include Aviv Bergman, Margaret Kielian, Richard Kitsis, U. Thomas Meier, Robert Singer, and Jan Vijg.
A recent study found that individuals who experienced intense verbal aggression as children are more resilient to conflict as adults. The researchers measured cortisol levels in saliva samples from 50 romantically involved couples and found a weakened physiological stress response for those with higher childhood exposure.
SMU seismologist Brian Stump has been recognized as an AAAS Fellow for his groundbreaking work on seismic monitoring and its significance in enforcing the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. His research has significantly improved scientists' ability to distinguish between earthquakes, conventional explosions, and nuclear tests.
Employees of small, locally owned businesses exhibit higher levels of commitment to their employers, leading to reduced absenteeism and turnover. For rural workers, company ownership plays a crucial role in organizational commitment.
A new study by Women's College Hospital found South Asian boys are three times as likely to be overweight compared to their peers. The research measured the heights and weights of over 700 Toronto students between ages 10-12 and tracked physical activity, socio-demographic factors.
A University of Iowa study finds that adding professional and vocational majors to liberal arts colleges strengthens their mission, with students achieving similar educational gains across majors. Key findings include increased interest in literacy among liberal arts majors and higher leadership skills among professional majors.
A new model developed by University of Maryland researchers links intensive agriculture to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, revealing a strong correlation between the Green Revolution and Earth's metabolism. The study found that crop production tripled while land planted with major crops grew by 20 percent, leading to incre...
Researchers at Imperial College London have discovered the mechanisms behind 'Mexican waves' in the brain, which play a key role in cognitive function. The study sheds light on how inhibitory neurons use different communication processes to excitatory neurons.
A small study found that home exercise can significantly reduce feelings of hopelessness in patients with coronary heart disease. Patients who walked or biked at home for at least three days a week experienced a 12% reduction in state hopelessness scores, even when considering other factors such as depression.
The Cigna Foundation has awarded a $100,000 World of Difference grant to NYU College of Nursing to develop a program supporting racial minority and older women with or at risk for heart disease. The program aims to improve self-care behaviors and promote healthy habits through community-based support and social media facilitation.
Researchers found that Parkin triggers 'cellular suicide' in damaged nerve cells, depending on the degree of damage, and may help weed out faulty neurons. This discovery could lead to a new understanding of how Parkinson's disease arises.
A recent study has discovered a genotype variant that speeds up the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in mice, leading to faster disease progression and shorter life spans. The research aims to better understand the molecular pathway of this accelerated model to develop more successful drug trials for all ALS patients.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a molecule that can capture potent greenhouse gases, including Freons and fluorocarbons. The molecule's lightweight structure with microscopic pores makes it an attractive solution for capturing large quantities of greenhouse gases.
Researchers at UT Arlington's Biophysics and Physiology Lab developed new methods for optogenetic stimulation of brain neurons, guiding axons to form loops in the lab. The advancements aim to map neural circuitry and potentially treat conditions like chronic pain and drug addiction.
The University of Houston has been awarded a $1.5 million grant from the National Science Foundation to train students in cybersecurity. The program aims to attract talented graduate students and build a community of well-qualified scholars in this area.
A new study by American Marketing Association found that customers are more likely to buy when they can donate to good causes, with moderate discounts also driving sales. The study suggests that offering charity options alongside products can significantly increase purchases.
Scientists at Florida Atlantic University have discovered that sulindac can protect against oxidative damage due to age-related macular degeneration. This finding suggests an inexpensive and relatively non-toxic therapeutic approach for treating this condition.
A five-year, $750,000 grant will be used to prepare rehabilitation counselors at Georgia State University to work with people with mental illness and psychiatric disabilities. The program aims to address diverse populations and provide innovative training and practice-related needs for the profession of rehabilitation counseling.
A University of Texas at Arlington computer scientist is studying smarter route selection and adaptive cover traffic to protect online privacy. The research aims to route traffic around powerful eavesdroppers and add noise to confuse adversaries.
Research suggests that guidelines limiting duration of overseas deployment in UK troops may have prevented 138 cases of PTSD, among other mental health issues. The Harmony Guidelines, introduced in 2006, limited tours to 13 months or less over a 3-year period.
Botanists at Trinity College Dublin have developed a massive database of plant life histories, gathering data on nearly 600 species over 48 years. The COMPADRE Plant Matrix database will help researchers answer questions about plant conservation and adaptation to climate change.
A study by University of Maryland cybersecurity experts found that only 13% of websites patched their software correctly and implemented additional security measures to secure systems. The team's analysis revealed a significant drop in revocation rates during weekends, highlighting the human factor's role in computer security.
The UofL Trover Campus has received a national award for its innovative programs to address the shortage of physicians in rural areas. The campus offers training, mentorship, and clinical opportunities to medical students from underserved regions.
Researchers identified a specific bacterial family that is highly heritable and more common in individuals with low body weight. Transplanting this microbe into mice prevented weight gain, suggesting its potential as a treatment for obesity.
Kansas State University's Konza Prairie Biological Station will continue to conduct long-term ecological research with a renewed $6.76 million NSF grant. The grant supports research on the impact of land-use change, climatic variability, and restoration ecology on tallgrass prairie ecosystems.
A recent study from Weill Cornell Medicine found that nearly one in five nursing home residents experienced mistreatment from fellow residents, including verbal and physical abuse. The research suggests targeting interventions towards vulnerable individuals with dementia or mood disorders to address this widespread problem.
The Undergraduate STEM Education Coalition has released a sourcebook offering practical advice on how to achieve widespread and sustained transformation in teaching in STEM disciplines. The publication highlights the need for institutional capacity-building and overcoming barriers to faculty adopting effective teaching practices.
A Syracuse University geologist has discovered a correlation between earthquakes and landslides in Peru, suggesting that earthquakes may be the primary trigger for landslide activity. By analyzing river sediment particles, he found that erosion rates from landslides have not changed in response to climatic changes.
Despite early differences and biases, women's participation in math-intensive sciences levels out after earning a PhD, but disparities persist in certain fields. Interventions targeting early education and work-life balance are needed to increase representation in STEM fields.
The American College of Physicians recommends increasing daily fluid intake to at least two liters to reduce kidney stone recurrence. Additionally, medication with a thiazide diuretic, citrate, or allopurinol can effectively reduce stone recurrence in patients with calcium stones.
A Canadian study found that men, seniors, and smokers are among the most likely to forego bariatric surgery, despite not being turned away due to payment. Researchers are now exploring why these patients drop out to improve operational efficiency and provide proper support.
Shared accountability between patients and clinicians can improve patient-centered outcomes and reduce morbidity and mortality. The report proposes incorporating patient actions into performance measures, tracking lifestyle changes, medication adherence, and follow-up appointments.
Michigan AHEC will use the funds to develop its infrastructure, promote health career preparation initiatives, and provide clinical experiences for underrepresented minorities. The goal is to address primary care shortages in underserved communities across Michigan.
The Institute of Medicine and National Research Council report highlights the critical period of young adulthood, characterized by brain maturation and increasing health risks. The committee calls for improved educational, economic, social, and health supports to promote equal opportunities and reduce disparities among young adults.
The study identified a genotype that can predict survival in people who live longer, as well as risk factors for cognitive decline and frailty. Hearing impairment is also linked to increased risk of frailty, according to the findings.
A study by Kansas State University researchers suggests that bat influenza viruses are unlikely to pose a pandemic threat to humans. The team characterized the viruses using synthetic technology and next-generation sequencing, finding they have a low risk of transmission.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that 48% of top 125 US college campuses have indoor tanning facilities on or near campus. The presence of these facilities may passively reinforce tanning behavior among young adults, increasing their risk for skin cancer.
Shiv Halasyamani, a professor at the University of Houston, has been recognized with the 2014 Roy-Somiya Award for his outstanding work in solvothermal research. His research focuses on hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis of new functional inorganic materials.
A new study at the University of Kentucky aims to address the challenges faced by individuals with autism as they complete high school and prepare for adulthood. The Collaborative Model for Promoting Competence and Success (COMPASS) will be adapted for young adults, focusing on skills training, social support, and transition planning.
A simplified frailty index based on the ACS NSQIP database can predict mortality and serious complications in older patients. Patients with high frailty scores had a significantly higher mortality rate and risk of postoperative complications.
Researchers estimate approximately 2 million pounds of recoverable medical supplies exist annually in nonrural US academic medical centers. Donations from the SHARE program could alleviate global surgical disease burdens and reduce environmental impact domestically.
The Department of Environmental Quality has awarded a $1.6 million grant to continue the water cleanup project at the Tar Creek Superfund site, led by Professor Robert Nairn and his team. The project aims to restore balance to the communities and wildlife in northeast Oklahoma.
The National Research Mentoring Network aims to address disparities in biomedical research by connecting underrepresented groups with mentors and opportunities. The five-year initiative, led by Professor David Burgess at Boston College, will draw on expertise from four universities and a consortium of academic institutions.
A recent study published in Biological Psychiatry found that infants' preference for human faces over objects is associated with reduced callous and unemotional behaviors in toddlerhood. The research also showed that mother-child interactions during playtime can influence a child's emotional development.
A new study shows that adding extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) during CPR significantly improves survival rates and neurological recovery in cardiac arrest patients. In a study of 100 ECMO procedures, 53% of patients were discharged with full neurological recovery.
The grant will establish home health services for clients with intellectual and developmental disabilities, providing primary care, mental health, and specialty services. The project aims to extend care coordination and compassionate service integration across institutions.
A new study published in CHEST journal found that CPAP compliance does not impair sexual quality of life in patients with sleep apnea. The research surveyed 52 patients on CPAP and found no significant difference between compliant and non-compliant groups.
A large-scale study published in CHEST shows a striking decrease in mortality rates for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from 46.8% in 1996 to 32.2% in 2011, with an 8.9% absolute reduction between 2000-2005. Advances in critical care medicine are seen as the primary cause of this decline.
A study by Sam Houston State University's Crime Victims' Institute found that Texas campus police often fail to respond effectively to stalking cases due to victim fears and lack of policies. The report calls for improved strategies and partnerships between law enforcement and colleges to better support victims.