Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Professor Eamonn Keogh's wireless bug sensor technology uses a text message system to alert farmers about harmful insects, reducing pesticide costs and increasing profits. The Vodafone Americas Foundation Wireless Innovation Project award recognizes innovative solutions for social good.
A new study found that consumers rejected by others are more likely to volunteer or donate to a worthy cause, while those ignored tend to engage in conspicuous consumption. The researchers propose that this is because people who feel rejected attempt to reconnect with society through prosocial behavior.
A study by Michel Tuan Pham, Leonard Lee, and Andrew T. Stephen found that individuals who trusted their feelings were better able to predict future events than those with less trust. The 'emotional oracle effect' was proven across various predictions, including weather, stock market movements, and movie success.
A new 12-month project will examine the effects of sight loss on physical activity in older adults. The study, funded by the Thomas Pocklington Trust, aims to improve understanding and develop policies promoting health and wellbeing in those affected by sight loss.
Fungal infections destroy over 125 million tonnes of crops annually, equivalent to $60 billion in damages. New fungal diseases also threaten the extinction of over 500 species of amphibian and endangered animals, posing a significant threat to global food security and biodiversity.
Hispanics face disadvantage relative to whites under the Texas top 10 percent policy, according to a Princeton University study. The study found that affirmative action policies are more efficient in diversifying college campuses than racial quotas.
A study published in Nature Communications found that sAPP-α, a secreted portion of APP, acts as an essential stop-gap mechanism to regulate APP production. Monitoring and correcting low sAPP-α levels or enhancing its association with BACE1 may help prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease.
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has received a $70,450 NSF grant to improve middle and high school science education. The program includes two workshops and annual mini-grant opportunities for teachers to develop hands-on curricula.
Researchers have identified two inherited-genetic deletions in the human genome that significantly increase a man's risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer. One deletion affects a known gene, while the other is found in non-coding DNA and regulates a cascade of genes.
Dr. Neng Chen received the 2012 Richard King Trainee Award for her high-quality research published in Genetics in Medicine. The award encourages and recognizes outstanding publications by ABMG trainees.
Barone, a University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine student, was honored for her research on treating genetic disorders in the pediatric setting. She will receive travel costs to the ACMG Annual Clinical Genetics Meeting thanks to Signature Genomics' generous support.
A new medical college admission test (MCAT) is proposed to prioritize knowledge of behavioral and social sciences. The authors argue that this shift will help practicing physicians address modifiable behaviors contributing to premature deaths in the US.
A recent study found that sexual objectification of female artists in music videos is a pervasive issue across all genres, with African-American artists wearing more provocative attire. The research suggests that music videos can play a significant role in shaping young audiences' perceptions of attractiveness and value.
The University of South Florida has launched its first CAMLS fellowship sponsored by Simbionix, a leading provider of medical simulation training. The fellowship will focus on leadership development in healthcare simulation education and training for students in medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and public health professions.
A recent study published in Nature sequenced exomes of 175 trios with autism spectrum disorder and found many new gene mutations, but few definitive causes. The researchers observed an increased protein-protein connectivity among affected genes and implicated two genes, KATNAL2 and CHD8, as potential risk factor genes.
A new study suggests that income inequality and distrust foster academic dishonesty. The research, published in Psychological Science, found that states with higher income inequality had lower levels of trust and more evidence of cheating among students.
The National Endowment for the Humanities has awarded $17 million in grants to two University of Houston professors, Natalie Houston and Casey Dué Hackney. The grants will support innovative digital humanities projects, including a book history project and an undergraduate course on the ownership of the past.
The National Collegiate Athletic Association is funding a study to examine the effects of sports-related concussions on student-athletes over their college careers and beyond. The study aims to identify factors that contribute to later problems, such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy, in order to minimize risks.
R. Rodney Howell, a prominent pediatrician and geneticist, has been honored with the 2012 American College of Medical Genetics Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award for his work in newborn screening and genetic research. He is recognized for his leadership role in developing and advancing the program.
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) has endorsed six standardized measures to determine rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. These measures are sensitive to change, can discriminate between low, moderate, and high disease activity states, and include remission criteria, making them feasible to perform in a clinical setting.
A new study published by the American College of Surgeons found that patients who underwent an operation as part of their cancer treatment and started a regular walking regimen experienced less fatigue than those who did not. After three months, the intervention group reported a 27% improvement in fatigue, compared to a 19% improvement...
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) has released updated guidelines for the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologic agents in treating rheumatoid arthritis. The new recommendations aim to improve treatment outcomes and quality of life for patients.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that early surgical intervention for children with perforated appendicitis reduces hospital charges and clinical complications. Early appendectomy patients had better outcomes and fewer adverse events compared to those who underwent the procedure later.
Researchers have developed a simple technique to teach civilians to break camouflage, with 60% of volunteers achieving proficiency in just two weeks. The Army is using this method to improve its sniping skills, and researchers are studying the brain activity involved.
Researchers have designed a powerful gene therapy strategy to treat beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia by transferring a healthy beta-globin gene into diseased cells. The new technique has shown promising results, with increased production of normal hemoglobin in patients.
The Hadal Ecosystem Studies program will conduct detailed studies of life in major deep ocean trenches, comparing findings between trenches around the world. Researchers aim to unravel how organisms have evolved to survive in extreme environments.
A large-scale study analyzing 190,000 patients found that bypass surgery resulted in a lower death rate compared to coronary angioplasty. The study's lead investigator notes that while bypass surgery is not the best option for every patient, it can now be recommended with more confidence.
A novel monoclonal antibody, SAR236553/REGN727, has been shown to dramatically lower circulating LDL cholesterol by 40-72% in patients, providing a potential new treatment option for those resistant to statins. The study's results demonstrate a dose-response effect, with higher doses resulting in greater reductions in LDL cholesterol.
A dual-chamber pacemaker reduces the relative risk of fainting episodes by 57% in patients with severe asystolic NMS, according to a new study. The treatment is effective in reducing syncopal recurrences in this highly selected population.
A new study reveals that short-track speed skaters' brains undergo significant structural adaptations in response to training, particularly in the right hemisphere of the cerebellum. This results in enhanced balance and coordination abilities, essential for high-speed cornering and passing on ice.
A new study reveals that non-invasive coronary CT angiography (CCTA) scans can quickly and reliably determine which patients with chest pain can be safely discharged from emergency departments. The test was found to have a lower 30-day event rate than traditional care, making it a valuable tool for identifying low-risk patients.
Researchers find stressed corals and brown flocculent material at depths of up to 4,300 feet, contradicting initial assumption that such ecosystems are immune to surface spills. The study's findings suggest the Deepwater Horizon spill had a more far-reaching impact than previously thought.
Two-year data show comparable death and durability rates between catheter-placed heart valves and open-heart surgery in very old patients. Valve durability appears to be comparable, with no significant difference in mortality between the two groups over time.
The CORONARY trial found that off-pump CABG reduces the need for blood products, reoperations, and pulmonary complications, but increases the risk of technical failure. The study suggests that patient-specific decisions can be made for bypass surgery, allowing surgeons to individualize the technique.
A new CMS requirement mandates deeper sedation, adding $844 to ICD implant costs; Researchers recommend revising guidelines to minimize unnecessary expenses while preserving patient safety
A study found that moderate isoflavone intake can lower systolic blood pressure in young adults, with a notable benefit for African Americans. Isoflavones may help compensate for endothelial dysfunction, a condition that plays a bigger role in hypertension in African Americans.
A new study has found that a three-drug regimen is as safe and effective as a double-dose two-drug treatment in preventing blood clots after angioplasty. The study compared the effectiveness of adding cilostazol to conventional dual anti-platelet therapy versus doubling the dose of clopidogrel.
Research suggests that interventions targeting obesity in adolescents should be tailored to gender differences, with exercise and sports benefiting boys and drinking milk predicting healthier weight in girls. Regular physical activity and improved school lunches are also key predictors of obesity.
A new study found that pregnancy increases the risk of heart attack, with more severe attacks and different causes than in non-pregnant women. The standard approach to managing heart attacks during pregnancy may not always be best, and alternative treatments may be needed to prevent complications.
A genetic finding has identified a human gene that influences how we respond to influenza infection. People carrying a particular variant of the IFITM3 gene are more likely to be hospitalized with severe flu symptoms than those with other variants.
A large-scale study found that underweight patients are twice as likely to experience complications or die during ICD insertion compared to obese and normal-weight patients. Smaller body size is associated with longer hospital stays, more complications, and increased risk of dying from the procedure.
A 10-week program combining interactive lessons and healthier food options significantly reduced cardiovascular risk factors in sixth-graders. Students showed improvements in dietary habits, physical activity levels, and physiological markers such as blood pressure and cholesterol.
Researchers recommend including race-specific criteria to reduce false positives and anxiety among healthy black athletes. A study found 43% of black athletes would be identified for further investigation under current guidelines.
A nationwide CPR training effort in Denmark led to a significant increase in bystander CPR, from 20% in 2001 to 44% in 2010, resulting in improved cardiac arrest survival rates. The study found patients treated with CPR or AEDs by bystanders were about four times more likely to survive 30 days after the cardiac event.
A recent study found that community hospitals can safely and effectively perform elective angioplasty without on-site cardiac surgery units. The study showed no significant differences in death rates or complications between patients undergoing elective angioplasty at facilities with and without on-site cardiac surgery units.
A Canadian study reveals that non-cardiac co-morbidities such as COPD and chronic kidney disease are the main predictors of late mortality after TAVI, emphasizing the importance of closer patient evaluation and follow-up. The study also shows that valve performance is maintained throughout the follow-up period.
A sharp rise in blood pressure in midlife can increase a person's risk of heart disease later in life. Early detection and treatment of rapidly rising blood pressure may be required to prevent long-term damage to the heart.
The International multicenter ADVANCE study found significant improvement in valve function and low mortality rates at 30 days after TAVI. The study analyzed data from 1,015 high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis.
Researchers found that chimpanzees switched to two legs in high-competition situations to carry more resources. This adaptation may have led to natural selection and the origin of human bipedalism.
Researchers developed a computer program to track dementia spread in the human brain, predicting future cognitive declines. The model identifies neural sub-networks where misfolded proteins collect, altering normal brain function across affected areas.
Researchers at Iowa State University have developed a new approach for scheduling and pricing wholesale electric power, aiming to improve reliability and reduce costs in the face of increasing renewable energy sources. The goal is to create better schedules that optimize generation levels and minimize forecast errors.
Researchers at Imperial College London have developed a way to 're-wire' DNA in yeast, creating a new type of biological wire that can be easily re-engineered. This breakthrough enables the creation of potentially complex biological machines with applications in pollution monitoring and cleaner fuels.
Winifred Edgerton Merrill was the first woman to earn a PhD in mathematics in the United States. She overcame obstacles, including being forced to study harder by male classmates, to achieve her academic goal. Her pioneering work helped found Barnard College and inspired future generations of women in math and education.
A new study found that using 'I don't' instead of 'I can't' when facing temptation can increase feelings of autonomy and empowerment, leading to positive behavioral change. The strategy was effective in promoting long-term adherence to healthy habits.
A groundbreaking gene therapy trial for cystic fibrosis will begin in March, involving 130 adults and children with the disease. The trial aims to assess whether repeated doses of gene therapy can improve symptoms and lung function in patients.
A study published in JAMA found that the number of stroke victims transported via ambulance has remained relatively static over the years, emphasizing the importance of recognizing stroke symptoms and calling 911. Early treatment is possible with effective drugs and surgeries that can minimize brain damage from a stroke.
Patients with high alcohol screening scores experience longer hospital stays, more ICU days, and increased return to the operating room compared to low-risk drinkers. Preoperative alcohol screening may identify patients at risk for increased postoperative healthcare resource usage.
Gene Kritsky will give the Entomology Founders' Memorial Award lecture at Entomology 2012, honoring Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. Dr. Kritsky's research has significantly contributed to understanding periodical cicadas and apiculture.
A study by Jessi Witt and coauthors found that visual illusions can improve sports performance, particularly in free throws. By projecting a ring of circles around the basket, players sank more putts when the hole looked bigger—about 10 percent more.
African Americans in Georgia have poorer survival rates from cancer compared to national averages, with racial disparities widening rural areas. The study found that MIRs were higher for African Americans than whites across all cancer sites, particularly prostate, cervical, and oral cancers.