Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study found that stemmed metal-on-metal (MOM) hip replacements fail at much higher rates than other types, especially in women and those with larger head sizes. The authors call for a ban on the use of stemmed MOM implants due to poor implant survival.
A new cross-cultural study found that people reported better mental quality of life as they age, despite a decrease in physical quality of life. The study also found that being overweight or obese did not have a significant impact on mental well-being levels, contradicting the 'jolly fat' hypothesis.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have developed a new tool to image small-molecule metabolites in living cells, offering clues about how to treat disorders. The technology uses modified RNA called 'Spinach' to sense levels of target metabolites in real-time.
Researchers develop a new approach to regenerating and transplanting organs using artificial scaffolds with patient stem cells, promising a potential solution to the organ donor shortage crisis. The technique requires no human donors, has no rejection issues, and eliminates the need for immunosuppressive drugs.
Researchers have identified a specific gene linked to throat cancer in a family study. A mutation in the ATR gene was found to be present in all members of the affected family who developed throat cancer.
A new study suggests that extending treatment to moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease patients with the commonly used dementia drug donepezil can help treat more patients worldwide. The trial found that continued treatment resulted in improved cognitive and functional abilities, with benefits noticeable to patients for at least a year.
The American College of Rheumatology has released the first classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica, aimed at improving diagnosis and treatment. The new criteria define key disease features that help identify patients with this condition.
A medical school in Ireland has successfully implemented a radiation protection program for undergraduate medical students, improving their knowledge of radiation protection. The program was designed as an e-learning module and resulted in significant improvements in students' post-module radiation protection knowledge.
Researchers have developed a web-based therapeutic programme called Fatigue In Teenagers on the interNET (FITNET) that is substantially more effective than standard treatment in reducing symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome. After 6 months, 63% of adolescents receiving FITNET reported recovery, compared to 16% on standard care.
Research by Penn State found that breathing cold air during exercise causes uneven oxygen distribution throughout the heart, particularly in those with coronary artery disease. Healthy individuals can redistribute blood flow, but those with heart problems may not be able to compensate, making activities like shoveling snow dangerous.
Researchers found women from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and those with lower GPAs used condoms less frequently. Condom use declined as binge drinking increased.
A study of over 34,000 adults found that middle-class children have benefited the most from increased access to higher education. The expansion of universities between 2001 and 2016 saw a significant increase in degrees among those born into managerial or intermediate occupations.
A new study published by King's College London reveals that stroke is the leading cause of death among older people in low- and middle-income countries. The study also highlights the importance of education and social protection in prolonging life, with education being a strong protective factor against mortality.
A new study by Gustavo Carlo found that Mexican-American college students' family and peer attachments are associated with prosocial and physically aggressive behaviors. College students with strong relationships reported less physical aggression and higher empathy levels.
Researchers found that morning temperatures played a significant role in football player deaths, with the eastern US seeing higher heat index values. The study also highlights the importance of proper training and emergency management to prevent heat-related illnesses.
Researchers found that individuals who trust their feelings are consistently more accurate in predicting future events, including election outcomes and box-office success. The 'emotional oracle effect' suggests that feelings provide access to a privileged window of knowledge and information, allowing for better predictions.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College found that a single protein, versican, is key to reversing the process of cancer metastasis in breast cancer. When versican was stopped from functioning, breast cancer could not seed itself into the lungs and form secondary tumors.
StopTheHacker, a UC Riverside graduate-led start-up, has received $1.1 million in funding to launch sales and marketing of its web site security product that uses artificial intelligence algorithms to detect malware. The company aims to help small and medium-sized businesses protect themselves against hacker attacks.
A University of Nevada, Reno economist found that employer-sponsored workers on temporary visas who acquire green cards increase their annual incomes by about $11,860. This is due to the six-year wait period for green card approval and employers' willingness to hold workers over 'a barrel,' limiting job opportunities and wage growth.
Researchers have provided experimental evidence confirming Alan Turing's 1950s theory on how biological patterns such as tiger stripes are formed. The study identifies the specific morphogens involved in this process, including FGF and Shh, and demonstrates a mechanism that is widely relevant in vertebrate development.
A study published in Nature suggests that faulty fat sensor GPR120 may contribute to obesity and liver disease. Mice deficient in GPR120 are more prone to developing these conditions when fed a high-fat diet, highlighting the protein as a promising target for new treatments.
The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE) recognizes outstanding individuals for their contributions to gerontology education, research, and practice. The Clark Tibbitts Award honors colleagues near retirement or recently retired who have provided leadership in AGHE projects.
A group of over 150 paediatricians warn that the UK Government's proposed reforms will lead to increased fragmentation in care, harming vulnerable children and families. The bill is expected to limit choice and increase inequalities in healthcare outcomes.
Four Boston College faculty members, Michelle Meyer, Ying Ran, Dunwei Wang, and Liane Young, have received the 2012 Sloan Research Fellowships for their groundbreaking research in various fields. The award recognizes their exceptional contributions to science and their potential to make significant impacts in the future.
A large-scale study found that young urban Sri Lankans have a high prevalence of risk factors for type 2 diabetes, including raised BMI and physical inactivity. The research highlights the need for early intervention and preventive strategies to address this growing public health concern.
A study by North Carolina State University found that most college athletics departments lack formal relationships with campus groups working on sustainability initiatives. Athletic department representatives understand the importance of sustainability, but few have incorporated sustainable practices into their strategic plans.
A NYU nursing-dental research team discovered that oral blood samples drawn from deep pockets of periodontal inflammation can measure hemoglobin A1c, a key indicator of diabetes status. The study found minimal false positive and negative results, making it a promising alternative to finger-stick samples.
Researchers found that hospitals with better patient ratings tend to have lower death rates and readmission rates. Hospitals rated as cleaner also have lower rates of MRSA infections. The study suggests that NHS Choices ratings may provide useful information for patients making care choices.
Research published in Postgraduate Medical Journal reveals significant variations in pass rates for UK medical graduates in MRCOG Part 1 and Part 2 written examinations. Doctors from top-performing medical schools like Oxford and Cambridge had higher pass rates compared to those from lower-performing schools like Southampton and Wales.
A new study reveals that children living near coal-tar-sealed pavement are at risk of receiving a higher dose of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from incidental ingestion of house dust, surpassing the PAH dose from food by more than two times.
A study by NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell researchers has identified simple methods to detect consciousness in patients with severe brain injuries. Despite being unable to communicate, some patients can generate reliable patterns of brain activity in response to instructed commands.
A nationwide study has found that chromosomal microarray testing detects additional genetic abnormalities in about 1 in 70 normal karyotype samples and 6% of cases with structural abnormalities. The new test may soon replace standard karyotyping for prenatal testing, providing more information on potential disorders.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people rate the last chocolate as more enjoyable and favorite, regardless of flavor. The 'last-is-best' bias is a real phenomenon that affects everyday life, making judgments fairer by being aware of it.
Youssef Kousa, a fifth-year osteopathic student, has been awarded the prestigious Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award for his work on identifying causes of cleft palate. He will use this fellowship to study gene mutations and develop interventions to prevent birth defects.
Researchers created an emergency general surgery registry (EGSR) to analyze and improve surgical outcomes for patients. The registry includes ICD-9 codes to define and evaluate EGS cases, covering a range of pathologies including appendectomy, hernia repair, and cholecystectomy.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) endorses the use of metformin as the initial treatment for most patients with type 2 diabetes, especially when lifestyle modifications have failed. The guideline also advises adding a second drug to metformin when necessary.
Researchers analyzed Martian soil samples and found no microscopic clay particles, suggesting the soil has had a very arid history. The team estimated that liquid water on Mars was present for at most 5,000 years since its formation, making it unlikely for life to maintain a foothold on the surface.
A study by Penn State researchers found that media coverage of college football quarterbacks perpetuates stereotypes about African American leadership, associating losses with failed leadership and victories with natural ability. This bias may contribute to barriers for black leaders in organizations.
Outcomes for unruptured brain aneurysms treatment have remained stagnant over the last 10 years, attributed to minimally invasive endoscopic coiling procedures at lower-volume community hospitals. These procedures lead to inferior outcomes and increased technical shortcomings or errors in judgment.
A Cornell University study reveals that attending college lowers marriage chances for those from low-income backgrounds, but increases chances for those in higher social strata. Social and cultural factors, not just income, play a central role in marriage decisions, according to the research.
Researchers found that parent-based and peer-based interventions reduced heavy drinking among non-drinkers and heavy drinkers. The study identified four sub-groups of drinkers, including weekend non-bingers and heavy drinkers, with promising intervention effects.
A new genetic study has found a strong link between the body clock hormone melatonin and type 2 diabetes. Carrying rare genetic mutations in the MT2 gene increases a person's risk of developing type 2 diabetes six times, suggesting a direct link between melatonin regulation and insulin release.
Researchers at Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry found that differences in systolic blood pressure between arms are associated with increased risk of vascular disease and mortality. A difference of 10mm Hg or more is linked to an increased risk of peripheral vascular disease, pre-existing cerebrovascular disease, and mortality.
Researchers identified a genetic variation in the RBMS3 gene that increases the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients taking bisphosphonates. A genetic screening test could help determine safe treatment options, reducing the need for medication discontinuation or invasive dental procedures.
A study of 3,796 students found that off-campus party hosts consume an average of almost nine drinks, compared to 7.5 drinks consumed by guests. In contrast, on-campus party hosts drink less than their attendees. The findings could guide efforts to curb excessive drinking at college parties.
Researchers have identified the 'speed gene' in modern Thoroughbred racehorses as originating from a single British mare around 300 years ago. This finding was made by analyzing DNA from hundreds of horses and is significant for understanding the evolution of racing strategies.
A regional surgical quality collaborative significantly improved surgical outcomes, reducing rates of acute renal failure and surgical site infections. The Tennessee Surgical Quality Collaborative saved $2,197,543 per 10,000 general and vascular surgery cases compared to 2009 results.
The March of Dimes has launched a virtual network to prevent preterm birth, with the goal of reducing the rate to 9.6%. The network aims to share information on successful programs and policies to prevent preterm births, resulting in better health outcomes for babies.
Researchers found that daily positive affect and self-affirmation strategies helped patients make better decisions about their health. The interventions increased physical activity for coronary artery disease patients and improved medication adherence for those with high blood pressure.
Expert Rongfang Liu will address concerns about China's high-speed rail development at the Transportation Research Board conference. Her research suggests that investments in high-speed rails can receive adequate returns when linked to investment recovery periods and fare structures corresponding to traveler demographics.
Researchers found artists average 3.95-6.16 years on album charts, 34% debut once, 50% on singles chart; second phase examines music trends and artist longevity
A recent study found that the number of deaths at home in the UK has increased significantly since 2004, with more than one-fifth of total deaths occurring at home. The trend reversal is particularly notable among those aged 85 and over, who are now dying at home more often than ever before.
Researchers found that HIV induces expression of the COX-2/prostaglandin E2 inflammatory pathway in cervical tissue samples from Haitian women. Aspirin's potential role in preventing cervical cancer is being explored as a simple and inexpensive solution for high-risk populations.
Researchers have successfully replicated the evolution from single-celled organisms to multicellular clusters in a laboratory setting, mirroring the transition that led to life on Earth. The experiment involved natural selection and brewer's yeast, resulting in cooperative cell clusters that exhibit genetic similarity.
The University of California, Riverside has received a $2 million award to build solar arrays and advanced battery storage systems for electric vehicles. The project will also install an electric trolley and grid management system to provide clean energy to clean vehicles efficiently.
A recent study published in Arthritis & Rheumatism found a rapid increase in knee replacement surgeries among women aged 50-59, with incidences higher in younger age groups. The study's findings suggest that more data is needed on the long-term effects of knee replacement surgeries in younger patients.
A new study from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln found that employees who imagine positive, resourceful co-workers are more productive in reality. The study used projective storytelling to assess participants' perceptions of their imaginary colleagues and predicted real-life work outcomes with high accuracy.
A new study reveals a 47-million-year-old primate, Notharctus tenebrosus, with a toe bone showing features of both nails and a grooming claw. This finding challenges previous classifications of primates and raises questions about the evolution of claws in our ancestors.
A new study in Armed Forces & Society explores how the US military contributed to the widespread appeal of college football. The research highlights the role of World Wars in bringing about issues like payment of college athletes.
Researchers have identified a urinary biomarker called uNGAL that can diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI) in emergency patients within 30 minutes, reducing the risk of in-hospital death. The study found that combining uNGAL with creatinine levels significantly improves the identification of patients at risk of death or dialysis.