Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The study found that a small amount of money can be an effective motivator, encouraging drivers to arrive earlier or leave later during peak hours. By leveraging social responsibility and game theory, the Capri program aims to reduce rush hour traffic by a few hundred cars.
Researchers have discovered multiple genes associated with meconium ileus, a severe intestinal obstruction present at birth in CF patients. This finding suggests the possibility of personalized approaches to treatment and novel therapeutic targets for individuals with cystic fibrosis.
Researchers from the University of Leeds and international teams studied magma chambers on mid-ocean ridges, revealing new information about their location and behavior. The findings can help scientists identify early warning signs of impending eruptions, which is crucial for predicting large volcanic events.
Arizona State University's Global Institute of Sustainability will develop and deploy solutions to sustainability challenges, including energy and climate change. The $27.5 million Walton investment will support four strategies to educate future leaders in sustainability.
A new study from Tel Aviv University finds that intelligence is a more accurate predictor of future career success than socio-economic background. Intelligence was shown to have a direct correlation with an upward wage trajectory, indicating that it plays a crucial role in long-term career advancement.
A Rice University study found that federal efforts were most effective at reducing pollutants, while state implementation plans played a smaller role. The study's findings suggest that nationally, ozone levels have improved substantially due to federal and EPA efforts.
Kyung J. Cho, Dimitris Kelekis and Louis G. Martin received the SIR Gold Medal for their contributions to advancing the quality of medicine and patient care in interventional radiology. They are recognized for their clinical work, research and education contributions.
A 36-hour operation successfully transplanted both jaws, teeth, and tongue as part of the most extensive full face transplant to date. The procedure was led by Dr. Eduardo D. Rodriguez and involved a multi-disciplinary team of surgeons and medical staff.
A University of Oregon sociologist warns that cultural inertia is hindering efforts to address climate change. She argues that serious discussions about solutions are mired in societal resistance to change, which must be recognized and addressed at all levels.
The ACS president will focus on climate science, graduate education, and commemorating the Morrill Land Grant Act. The initiative aims to advance chemistry through research, education, and innovation, while communicating its value to society.
The survey found that 81% of employers target lifestyle habits such as physical activity, tobacco use, and weight management. Employers that tracked screening results reported measurable improved outcomes in blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and body mass index.
Physicists at the National University of Singapore have developed a scheme to simulate neutrino oscillations using three charged ions. This quantum simulation could aid in understanding more complex models of neutrino behavior and potentially inspire simulations of other particles with similar properties.
Research finds that a supportive supervisor can significantly reduce employee absenteeism, even in hazardous work environments. Employees who feel supported by their supervisors are less likely to miss work due to perceived job hazards or peer pressure.
A recent study by North Carolina State University researchers found that over half of mobile apps in the Google Play market contain ad libraries that track user location, access call logs, and phone numbers. These libraries pose security risks as they can bypass Android security efforts and potentially launch malware attacks.
The FASEB MARC Program has announced the travel award recipients for the Experimental Biology 2012 meeting, aiming to promote entry of underrepresented minority students and postdoctorates into the mainstream of basic science. A total of 122 awards worth $201,300 were conferred this year.
A group of 32 leading experts argues for immediate and ambitious reforms in global environmental governance to address critical tipping points in the Earth system. The authors propose a new framework for sustainability governance, including the creation of a Sustainable Development Council and upgrades to the UN Environment Program.
Recent generations, including millennials, are less interested in community issues, politics, and environment. A 40-year study of young adults found a decline in political participation, concern for others, and interest in saving the environment.
American signal crayfish are gaining the upper hand in Britain's waterways, threatening native white-clawed crayfish populations. The invasive species' greater appetite for food and reduced susceptibility to parasites have significant implications for biodiversity.
Winifred Edgerton Merrill was the first woman to earn a PhD in mathematics in the United States. She overcame obstacles, including being forced to study harder by male classmates, to achieve her academic goal. Her pioneering work helped found Barnard College and inspired future generations of women in math and education.
The US GEOTRACES initiative will conduct a grand-scale, coordinated experiment in the Arctic Ocean to better understand climate change impacts on ecosystems and geochemical cycles. The project aims to establish a baseline for future measurements and inform feedback mechanisms for Arctic change.
Dr. Amanda C. Hodges received the 2012 Distinguished Achievement Award in Extension for her extensive work on plant pest diagnostics, training, and research. Dr. Gregg S. Nuessly was awarded the 2011 Distinguished Achievement Award in Horticultural Entomology for his contributions to research and extension projects on turfgrass pests.
A Baylor University study found that narcissism impairs ethical judgment in both nominal and devout Christians, but to varying degrees. The research revealed that higher levels of narcissism are associated with worse ethical judgment among these groups, suggesting a dramatic transformation in their behavior.
Researchers have developed a mathematical method to forecast the movement of oil and ash in the environment following disasters. This technique uses Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCSs) to detect the cores of complex patterns in ocean flows, predicting dramatic changes in pollution patterns.
The ESA Southwestern Branch presented awards to Apurba Barman for his Outstanding Ph.D. Student Award and Rachel Mohr for her PhD Oral Presentation and Poster Presentation. The awardees showcased their research on entomology and its applications in agriculture, forensic science, and livestock management.
Two University of Houston students, Emilio Herrera and Victoria Reyes, have received the Hogg Foundation Bilingual Scholarship to pursue graduate studies in social work. The scholarship supports bilingual mental health services in Texas and attracts high-quality students from underrepresented communities.
A University of Miami study found that tiger sharks in Bahamas Tiger Beach exhibit long-distance migrations up to 3,500 km into the Atlantic Ocean. In contrast, shark feeding for ecotourism in Florida waters has no impact on behavior.
Researchers found that brains use a simplistic strategy to filter out options, leading to poor choices and potentially contributing to depression. The study suggests a link between this 'pruning' bias and brain chemical serotonin, which is involved in both avoidance and depression.
Researchers at Rice University found that minority principals and administrative personnel play a key role in implementing policies to engage immigrant parents. Cultural brokers with connections to parents' racial or ethnic origin group also have a positive impact on school policies and practices.
Georgia Tech associate professor Hermann Fritz and his team are studying the impact of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami on the Sanriku coast using terrestrial laser scanners and eyewitness video. They have mapped the tsunami's height and flood zone, which could produce flooding forecasts to influence evacuation plans and building designs.
Researchers are developing models of different parts of the human body, which will ultimately build into a complete digital replica of a patient. This digital model will be tested with various treatments to predict their effectiveness.
A new study published in PLOS Computational Biology found that our brains use a simplistic strategy to filter out options when faced with complex decisions, leading to poor choices. The researchers also linked this 'pruning' decision-making bias to depressive symptoms, suggesting a possible connection between the two.
Miles C. Barr has developed a lightweight and bendable solar technology that can be integrated into various surfaces, including wallpaper, window shades, and clothing. The technology aims to increase adoption of solar power in the US and developing countries, providing inexpensive power generation.
A study published in PLoS One found that surgery less than 24 hours after a traumatic cervical spine injury leads to reduced neural tissue destruction and improved clinical outcomes. The research, known as the Surgical Timing in Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (STASCIS), involved 313 patients with spinal cord injuries.
A UC Riverside Ph.D. candidate will attempt to summit Mount Everest for the second time, this time as part of his dissertation research on Himalayan mountaineering communities. His research focuses on the types of communities climbers create and the transformation of Sherpa society after decades of aiding international climbers.
Researchers at Baylor University found that fish exposed to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) display abnormal behavior and reduced anxiety. The study used digital tracking software to monitor shelter-seeking behavior in fathead minnows under laboratory conditions.
A new study by Timothy Judge reveals that ambitious people, who typically attend the best colleges and universities, have prestigious careers, and earn high salaries, do not necessarily lead happier or healthier lives. The research tracks 717 high-ability individuals over seven decades and finds a slightly negative impact on longevity.
The new technology, AutoTutor and Affective AutoTutor, can gauge students' emotional states and adjust strategies to help them overcome frustration and boredom. Tested on over 1,000 students, the system produces significant learning gains, outperforming even expert human tutors.
The simulator uses a force model to represent the behavior of thousands of pedestrians, taking into account obstacles and destinations. This allows security services to track the consequences of specific decisions in real-life situations.
Researchers found a link between large dust storms on southern Iceland and accelerated glacial melting, while also increasing nutrients in the North Atlantic Ocean. The iron-rich dust boosts ocean primary productivity and stimulates marine biota growth, drawing down CO2 from the atmosphere.
A new drug has been developed by a Canadian scientist that protects the brain against damaging effects of a stroke, preventing brain cell death and preserving brain function. The study used cynomolgus macaques as an ideal model for humans and showed remarkable recoveries in several scenarios.
A CU Denver study reveals a positive correlation between Green School practices and student achievement in science, with the Midwest region showing the highest average survey score. The research highlights the importance of green schools in promoting environmental literacy and sustainability.
Researchers developed a synthetic molecule that crossed the blood-brain barrier and reduced neuroinflammatory signals, leading to lessened severity of brain damage. The study found that LAU-0901 improved coordination and movement in experimental stroke models, with no discernible side effects.
African monkey DNA analysis reveals population decline linked to warming climate and habitat loss. Conservation efforts urged to protect endangered drill species from poaching and habitat destruction.
A Concordia researcher shows that a parent questionnaire can accurately forecast linguistic ability in toddlers. The study analyzed data from over 300 children and found that those with low scores on the Language Use Inventory were more likely to have language issues later in childhood.
A new study published by King's College London reveals that stroke is the leading cause of death among older people in low- and middle-income countries. The study also highlights the importance of education and social protection in prolonging life, with education being a strong protective factor against mortality.
University of Oregon researchers developed new measuring techniques that monitor nanoparticle growth, reducing waste and environmental risks. By using green chemistry approaches, they improved efficiency and stability of nanoparticles.
Researchers from National University of Singapore and Nanjing University establish a new scalar curvature flow method to solve the prescribing scalar curvature problem. The method adapts Hamilton's Ricci flow approach and infinitely dimensional Morse theory to tackle the problem, providing a stronger conclusion than previous methods.
Dr. Thomas J. Fogarty has revolutionized heart surgery with his invention of the balloon catheter, simplifying and making safer a previously complex procedure. He is also a successful entrepreneur, holding over 135 surgical patents and establishing several research companies.
A new theory developed by John J. Toner extends the concept of flocking to include the effects of birth and death, revealing persistent fluctuations in density. This understanding has potential applications in designing targeted cancer therapies that selectively kill diseased cells while leaving healthy ones intact.
UB researchers develop one-step method to fabricate rainbow-colored polymer with extraordinary properties, reflecting many different wavelengths of light. The material could form basis of handheld multispectral imaging devices for applications in home improvement and biomedical imaging.
A study by the American Psychological Association found that blacks with higher education levels are less likely to seek mental health services than their white counterparts. Cultural barriers such as stigma, lack of knowledge, and trust play a significant role in this disparity.
A research team has found that opportunistic fungi like Candida albicans can sense the immune status of host cells and adapt to evade immune system defenses. The study reveals that these fungi bind to a key immune signaling molecule, Interleukin 17A, allowing them to survive and even cause disease in immunosuppressed patients.
The US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is working closely with the National Academy of Inventors to promote American academic innovation. The collaboration aims to recognize and support inventors at universities, enhance visibility of university technology, and encourage disclosure of intellectual property.
A recent study by a University of Nevada, Reno geophysicist presents evidence that the Cascadia fault line could experience stronger ground-motions than observed in Japan's Tohoku earthquake. The risk is a grim reminder for those living in the Pacific Northwest to be prepared for an earthquake and tsunami.
A University of Nevada, Reno economist found that employer-sponsored workers on temporary visas who acquire green cards increase their annual incomes by about $11,860. This is due to the six-year wait period for green card approval and employers' willingness to hold workers over 'a barrel,' limiting job opportunities and wage growth.
A recent study found that young people in England do not possess the necessary knowledge to adhere to government guidelines for responsible alcohol consumption. The researchers examined students' knowledge and beliefs about safe drinking habits and found that most respondents had incorrect or inaccurate estimates of unit content.
Researchers found that airborne gases get sucked into stubborn smog particles and cannot escape, leading to underestimation of organic aerosols in computer models. This finding has significant implications for understanding the effects of air pollution on public health and climate change.
A majority of college students (64%) are willing to donate blood or genetic material for scientific research. Education plays a role in acceptance, with seniors being more familiar with biobanks and comfortable with the concept.
A recent study published in Cognitive Science shows that a few languages, like the Piraha, lack number words, making it difficult for speakers to perform common quantitative tasks. The study highlights the importance of language in acquiring knowledge, perception, and reasoning.
A new study by Indiana University researchers reveals large excellence gaps in the US, with minority students making up a small share of top scorers. Internationally, girls are catching up with boys in math and science, while differences remain small between native-born and immigrant students.