Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study finds that undergraduate women who join a sorority are more likely to experience self-objectification, higher levels of bulimic attitudes, and increased body shame. Sorority membership may exacerbate pre-existing problematic attitudes and behaviors.
A study led by Markus H. Schafer found that people's subjective age has a stronger influence on cognitive abilities during older adulthood than their chronological age. Those who felt young for their age were more likely to have greater confidence about their cognitive abilities a decade later.
A pilot study found that a college course focused on social issues related to food resulted in healthier diets than traditional health-focused courses. Students who took the 'Food and Society' course reported an improvement in their healthful eating diet score, increased vegetable consumption, and decreased high-fat dairy consumption.
A new study reveals antifreeze proteins can suppress ice melting and stabilize superheated ice crystals for extended periods. The discovery has implications for understanding this process in nature and technology applications.
A national survey of over 2,000 college alumni found that while smaller schools have an affinity advantage, larger institutions can also create strong brand connections. The study highlights the importance of building a sense of community among alumni, which can drive engagement and giving.
A report from Germany's Expert Commission on Research and Innovation recommends boosting the country's innovation engine by focusing on electric cars and the smart grid. The commission advises prioritizing government spending and increasing private investment in research and development.
A study at Rush University Medical Center found that belief in a concerned God improves response to medical treatment for clinical depression. Participants who scored high on the Religious Well-Being Scale were 75% more likely to experience an improvement with medication.
A new strain of mosquitoes, where females cannot fly, may help curb the spread of dengue fever. The genetic approach is expected to reduce or eliminate disease transmission in six to nine months.
A team-based approach to intensive care units (ICUs) can improve patient outcomes even when specially trained intensivist physicians are not available. Studies have shown that multidisciplinary care teams, with or without an intensivist, result in a 16% reduction in the odds of death compared to single-specialist teams.
Research from Michigan State University suggests that parental encouragement and education level significantly impact a child's decision to pursue a science, technology, engineering, mathematics or medicine career. The study found that students with high school-educated parents were more likely to major in a STEMM field than those with...
A national study spanning 120 years found that vigorous two-party competition provides the best guarantee for meaningful governance, while modest salaries for lawmakers add a second protection against narrow-interest legislation. The research examined 13 states and found that larger party control leads to more parochial legislation.
Luis Colón, a University at Buffalo chemistry professor, received the 2009 AAAS Mentor Award for his efforts to recruit and mentor Hispanic-American students in chemistry. His initiatives led to an increase in Ph.D. degrees awarded to Hispanic-Americans in chemistry.
Diola Bagayoko, a Southern University professor, received the 2009 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award for increasing African-American Ph.D. degrees in physics and chemistry. He has mentored 21 undergraduate students to receive Ph.D.s in these fields through his Timbuktu Academy.
Research suggests that adult learners can easily recognize and identify words in a second language when spoken in the accent of their native speaker, not the 'original' accent. This challenges traditional teaching methods used in many adult schools.
IEEE-USA presents $8,000 in scholarship awards and honoraria to recognize outstanding engineering video entries and public awareness contributions. Five undergraduate students from UNLV and LeTourneau University receive scholarships, while two journalists from Fox 5 Morning News and National Academy of Engineering are honored for their...
A complex dietary supplement has been developed to offset ageing processes in mice by increasing energy supply and reducing free radicals. The formula maintains youthful levels of locomotor activity into old age, preventing key symptoms of ageing.
A recent study by an international working group of economists, marine scientists, and seafood experts emphasizes the need for sustainable fisheries to ensure global food security. The researchers highlight the complex environmental, political, and economic factors threatening global seafood supplies and livelihoods.
Researchers have developed a new material that can capture heat-trapping carbon dioxide emissions using a synthetic DNA-like crystal. The discovery could lead to cleaner energy and potentially create materials that convert carbon dioxide into fuel.
Scientists have discovered a new gene, TSPAN12, that is faulty in patients with Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), a type of inherited blindness. The research found that mutations in this gene can cause FEVR by disrupting blood vessel development in the retina.
A large multiple sclerosis study found that 62.5% of participants exhibited venous insufficiency, a condition linked to blood flow restrictions in the brain. The study suggests a potential association between CCSVI and MS disease progression.
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of blood clots, even when not hospitalized. A new study found that IBD sufferers who manage their flare-ups outside the hospital environment are 16 times more likely to develop a blood clot than non-sufferers.
A study at the University of Granada found that role-playing games significantly improved secondary students' knowledge and healthy practice habits, while increasing their satisfaction with physical education. The game, 'The Guardian of Health,' used new information and communication technologies to engage students in learning.
Babies as young as six months old can comprehend adults' intentions, according to a York University study. Infants detected and accepted when an experimenter was unable to share for reasons beyond her control, but became agitated when it was clear she simply wouldn't share.
Researchers analyzed images of ground motion before and after the January 12 earthquake, confirming that only the western half of a fault segment ruptured. The data suggests a significant risk of another major quake striking Port au Prince within the next 20-30 years.
Researchers have identified a genetic variant associated with biological aging in humans, which can affect telomere length and increase the risk of age-related diseases. The study found that individuals carrying this variant showed shorter telomeres, indicating faster biological aging.
A new longitudinal study suggests that highly reactive children are more likely to do well when raised in supportive, nurturing, and encouraging environments. The researchers found that such children were more affected by family adversity but also more likely to thrive in low-stress families due to their sensitivity.
A new study by neurology researchers at the University at Buffalo found that blacks with multiple sclerosis (MS) have more damage to brain tissue and accumulate lesions faster than whites. This aggressive disease process in blacks is associated with reduced remyelination, a brain's ability to repair the protective myelin sheath.
A recent study by Professor James Campbell of the University at Buffalo found that Democratic and Republican presidents have had comparable economic records, contradicting a previous finding by Princeton professor Larry Bartels. Campbell argues that the key difference lies in how the economic data is analyzed, taking into account the s...
Researchers used radar equipment to observe migrating butterflies and moths flying several hundreds of metres above the ground, highlighting their remarkable abilities. The study found that these insect migrants can travel nearly twice as far and closer to their preferred direction as an insect just randomly drifting downwind.
A large-scale UK study found that people who spend too much time online are more likely to show depressive symptoms. Internet addiction was linked to higher incidence of moderate to severe depression in young people and adults.
Case Western Reserve University has received a $250,000 challenge grant from Johnson & Johnson Services Inc. to support science and medicine projects aimed at improving human health. The university will match or exceed the commitment, with grants ranging from $50,000 to $100,000.
Researchers found a maternal East Asian ancestry in ancient mitochondrial DNA from 2,000-year-old bones in Italy. The findings indicate that at least one individual was of non-Italian descent, possibly a slave or worker from the Roman Empire.
Researchers from the University of Leicester used a new method to extract information from 500 million-year-old fossils, revealing that some early vertebrates may have been more complex than thought. The study found that decomposition altered characteristic anatomical features, providing clues for interpreting ancient fossils.
A GW research team has discovered a new species of dinosaur, Haplocheirus sollers, that links to bird evolution. The Late Jurassic fossil, found in China, shows early evolutionary stages in bird-like dinosaurs.
Researchers propose national health trust to promote optimal mix of personal medical care and population health measures, reducing inefficiencies and administrative waste. The proposed system would target spending to investments with the greatest long-run returns, improving US healthcare outcomes.
A University of Colorado at Boulder undergraduate-designed communications satellite, Hermes, has been chosen to launch into orbit in November as part of NASA's Educational Launch of Nanosatellite initiative. The satellite will test a high data-rate communication system, improving capabilities for tiny satellites.
Researchers at UC's College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning have developed an online toolkit to help educators assist children with dyslexia. The 'Reading by Design' project uses a multisensory approach to increase reading and retention abilities for children aged 9-11 with dyslexia.
A team funded by the National Science Foundation is returning to Haiti to investigate the cause of a January magnitude 7 earthquake. The geologists will collect crucial data to assess whether the quake could trigger another major event, and provide important insights into the cause of the disaster.
Researchers at the University of Leeds discovered that the Antarctic ozone hole's repair may actually accelerate climate warming in the region. The formation of brighter clouds reflecting sunlight has shielded the area from carbon-induced warming over the past two decades.
A Virginia Tech researcher is developing a new malicious software detection system that uses unique properties of human computer usage to differentiate between legitimate and malicious activities. The system will be able to identify characteristic human-user behaviors and prevent forgeries and attacks by malware.
Gardeners in the UK are encouraged to work together to protect vulnerable wildlife by creating a network of interlinking habitats. Collective action can make a real difference at the city scale, with top-down financial incentives and bottom-up community-driven initiatives supporting co-operation.
Researchers at University at Buffalo show that a controlled individualized exercise training program can relieve nearly all post-concussion syndrome (PCS) symptoms. The study found that participants who exercised regularly at levels below symptom onset experienced significant improvement, with athletes recovering faster than non-athletes.
Researchers at University of Leicester are developing innovative method to map and target abnormal electrical signals in the heart, benefiting millions with atrial fibrillation. This approach enables cardiologists to treat AF more accurately, potentially reducing need for second procedures.
A new study by University of Illinois psychologists suggests that individuals with low achievement motivation actually perform better on tasks when they are framed as enjoyable. This finding challenges the common assumption that motivation is essential for success and highlights the importance of considering individual goals and prefer...
A study led by the University of Leicester found that most men in Europe have Y chromosomes tracing back to ancient Near Eastern farmers. This suggests a significant reproductive advantage for farming males over indigenous hunter-gatherer males during this period.
A study published in Pediatrics found that children diagnosed with concussions spent fewer days in hospital and returned to school sooner than those with head injuries not labeled as concussions. Children with concussion diagnoses were also more likely to return to school sooner after discharge.
The American Mathematical Society has awarded several major prizes, including the AMS Steele Prize for Lifetime Achievement and the AMS Conant Prize, to recognize outstanding contributions to mathematics. The recipients include William Fulton, Robert Griess Jr., David Eisenbud, Bryna Kra, and Ileana Streinu, among others.
LeanGreenFood, an EU-funded network, educates 17 scientists from six countries on sustainable food production. The focus is on improving yields, reducing water and energy consumption, and lowering chemical use through the development of enzyme-based technology.
A recent survey of over 800 new nursing students in Italy found that more than half were current or former smokers, with 44% still smoking and 12% being former smokers. The study also highlighted the significant influence of family members on smoking habits, with three-quarters of smoking students having at least one parent who smoked.
Researchers found that educated individuals and professionals report more work interference with personal life, highlighting the 'stress of higher status'. Long hours also contribute to work-life imbalance, but only among those with control over their schedules.
A study published in the Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology found that people experience better moods, greater vitality, and fewer aches and pains on Fridays to Sundays. The 'weekend effect' is largely associated with freedom to choose activities and time spent with loved ones.
A study by Prof. Talma Kushnir found that physicians' moods significantly affect their professional behavior, including communication with patients, medication prescriptions, and referral to specialists. On good mood days, doctors tend to talk more and prescribe fewer medications, while on bad mood days they do the opposite.
A new study suggests that friendships can act as substitutes for food, particularly among adolescents. By pairing friends with peers, the study found that participants were less likely to engage in sedentary behaviors and more likely to choose active leisure activities.
A new analysis led by UC Davis expert Arthur Shapiro reveals that climate change and habitat loss are devastating butterfly populations, with lowland species being hit hard. The study's findings also show that 'ruderal' butterfly species, often considered insignificant, are declining faster than other species.
The NIH is awarding grants to strengthen S.T.E.M. education nationwide, targeting young people in biomedical careers and improving science literacy in adults and children. The $18.3 million funding supports research to develop practical interventions for tomorrow's classrooms and addresses issues of equity in S.T.E.M. competencies.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham have discovered that genetic rogue elements in 'junk DNA' are more common in breast cancer cells. The elements, produced by DNA sequences called LINE-1, can sabotage normal cell function and may play a role in cancer progression.
A meta-analysis of 134 studies involving over 3,400 participants found that men's brain and body responses were more aligned during sexual arousal. In contrast, women's mind-body responses were less consistent. The study suggests significant gender differences in how people experience and respond to sexual stimuli.
A recent study by UB neurobiologist Jennifer L. Temple found that boys and girls have different levels of caffeine's appealing value, with males working harder to obtain caffeinated drinks. The research also explored the effects of acute and chronic caffeine consumption on blood pressure, heart rate, and hand tremor in teenagers.
A new study at Ben-Gurion University reveals that taking coxib medications like Celebrex with aspirin increases the risk of cardiovascular events. Researchers found that coxibs interfere with aspirin's effectiveness in preventing blood clots, potentially offsetting its protective benefits.
The project aims to manufacture a transformer boosting power grid reliability, reducing energy losses by one-third and eliminating CO2 emissions. The superconducting wire will have a unique property allowing electricity to flow without resistance while limiting current flow in sudden spikes.