Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study by Dr. Basil Petrof reveals that the CFTR gene is involved in calcium regulation in skeletal muscles, contributing to muscle atrophy and weakness in cystic fibrosis patients. The research also suggests that controlling inflammation and infection may be key to treating CF-related muscle atrophy.
A study by Ben-Gurion University researchers found a higher incidence of insufficient amniotic fluid levels in the summer months. Pregnant women are advised to drink 10 glasses of water per day and avoid direct sun exposure to prevent fetal dehydration.
A study of nearly 160,000 students found that overconfident teens are often below-average readers globally, while under-confident students tend to perform better. Parents and teachers can help by promoting self-assessment, setting achievable goals, and encouraging peer evaluation.
A new study by psychologists at the University at Buffalo finds that individuals' stories about national trauma are linked to their emotional distress. The researchers found that those who described traumatic events with a sense of closure and redemption had lower levels of distress and higher well-being.
A study by Ben-Gurion U. researchers found that approximately 16% of public health care workers will not report for work in a pandemic flu emergency, regardless of severity. Belief in the importance of one's work is strongly associated with willingness to report.
A team of Queen's scientists will train thousands of people in Eastern India on a novel chemical-free arsenic removal method over the next three years. The program aims to empower local communities to manage natural resources and address deeply entrenched arsenic contamination of groundwater.
Research predicts a 78% increase in forest destruction in Pacific Northwest and 175% in Rocky Mountains due to rising temperatures. The study also forecasts a 40% rise in tiny soot particles in western US air, posing serious health concerns.
A new study by UCLA scientists reveals that mammals and many bird species have exceptional rates of success, while crocodiles and the tuatara have much lower species richness. The research analyzed DNA sequences and fossils from 47 major vertebrate groups to calculate which animal lineages have exceptional rates of success.
A three-year study is underway to explore the link between knee inflammation and osteoarthritis. Researchers use ultrasound to identify inflammation in people over 55 with knee pain or osteoarthritis.
Researchers found that loyalists who were most devoted to their school were also the most cooperative and helpful when confronted with injustice. However, this loyalty was short-term and may fade if the group continues to exhibit unfairness.
Scientists at the University of Leeds are developing safer hair dyes and cosmetics using compounds extracted from Shetland seaweed, which can replace synthetic ingredients found in current products. The project aims to create a new range of colours including blonde, brown, red, and black.
Researchers will investigate molecular genetic and biochemical pathways in the common ice plant to improve water use efficiency. The goal is to understand how plants adapt to harsh environments through complex metabolic processes.
Researchers found that acute stress enhances learning and memory by increasing glutamate transmission in the prefrontal cortex. The study suggests that moderate stress may be beneficial for cognitive function, contradicting the common perception of chronic stress as detrimental.
A study by UCLA and Rutgers neuroscientists found that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can accurately predict a person's mental task, such as reading words aloud or counting tones. The research suggests that brain patterns are similar across healthy individuals, allowing for predictions on new people.
Scientists are exploring the potential benefits of hydrogen sulphide in pregnancy, particularly its role in relaxing the uterus and initiating term labour. Research has shown that the gas may have anti-inflammatory properties, which could provide insight into conditions like pre-eclampsia.
The University of Miami will create a high-tech seawater laboratory with $15 million in stimulus funds to study hurricane impacts on structures and ecosystems. The facility, set to be completed by summer 2012, will enable scientists to develop advanced sensor technology and models to improve construction standards and practices.
Wei Biao Wu and Xiaofeng Shao's article, 'A limit theorem for quadratic forms and its applications,' presents a new statistical method for analyzing time series data. The researchers used a physical dependence measure to characterize time-series dependence, deviating from traditional approaches.
Researchers have discovered the strongest protein bond yet found in nature, which anchors muscular strength. This discovery has significant implications for fields like medical research and nanotechnology.
GIFTED HANDS: AMERICA'S MOST SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO SURGERY explores the history of American surgical practice, from pre-Columbian and colonial eras to modern-day scientific surgery. The book highlights key medical breakthroughs, innovative surgeons like Alexis Carrel and Joseph Murray, and their impact on the field.
A long-term study found that repealing the National Maximum Speed Law in 1995 resulted in approximately 12,500 deaths due to increased speed limits across the US. The study suggests that reduced speed limits and improved enforcement with speed camera networks could save lives.
Depressed children with asthma exhibit dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system and increased airway compromise. The study found a link between emotional stress, depressive symptoms, and airway function in childhood asthma.
The UM Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science has received a $82,128 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act stimulus grant to enhance its Aplysia summer research program. The program will provide hands-on training to undergraduate students and middle/high school science teachers in sea hare research, improving egg ...
A new UBC study found that 17% of men and 16% of women reported emotional or physical violence in the past six months. Violence is often linked to drinking, with nearly half of emotional violence coming from intimate partners.
The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC) has received a $14 million grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) to support student recruitment and training in biomedical science. The grants will be distributed over six years, attracting and training over 200 high-level students in various dis...
Scientists at the University of Nottingham discovered that an archaeon can resist DNA damage even with mutated enzymes. This finding may hold key to understanding how cancer cells behave and why they are more prone to mutations.
A longitudinal study found that American teens are more academically disengaged than Chinese peers, with decreased motivation and mastery value over time. The study suggests a cultural difference in prioritizing learning for future success.
Researchers have created a game called Magic Bullet to make labelling CAPTCHA images more efficient. Players can label images at a rate of up to 1,500 per hour, significantly improving the accuracy of human labels and helping to stay ahead of spammers.
A study by University of Illinois expert Christopher Lubienski found that market-based approaches to school choice lead to exclusionary strategies, favoring affluent students. Schools compete to attract high-need students, but often leave them marginalized, and instead target 'active families' with resources.
Researchers at the University of Miami found that internal reinforcement with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars improves concrete column performance, allowing for limited use in harsh environments. The study's results provide a compelling case to modify existing design guidelines and allow for GFRP bar usage.
A study by Indiana University found that geography knowledge among college freshmen has not improved despite increased K-12 support. The test scores were two percent lower in 2002 than in 1987, reflecting a national trend.
A team of experts, including Dr Chris Wade from the University of Nottingham, have presented evidence that planktonic foraminifera may have survived mass extinction by taking refuge on the sea floor. Genetic and geochemical data show that these species can thrive in both surface waters and sediment habitats.
A study found that a drug similar to one used for rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis can rescue memory in mice with Alzheimer's symptoms. The drug, PMX205, prevented inflammation in brain regions with amyloid plaques, which accelerates neuron damage.
Frank Bayliss, a SF State professor, has been awarded a Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring for his work opening doors for minority students in the sciences. His Student Enrichment Opportunities office helps send underrepresented minority students to doctoral programs annually.
A study found that maximal voluntary force produced by a finger is independent of movement speed, contradicting long-held theories. This paradoxical result has implications for human rehabilitation and robot hand design, suggesting that neuromuscular systems can be pushed to their limits even in seemingly simple tasks.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have identified gibberellin as a hormone controlling plant root growth by regulating cell proliferation and expansion rates. The study highlights the importance of understanding hormone regulation in plant biology for improving crop yields.
A study published in Nature Genetics found that genetic patterns on chromosomes 9 and 22 are associated with an increased risk of melanoma. People carrying these genes are around eight times more likely to develop the disease than those with no variants.
The UT HEADS UP program significantly increases middle school students' interest in science, leading to improved achievement scores and increased confidence. The program, which uses multimedia modules and video interviews with science experts, has shown a 7.2% increase in Stanford Achievement Test scores among participants.
The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine is launching a £30 million initiative to strengthen health research in Africa. The program will support over 50 institutions across 18 African countries and create postgraduate scholarships for students to research health-related issues.
Three graduate students, Awad Al-Mohy, Jie Chen, and Shun Zhang, receive the award for their outstanding research papers on matrix exponentials, tensor SVD, and interface problems. The prizes include a monetary award, framed certificate, and publication in SIAM journals.
A recent study from the University of Granada found that sexist jokes can favor mental mechanisms that justify violence against women. The research involved a group of male university students who were shown two series of jokes, one with sexist content and another without. Those who watched the sexist jokes showed increased tolerance f...
A team of international students and scientists will spend a month in the Siberian Arctic studying the transport and transformations of carbon and nutrients. The focus is on understanding linkages among ecosystems and how processes in one component influence others.
A new class of black hole has been discovered, with masses between 100 and several hundred thousand times that of the Sun. The discovery, made by an international team of astronomers using XMM-Newton observations, confirms the existence of intermediate mass black holes.
The University of Illinois Chicago is leading a five-year study to increase demand for evidence-based, Internet-based smoking cessation treatment among young adults. The project aims to develop interactive, Internet-based ads and evaluate their effectiveness in motivating young smokers to use the stop smoking program www.BecomeAnEx.org.
Astronomers at the University of Hawaii have discovered a binary star-disk system with two stars surrounded by dust disks capable of forming planetary systems. The system, 253-1536, is the first known example of two optically visible stars with enough mass to form an Earth-like planet.
A study found that individuals sensitive to rejection based on their physical appearance are more likely to be interested in cosmetic surgery. The study, conducted by researchers at the University at Buffalo, examined the role of appearance-based rejection sensitivity among men and women's interest in cosmetic surgery. Participants who...
Researchers at University of Nottingham found that quinine blocks cell's ability to take up tryptophan, a key amino acid. Dietary tryptophan supplements may improve quinine performance and combat side effects.
The NSF-funded project will create a long-term index of Agulhas Current transport using in situ measurements and satellite data. This will provide valuable insights into seasonal to decadal variability and its impact on global climate patterns.
The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research have won the CleanTech 2009 Excellence Award in Environmental Studies. The institute is recognized for its research on desert environments and sustainable uses, contributing to a better understanding of global warming's impact on drylands.
A new study by George Mason University researchers challenges the long-held notion that dinosaurs were massive creatures. They found that using a flawed statistical model led to overestimations of dinosaur weight, revealing some species may have been smaller than initially thought.
The University of Leeds has been awarded $18 million in funding to improve the quality of life for older adults. The new Centre of Excellence in Medical Engineering will focus on developing innovative therapies to address age-related degeneration, with the goal of creating '50 more years after 50'.
Year 10 students from Hadden Park High School in Nottingham are using advanced GPS technology to map fragments of heathland at Sherwood Pines Forest Park. The project aims to raise awareness of heathland and develop habitat corridors to protect species affected by climate change.
The AcademyHealth and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation have awarded ten scholarships to graduate students with outstanding potential in public health systems research. The recipients will present their research at the PHSR Interest Group meeting in Chicago.
A team of experts, led by The University of Nottingham, has unveiled a new set of high-resolution images revealing the plan of the Roman town of Venta Icenorum at Caistor St Edmund in Norfolk. The survey confirms street plan, water supply system, and public buildings like baths and temples.
Physicists at the University of Chicago have measured nanoscale forces causing droplet formation in a falling stream of tiny glass beads. The resulting 'granular liquid' exhibits surface tension 100,000 times smaller than that found in ordinary liquids.
Medical students practice breast exams on a mixed reality human, improving their technical abilities and empathy towards patients. The system allows for unscripted interactions, teaching students to build their database of experience and respond to patient concerns.
A study of a prehistoric Canadian Arctic glacier found it rapidly retreated in just a few hundred years, demonstrating the phenomenon's occurrence. This rapid retreat could lead to sharply rising global sea levels and threaten coastal populations if similar conditions recur today.
Pavel Solin will use advanced computational methods to improve reactor simulations and support the design of next-generation reactors. The project aims to prolong the useful life of old reactors and make nuclear energy more efficient.
The MMS mission will investigate magnetic reconnection, a fundamental process that impacts technologies like communications and power grids. The four observatories will be deployed in a pyramid configuration to study the phenomenon near the boundary between Earth's magnetosphere and solar wind.
Four University of Miami Marine Biology and Fisheries students have received recognition from the National Science Foundation for their research on coral reefs. Ross Cunning and John Parkinson were awarded fellowships, while Sean Bignami and Kevin V. Brix received Honorable Mentions.
Researchers are redefining what constitutes literature with the rise of Japanese cell-phone novels, which demonstrate similar linguistic sophistication to traditional print novels. A study found that cell-phone novels are written at a lower reading level, sparking debate about their literary merit.