Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that individuals with higher education levels consumed diets with lower energy density and higher nutrient content. These diets were also associated with lower costs per kilocalorie, but only among women with higher socioeconomic status.
Researchers discovered that Mexicans are more outgoing and talkative in daily life, spending more time in groups and outdoors, while Americans prefer solo interactions. This difference can be attributed to interdependent vs independent cultural selves.
Washington University and the Danforth Plant Science Center will be home to two new multimillion-dollar Energy Frontier Research Centers, pursuing advanced scientific research on energy. The centers aim to study forms of energy based on light harvesting and energy funneling.
The researcher will explore bystander passivity in school bullying, investigating how children misjudge their peers' failure to help as evidence of tolerance for bullying. The study's findings could inform the content of classroom-based intervention programs.
The Malaria Elimination Group provides a roadmap for countries pursuing malaria elimination, reviewing operational, technical and financial decisions. The guidance aims to support countries in achieving universal coverage of preventive and treatment measures by 2010.
A $10 million Simons Foundation gift supports a joint initiative between Rockefeller University and the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, NJ. The initiative brings together biologists, mathematicians, physicists, and computer scientists to explore quantitative approaches to biological problems.
Studies found that illusionary relationships with TV characters can give people real pleasure, reducing feelings of loneliness and rejection. The research suggests that technologies like TV shows and video games can fulfill human needs for belongingness.
The EPA P3 award winners are recognized for their sustainable designs, including integrated aquaculture systems and solar thermal combined cycles. These projects demonstrate the potential for economic growth and environmental sustainability to coexist.
A team of MSU researchers will support the creation of a standard curriculum for four-year baccalaureate education degrees at Pakistani universities. The goal is to improve teacher training and skills, addressing low literacy rates and negative perceptions of teaching as a career.
A new study finds a significant decline in the number of entering college freshmen needing remedial English and math classes since 2004, with a 6-percentage point drop in Sacramento State's population. This reduction equals about 2,000 fewer students in remedial math and 3,000 in remedial English courses across the CSU system.
The Office of Naval Research has awarded 15 young researchers with three-year research grants worth up to $510,000. The winners were selected from 193 proposals and include faculty members at top universities, such as Harvard College and Cornell University.
A University of Colorado at Boulder study found that an in-class writing assignment increased the grade-point averages of African-American middle school students over a two-year period. The intervention reduced the rate at which these students were held back or placed in remediation, suggesting targeted psychological interventions coul...
The discovery of a well-preserved temple in Turkey's Tayinat site has revealed that ruling dynasties survived the Bronze Age collapse, contradicting traditional views. The temple's Luwian hieroglyphics and extensive remains suggest strong cultural connections with the Aegean world during the early Iron Age.
The University of Miami's 5th annual Underwater Photography Contest attracted over 918 images from 23 countries, with winning entries chosen by a panel of experts. The Best Overall winner was Marchione Giacomo for his image of Boxer crabs, while student winners included Neil Hammerschlag and Evan D'Alessandro.
Researchers found that imagining a posture can affect behavior, suggesting that our 'peripersonal space' can be extended to influence actions. This ability may have advantages in determining realism and avoiding collisions.
Researchers at UCL have identified a protein, SAP, as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. CPHPC, a new small molecule drug, removes SAP from the blood and brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, showing promising results.
The Miller Cyberinfrastructure Laboratory has rolled out 'Magic,' a state-of-the-art computer system that aggregates costly computational resources, enabling researchers to solve previously unsolvable problems. The machine is cost-effective and thousands of times faster than traditional systems.
Researchers from University College London have developed a new device to enable people living with HIV to monitor their own health and treatment effectiveness. The device uses nano-cantilever arrays to measure HIV markers, providing patients with clear, immediate advice on their condition.
The Verification of Rotation in Tornadoes EXperiment 2 (VORTEX2 or V2) will study the origins, structure, and evolution of tornadoes from May 10 to June 13. Data collected will help researchers understand how tornadoes form and improve forecasts.
Researchers found that genetic variants impact stress response differently in men and women. Women carrying the BDNF Val/Met genotype were shown to have a lower cortisol response than men with the same genotype, while men with the Val/Val variant exhibited higher cortisol levels.
Physicists at the University of Leeds and IBM Research have made advances in racetrack memory, a new kind of computer memory that could replace hard disks. The technology is estimated to be 100 times cheaper per bit than flash memory and promises faster speeds.
The project aims to create a Medicago HapMap, mapping the genetic variations in the legume to reveal which genome regions control symbiosis and other legume-specific traits. Legumes are a crucial source of dietary protein and environmentally-friendly fertilizer, providing millions of tons of nitrogen to plants.
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has awarded several undergraduate students with grants to support their research in biochemistry and molecular biology. The recipients of the awards will present their findings at upcoming meetings and use the funds to purchase research supplies and reagents.
A novel injectable, OCR-002, directly reduces blood levels of ammonia, a toxic chemical building up during acute hepatic encephalopathy attacks. Clinical trials will begin in 2009 to develop the treatment for patients with advanced liver cirrhosis and acute liver failure.
From 2001-2008, the annual number of Ph.D.s awarded to underrepresented minorities increased by 50% in natural sciences and engineering fields. The Alliances for Graduate Education and the Professoriate program has seen significant success in boosting minority participation in science-related studies.
Computer simulations and ancient magnetism reveal that mantle plumes can move beneath the Earth's crust, contradicting the long-held theory of fixed hotspots. The research suggests that a plume may have bent nearly 1,000 miles across the Pacific Ocean, with its top moving over 19 degrees north latitude.
A study found that TV networks spend little time discussing organ donation needs and registration processes, resulting in inadequate coverage of the topic. The researchers analyzed over 1,500 stories and found that only 94% of positive health outcomes for living donors were mentioned.
Researchers from Case Western Reserve University, Duke and University of Massachusetts created magnetic particles that nudge free-floating human cells to form chains in response to external magnetic fields. These chains may accelerate the creation and growth of tiny blood vessels.
Researchers examine the effectiveness of individualized instruction and observational tools to improve reading skills in fourth- and fifth-grade classrooms. Classroom observations and teacher logs are found to be reliable and valid methods for measuring instruction, with potential benefits for future research studies.
A recent study published in Journal of Insurance Medicine found that the economic impact of undiagnosed celiac disease is significant, resulting in cost savings for the healthcare system after diagnosis. The study suggests that increased awareness and diagnosis of celiac disease can lead to health care costs savings.
The University of Miami's Rosenstiel School has awarded funding to Drs. Paquita Zuidema and Lisa Beal, who will use their grants to improve communication skills among scientists from underrepresented groups. Dr. Beal's workshop aims to foster international collaboration in the Southwest Indian Ocean community.
Women who undergo bariatric surgery experience reduced risk of medical and obstetric complications during pregnancy. The study showed a significant decrease in gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and severe pre-eclampsia. However, there was a higher rate of cesarean births among women who had undergone bariatric surgery.
A study found that quality of life determines the use of coping strategies among younger women with breast cancer. Positive cognitive restructuring and seeking social support were common coping strategies.
Two graduate students, Adam Roddy and Anna Maria Stewart, receive AIBS Emerging Public Policy Leadership Award for their contributions to science and public policy. The award includes a certificate, membership, publications, and opportunities to meet with policymakers.
Research by Oregon State University shows that older adults who engage in less physical activity are more likely to report having difficulty walking due to increased health worry. Resolving health concern issues earlier in life may be key to avoiding walking difficulties, according to lead author Bradley Cardinal.
A new anti-microbial catheter has been developed to improve treatment and quality of life for community-based dialysis patients. The catheter has shown the potential to ward off a wider variety of pathogens, protecting CAPD patients from infections for up to 100 days.
The International Association for Dental Research presented several awards, including the IADR Honorary Membership to Anthony Fauci, the IADR Distinguished Service Award to Fujio Miura, and the IADR/AADR William J. Gies Awards in various categories. The organization also recognized outstanding research achievements through the IADR E.W...
A research and outreach system developed over 50 years has shown significant economic benefits in managing the soybean aphid, a destructive pest that stunts plant growth and transmits viruses. The integrated pest management approach is expected to generate an annual rate of return of 180 percent.
Raphael Haftka and C.T. Sun will receive the AIAA-ASC James H. Starnes, Jr. Award for their pioneering work on optimization techniques for composite structures and mentoring of students. The award acknowledges their significant contributions to structural mechanics over an extended period.
A leading cause of plagiarism at the graduate school level is confusion about what constitutes plagiarism, according to an expert. Confusion can be rooted in undergraduate education and may lead to traps. Educators stress the importance of proper citation and context to avoid plagiarism.
Researchers at University at Buffalo found that single-walled carbon nanotubes do not experience electromigration and thermomigration like metals, producing significantly less heat. This property makes carbon nanotubes ideal for future electronic devices, including electric cars and sophisticated naval systems.
The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania reduced CLABSI rates from over 30 cases per month to less than five using a combination of leadership initiatives, electronic surveillance, checklists, and process improvements. The hospital's Toyota Production System also helped streamline care and reduce variation.
A new study by the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that exclusive marketing contracts are more lucrative when firms and products have low market differentiation. By analyzing a real-world example, researchers discovered that non-exclusive contracts can be beneficial in highly competitive markets.
Dr. Philippe Hujoel, a professor at the University of Washington School of Dentistry, is recognized for his outstanding achievements in behavioral science and health services research. He has published over 70 peer-reviewed papers on periodontal disease processes and oral-healthrelated quality of life.
Dr. Jane Weintraub, a renowned oral epidemiologist, has been selected as the recipient of the International Association for Dental Research's H. Trendley Dean Memorial Award. She is being recognized for her groundbreaking research on children's oral health disparities and its impact on public health.
Gratitude is linked to achieving well-being, but men are less likely to express it than women. Older men also report greater negative emotions when receiving gifts from other men.
Researchers believe Nyiragongo's unique lava is coming from a pristine deep-mantle source, identical to ancient asteroids. The discovery may indicate the beginning of a new mantle plume, contributing to volcanism and earthquakes in the region.
Researchers at UCI have found that circadian rhythms regulate energy levels in cells, with implications for treating diseases like cancer, diabetes, and obesity. The discovery opens a new window into understanding how the body's day-night patterns and metabolism work together to maintain cellular function.
The article discusses a new book by Joseph Murphy that weaves together Gaelic history, culture, and language with sustainable development and walking. The book tells the story of a 1500 km walk along the Atlantic coast from Ireland to Scotland, combining local experiences with broader themes.
Scientists have found that memories are recorded in the hippocampus with a specific structure, allowing for the prediction of spatial memories. This breakthrough challenges current scientific thinking and opens up possibilities for understanding how information is processed in the brain.
Researchers at Brown University have created a novel system where robots can follow humans at a precise distance without special clothing or environments. The team used computer programs and depth-imaging cameras to recognize human gestures and respond accordingly.
A new synthetic gene circuit allows for precise dosing of gene expression in yeast cells, enabling accurate analysis of a gene's role in normal and abnormal cellular function. The circuit utilizes negative feedback loops to achieve a linear dose-response relationship.
A study of 3,616 college students found that women overestimated the amount of alcohol a typical guy would like his female friends to drink. Women who thought men preferred excessive drinking were more likely to engage in excessive drinking themselves.
Lobster traps equipped with temperature sensors provide valuable data on ocean circulation and processes in the Gulf of Maine. The eMOLT program, a collaboration between NOAA, lobstermen, and marine science students, aims to improve our understanding of ocean currents, pollution dispersal, and marine life distribution.
The LIFE research project is the world's largest study on children's health and well-being, focusing on a new Nordic diet to address obesity-related issues. The five-year project aims to strengthen public health by introducing a regional food concept in schools and families.
A recent study by Robert Tai at the University of Virginia found that students who focus on mastering a single topic in-depth tend to outperform those who cover more topics superficially. The research suggests that teaching fewer topics with greater depth is a more effective way to prepare students for success in college science classes.
A new study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that African-American patients wait about an hour longer for hospital beds than patients of other races. The findings suggest that disparities in emergency department length of stay may explain some of the poorer health outcomes seen in black populations.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center identified a key immunological defense reaction to metal debris in joint replacement devices, causing loosening of components and early failure. This study found that inflammation is triggered by localized immune reactions to tiny particles of debris released from worn-out implants.
A new study published in PLoS ONE found that children who carry the 'obesity gene' can offset its effects by eating a low energy density diet. The research, based on data from over 2,000 children, suggests that adopting a healthier diet with fewer calories per bite may help prevent weight gain and obesity.
The SAMMPRIS trial will determine if stenting or intensive medical therapy alone can reduce the risk of recurrent stroke in patients with narrowed brain arteries. The study aims to improve the management of patients at risk for stroke and provide definitive answers on the long-term benefits of stenting.