Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A three-year study funded by the MS Society is investigating whether infection with hookworms can lead to an improvement in the severity of multiple sclerosis. The trial, which involves 72 patients, aims to determine if the worms can provide a simple, cheap, natural treatment for the condition.
Researchers at University at Buffalo and Italy's University of Trieste found a potential link between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and the severity of multiple sclerosis (MS). Higher levels of anti-EBV antibodies were associated with increased loss of gray matter and total brain volume over time.
McGill University is proud to announce that Andrew Hendry and Karim Nader have received the E.W.R. Steacie Memorial Fellowship for their innovative research in eco-evolutionary dynamics and post-traumatic stress disorder, respectively.
A model internship program at Texas A&M University–Kingsville Citrus Center attracted undergraduate students to science careers, with over 60 students provided with internships and 20 entering graduate schools. The program addressed access barriers for Hispanic Americans, who are an untapped resource of talent in the US scientific rese...
The state of Maryland is uniquely positioned to support the nation's foreign language needs by tapping into its abundant pool of well-educated, bilingual speakers. The task force recommends harnessing the skills of first, second, and third-generation Americans to recruit teachers and translators.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have identified a new biomaterial in crab claws that is extremely fracture-resistant and could be used to develop stronger tiny tools and machines. The material, which is rich in bromine, was found to be 1.5 times harder than acrylic glass.
Boston University School of Medicine has received a grant to develop a framework for medical education in Armenia, making it comparable to US and Western Europe standards. The project will support the development of a dynamic learning environment for Armenian medical students.
A team of researchers, led by Mark Kahn, has discovered that CCM is caused by leaky junctions between cells in the lining of blood vessels, linked to mutated or missing proteins in a novel biochemical process called Heart-of-glass (HEG)-CCM pathway.
A study published in Psychological Science reveals that hand movements can aid in creating new math concepts and aid learning. Fourth-grade students who repeated a specific gesture during a lesson solved more problems correctly than those who only spoke the words or partially correct gestures.
Researchers at University at Buffalo link capsaicin's analgesic effects to PIP2 lipid in cell membranes. The receptor's adaptation property allows it to continuously respond to varying stimuli, providing a novel strategy for developing safe pain-relieving medications.
A new study finds that MSU's mentoring program improved teacher effectiveness in the Lansing district, leading to a significant reduction in teacher turnover. The program involves freeing up veteran teachers to advise beginning peers throughout the school year, providing training and support to help them succeed.
Active learning is a teaching concept that prepares students for real-world interactions by encouraging participation, group work, and peer review. The approach has been successful in courses like software design, where lecturing plays a minimal role.
A new study found that mentioning time makes consumers more likely to purchase and enjoy products. Consumers are more likely to feel personal connections with products when they're primed to think about time. However, there were exceptions to this finding, particularly for status products like designer jeans.
A follow-up study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that none of the 132 women under 30 had scarring from female genital mutilation, indicating a significant decline in its practice among the Bedouin population. Improved healthcare and westernization are believed to be key factors contributing to this shift.
A study found that when individuals are presented with a challenging task, they are more likely to be drawn to it and perceive its importance in helping them achieve their goals. Conversely, simple tasks are often overlooked despite being equally valuable.
The Call to Action program aims to foster efficient and effective collaboration among local governments in Northeast Ohio. Kent State's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy will provide technical assistance to support the effort.
The University of Chicago's Biophysical Sciences program has received a $2 million training grant to provide intensive interdisciplinary training for graduate students. The program, led by Adam Hammond, aims to produce scientists conversant across disciplines and able to combine multiple methods in new ways.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to analyze grape shapes using digital technology, which enables faster and more accurate breeding of elongated grapes. The study, led by Dr. John R. Clark, uses a special application of the SigmaScan technology to measure the area of each grape and calculate its shape.
The UC Irvine Outreach Clinic offers free primary care, preventive medicine, laboratory testing, medication, and healthcare referral services to individuals with very low incomes. The clinic is the result of a decade-long effort by UCI students to address healthcare needs of underserved populations.
The accelerating urbanization presents a critical component in maintaining stable societies and ensuring quality of life. The integration of information technology into conventional infrastructure systems poses significant challenges due to the complexity of interactions between various systems.
A Michigan State University researcher argues that the US is well ahead of the world in scientific literacy due to its general education requirements. These requirements make Americans more open-minded about innovations and allow for a broader understanding of science in other disciplines such as law. Despite this, most adults lack suf...
Researchers develop a new general chemistry curriculum, CLUE, using the emergence and evolution of life as context for introducing chemistry concepts. The curriculum aims to improve students' problem-solving abilities and deepen their understanding of fundamental principles.
A new study by Rush University Medical Center researchers has discovered a behavioral link between insomnia and tension-type headaches. Eighty-one percent of women with tension-type headaches reported going to sleep as a way to manage their headaches, which was also the most effective self-management strategy for pain.
A study by Western Michigan University researchers suggests that neither teaching approach has a significant advantage over the other, with good teachers, positive attitudes towards science, and well-designed curricula being more important factors in learning outcomes. The findings challenge current debates surrounding instructional ap...
Scientists should think locally to better understand science and communicate with the public. A metropolitan science council model is needed to create dialogue within the scientific community about science policy.
AfricaArray trains masters and doctoral students in geophysics, supports research on the African superplume. The program combines student education with research and field schools, aiming to improve understanding of the continent's geological phenomena.
The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE) honors 2009 fellows with fellow status for their leadership in gerontological/geriatric education. Additionally, AGHE awards various recognitions to individuals who have made significant contributions to the field of gerontology.
Researchers at Diamond Light Source have developed a new technique using X-ray eyes to map metal distribution in brain tissue, which could lead to early diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease. By studying the distribution of metal ions in affected regions, scientists hope to improve MRI detection and diagnosis.
Researchers from the University of Leeds have identified a single defective gene that affects both eye function and normal tooth development in two Gaza strip families suffering from Jalili syndrome. The discovery may lead to better treatments for inherited blindness and bone diseases.
Research at the University of Chicago found that children who convey more meanings with gestures at 14 months have larger vocabularies at 54 months, indicating better school preparedness. The study also showed differences in parent gesture use between high- and low-income families.
Seven Canadians are inducted as AAAS Fellows for their meritorious contributions to science and engineering. The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada highlights the 'Canadian way' of pursuing scientific research through partnerships and networks.
Researchers tracked songbirds using tiny geolocator backpacks, revealing they can fly up to 500 km per day, exceeding previous estimates of 150 km. Songbirds' spring return times were also found to be two to six times more rapid than in fall migration.
Percy A. Pierre, a renowned engineer and educator, has been awarded the 2008 AAAS Mentor Award for Lifetime Achievement for his dedication to increasing the number of African-American and Hispanic-American Ph.D.s in engineering. He has mentored 27 doctoral graduates through the Sloan Engineering Program at Michigan State University.
A new study from University College London found that internal choices can be easily overridden by external stimuli, revealing a flexible brain. The researchers discovered that changing an internal choice is easier than making one based on external instructions, highlighting the importance of adaptability in decision-making.
A study published in the Journal of Natural Resources & Life Sciences Education found that workshops improved Iranian pastoralists' understanding of rangeland management techniques, leading to better land utilization. The results showed a significant impact on concepts like animal-rangeland equilibrium and grazing duration.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that students who feel connected to their peers and teachers are more likely to intervene if they hear a fellow student planning something dangerous. However, students who don't feel connected are less likely to act.
A study published in PLOS Genetics has found that the genetic adaptation rgy plays a crucial role in allowing the deep-sea bacterium Nautilia profundicola to survive rapid temperature fluctuations. The bacteria's genome also revealed genes necessary for growth and sensing environmental conditions.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that a nightly dose of vitamin B12 significantly reduces Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) symptoms, including pain, ulcers, and outbreaks. The treatment resulted in a 74% remission rate among patients taking vitamin B12 compared to 32% for those receiving a placebo.
Biologist Professor H. Allen Orr has been awarded the Darwin-Wallace Medal for his groundbreaking research on speciation and reproductive isolation between species. His work has significantly advanced our understanding of evolution, particularly in the context of gene function and dominance theory.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered a nanotechnology-based technique to block damaging gas transport through polymers, making them stronger and more efficient. This breakthrough has potential applications in food and medicine packaging, as well as electronic equipment protection.
A study published in Science shows that when the apple maggot shifted hosts from hawthorn to European apples, it triggered a cascade of evolutionary changes in a parasitic wasp. The research reveals the process of speciation in action and sheds light on biodiversity's role in creating new species.
The University of Oklahoma has received a $398,020 grant from the National Science Foundation to improve instruction in introductory biology courses. The AIBS will provide programmatic staffing and expertise in building an online communication network for the project.
A new software called PowerDown automatically shuts down computers after 30 minutes of inactivity, recovering up to £13,000 in electricity costs each month. This reduces power consumption by millions of hours and helps organizations save money on their energy bills.
Researchers at George Mason University have developed a DNA-based vaccine effective in protecting mice from adenovirus-3. The vaccine's affordability and stability make it a promising solution for preventing this devastating infection.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center found that a cementless metal cup design remained fixed in place in 95% of hip revision cases after 20 years. The device's bone-in-growth surface allows for long-term stability and durability, reducing the need for repeat surgeries.
A study of 18,000 students found notable gender bias in student ratings of high school science teachers, with female teachers receiving lower evaluations than their male counterparts. Despite being equally effective at preparing students for college, female teachers were undervalued by both male and female students.
A new study from the University of Minnesota suggests that smaller chimpanzees use political behavior, such as grooming, to secure top positions rather than relying on physical aggression. This finding is based on 10 years of observations of dominant male chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania.
A study by Rutgers University scientists found that both humans and mice are proficient in assessing risk, challenging traditional views of human decision-making. The research suggests that risk assessment is a programmed cognitive mechanism that is present in many animals.
A four-year prospective cohort study will examine the cognitive and affective consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Iraq and Afghanistan-era veterans. The study aims to provide evidence-based understanding of TBI's impact on veterans' quality of life, health care use, and community participation.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its international travel grants, chosen based on scientific merit and proposed presentation. The recipients include researchers from Argentina, Brazil, Croatia, India, Iran, Mexico, Portugal, Russia, Slovenia, South Africa, and United Kingdom.
A study of college freshmen in China and the US found that Chinese students knew more science facts than their American counterparts, but both groups struggled with scientific reasoning. The research suggests that educators must go beyond teaching science facts to boost students' reasoning ability.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University discovered that Stat3 plays a crucial role in regulating mitochondria, the energy-producing machines of cells. The team found that Stat3 is necessary for the function of the mitochondrial electron transport chain that generates ATP.
A new study finds clear links between abrupt climate changes and fire activity during the transition between the last Ice Age and the warm interglacial period. Biomass burning tracked general climate changes closely, increasing as conditions warmed and decreasing during the cool interval.
Researchers used fMRI to track real-time brain activity as participants read and processed individual words and short stories. The study found that readers mentally simulate each new situation encountered in a narrative, using perceptual and motor representations to comprehend narrated activity.
A new research project aims to give children's voices to urban expansion in the UK. The project uses innovative technologies like GPS tracking and text messages to poll children on their daily activities and gather evidence on community design.
Ahmed Zewail is honored with the 2009 Othmer Gold Medal for his groundbreaking work in femtochemistry, enabling scientists to study reactions in real time. He is also a tireless advocate for science education, working globally to promote its value and accessibility.
Researchers studying astronauts on the International Space Station found a greater rate of bone deterioration than previously thought. Astronauts experienced an average loss of 14% hipbone strength, comparable to those with osteoporosis.
A new study demonstrates that training physicians in humanism fosters better communication skills, which are crucial for high-quality patient care. The research, conducted at five diverse medical schools, reveals a link between humanistic values and improved outcomes.
A new report by a University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee faculty member recommends improving school facilities nationwide, totaling $254.6 billion in national need. The study aims to help policymakers create an economic stimulus plan that benefits communities and reduces property-tax burdens.
A patented Michigan State University process pretreats corn-crop waste to enhance its usefulness and reduce costs. The AFEX (ammonia fiber expansion) method breaks down cellulose and hemicellulose in plants more efficiently, allowing for the creation of biofuels from cellulose without added nutrients.