Articles tagged with Universities
Researchers have identified a new family of small-molecule metabolites responsible for the bright green color in certain shark species. This unique biofluorescence mechanism allows sharks to identify each other and potentially fight off microbial infections.
Despite temperature fluctuations, treehoppers' mating habits remain intact. Researchers at Saint Louis University found that male treehoppers' songs and female preferences adapt together in response to changing temperatures.
Researchers discovered that intense light amplifies the PER2 gene, which bolsters blood vessels and offers protection against heart attacks. The study found that mice exposed to intense light had reduced cardiac tissue damage after a heart attack, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for humans.
A recent study found that nearly half of university and two-year college students in the US experience food insecurity, leading to academic struggles, mental health issues, and reduced career opportunities. Food insecure students often turn to unhealthy coping mechanisms or go without meals, exacerbating the problem.
A recent study published in the Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine found that depression is the single largest driver of substance use during pregnancy. Pregnant women with depression were 2.6 times more likely to use cannabis and twice as likely to smoke cigarettes and use alcohol while pregnant.
Researchers studied H2SO4-GIC to monitor stage transitions and observed a difference in mechanisms between natural flake graphite-based and HOPG-based GICs. The findings advance the field of graphene and have potential applications in Li-ion batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, and single-layer graphene production.
Researchers found that self-diagnosis using the internet can lead to successful diagnoses of rare inherited conditions like autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD). The study received over 665 referrals from 1996 to 2017, with positive genetic testing results in 27% of cases.
An international team detected a very hot, dense outflowing wind close to a black hole at least 25,000 light-years from Earth. The gas was emitted in bursts that repeated every 8 minutes, revealing unprecedented behavior around a black hole.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have created a new form of gold that is just two atoms thick, making it the thinnest unsupported gold ever created. The ultra-thin gold material has been shown to be 10 times more efficient as a catalytic substrate than traditional gold nanoparticles.
Researchers create paper-based structures that mimic aortic valves, allowing them to study how calcifying diseases slow or stop hearts from functioning. The device helps understand the chemical transactions in heart disease and may eventually lead to non-invasive medication.
A new treatment could protect brain cells affected by Parkinson's disease, potentially slowing or stopping its progression. Dr Heather Mortiboys and her team will modify drug compounds that boost cell function in people living with Parkinson's.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University discovered Mankai duckweed provides significant health benefits, including glycemic control and high protein content. The study showed that Mankai shake consumption reduced glucose peak levels and morning fasting glucose levels compared to a yogurt shake equivalent.
A study of over 1.4 million military veterans found that those with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are more likely to die by suicide, with a significant increase in firearm use as a means of suicide. The researchers emphasize the importance of screening for lifetime history of TBI to prevent future deaths by suicide.
Researchers found that bats can distinguish insect from leaf by approaching at optimal angles, exploiting echo reflection on leaves. The study has implications for predator-prey interactions and echolocation.
A white paper from University of Phoenix and NNSTOY highlights the critical need to increase Black male educator representation to improve student learning. The shortage has negative implications for culturally and academically enriched education, leading to lower dropout rates, improved test scores, and a more positive view of schooling.
A longitudinal study of 3,756 U.S. medical students found that racism in medical school was associated with graduating students' decisions to provide care in high-need communities. Strategies such as service learning experiences and a curriculum focused on minority health can increase intention to practice in underserved areas.
Researchers developed a simulator mimicking human torso behavior to test new back brace designs without human testing. The rig allows for optimized constraint of specific motions while enabling other movements, potentially reducing discomfort and improving spine stability.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that people with loneliness and social anxiety are more likely to experience negative outcomes from using dating apps. They tend to compulsively use the apps, even in social situations, leading to missed classes, work trouble, or social anxiety.
Researchers predict that warmer winters in the Chesapeake Bay will lead to longer and more productive blue crab seasons. As water temperatures rise, blue crabs' overwinter survival is expected to increase by at least 20%, potentially extending their season year-round.
A team of scientists has discovered previously unknown binding sites on a bacterial enzyme that could guide novel approaches to antibiotic design. The researchers identified key sections of the MraY enzyme that can be targeted with new drugs to inhibit the spread of certain bacterial infections.
Scientists develop a soft snail robot that harnesses energy from a laser beam to crawl on horizontal surfaces and climb vertical walls. The robot's unique properties offer insights into micromechanics with smart materials, paving the way for future exploration in small-scale soft robotics.
A new study reveals that school fitness tests have little association with students' enjoyment of PE and emotions towards the subject. Despite polarized views, research suggests that fitness testing is not effective in promoting a positive outlook or discouraging participation.
New studies by CU researchers reveal that both genetic and environmental factors play significant roles in the onset of vitiligo. The findings suggest that unidentified factors contribute to the disease's complex etiology, complicating personalized medicine approaches.
The ReBUILDetroit program, a partnership between University of Detroit Mercy and Wayne State University, has received a $19.4 million NIH grant renewal to provide scholarships and stipends for students enrolled in the program. The program aims to encourage underrepresented students to pursue careers in biomedical research.
The Berlin University Alliance, consisting of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Technische Universität Berlin, and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, has won a major award in the German Excellence Strategy competition. The alliance will receive up to 196 million euros over seven years to create an integrated ...
Researchers found that babies as young as six months old show empathy towards a bullied victim, preferring to choose the distressed figure over the bully. This discovery debunks the theory that babies only develop empathy after one year of age.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers found an association between increased symptoms of burnout and heightened racial bias in medical residents. Physicians experiencing high symptoms of burnout tended to exhibit more racial bias, both explicit and implicit, but recoveries from burnout were linked to reductions in bias.
A new study by Baylor University found that supervisors driven by profit motive can create low-quality relationships with employees, leading to a loss of performance. Employees perceive these relationships as distrustful and unaffectionate, resulting in decreased productivity and commitment.
Research finds that engaging patients with community resources can improve overall well-being and health outcomes. The concept of patient ecosystem management (PEM) focuses on treating patients differently, including assessing and managing resources outside the hospital setting.
A cross-sectional study of over 16,000 osteopathic medical students found that high empathy scores are linked to better clinical competence and patient outcomes. The study established national norms for assessing medical students' empathy, which can help identify students who need additional education to boost their level of empathy.
Researchers studied Adélie penguins at Edmonson Point to examine immune and genetic stability. They found quantities of cell types associated with future cell death, genomic instability, or cancer development in 19 adult penguins.
A population-based study in Alberta, Canada, found that hospital-acquired C. diff is associated with significant attributable cost and length of stay among adult inpatients. The analysis used micro-costing data and a propensity score-based design to determine the economic burden of HA-CDI.
A new study at Cornell University found that smaller class sizes lead to more equitable participation in STEM classrooms, particularly for women. The research highlights the importance of diverse teaching strategies and evidence-based active-learning techniques to create a small classroom climate.
A new study published in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology found that using the number of central lines as a denominator decreased Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) rates by 25%. The presence of multiple concurrent central lines may indicate severity of illness, posing a risk for bloodstream infections.
Research finds top universities globally struggle to implement diversity outreach initiatives, with varying levels of compliance across four areas. Despite progress in inclusivity, institutions still lag behind in addressing inequalities and promoting social justice.
College students with lower social self-efficacy benefit from using Facebook to form new connections, while those with higher confidence rely on traditional media. The study found that Facebook can compensate for reduced face-to-face interaction with close friends and works best when supplementing traditional media in making new colleg...
Twelve scientists have been recognized by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology for their significant contributions to biochemistry, molecular biology, and education. The award winners include Paul Black, Manajit Hayer-Hartl, Jean Schaffer, Edward Dennis, Yang Zhang, David Pagliarini, Kevin Campbell, among others.
A new paper outlines concrete guidelines for restoring coral populations by maximizing genetic diversity, allowing them to adapt to local conditions and thrive. The guidelines, developed by a consortium of experts, provide a definitive plan for collecting, raising, and replanting corals in locations similar to their original environment.
A new study found that Canada's high school curricula often fail to provide a comprehensive understanding of climate change, including its causes and consequences. The research highlights the need for accurate and scientifically-based climate education to prepare the next generation of Canadians to address this pressing issue.
The University of Maryland School of Medicine has been awarded a $750,000 grant to establish a rural residency program in Maryland's Eastern shore communities. The program aims to develop a sustainable pipeline for primary care physicians in rural areas, addressing the growing shortage of providers in the region.
A New Jersey outpatient facility experienced a severe outbreak of bacterial septic arthritis infections following tainted knee injections. The investigation identified multiple breaches of recommended infection prevention practices, including inadequate hand hygiene and unsafe injection techniques.
Active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is now performed in half of centers, a significant increase from the previous study. Financial support for physician stewardship medical directors has also increased to 78% since 2013.
A new study from Florida Atlantic University and the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire found that adolescent 'sexting' is not at epidemic levels as reported in media headlines. Most students were not participating in sexting, with only about 14% receiving explicit images or sending them to romantic partners.
The Decker School of Nursing at Binghamton University has received a $2.8 million grant to support graduate nursing students in rural areas, with the goal of increasing primary-care providers in underserved areas.
A new study has identified 40 crucial genes in Cryptococcus that impact human disease outcomes, offering a potential breakthrough in treatment. The findings could lead to personalized medicine approaches and reduced reliance on toxic antifungals.
Hyaluronic acid, a natural substance found in the body, has been linked to the activation of immune cells in the brain. This discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammation-related conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
A new study finds that fossil fuels' ratios of extracted energy to produced energy are lower than previously thought, especially at the finished fuel stage. The study warns that declining EROI may lead to a 'net energy cliff', where available energy declines rapidly.
The All of Us Research Program aims to advance individualized prevention, treatment and care by enrolling more than 1 million participants from diverse backgrounds. Participants will share health information, participate in clinical trials and contribute to the development of precision medicine.
A structured management algorithm for major depressive disorder has been implemented in primary care clinics with a significant number of patients screened positive for depression. The study found that stronger patient education and additional approaches can help reduce attrition rates among those who fail to return for follow-up care.
Researchers developed an AI tool to detect discrimination in salaries and policing, using causality-based counterfactual inference algorithms. The tool was tested on various datasets and found evidence of gender-based discrimination in salary, with women having lower odds of receiving a salary over $50,000 per year.
Research finds children of lower-education parents, single-parent households, and low-income families face higher risks of dying between ages 1 and 24. Family resources independently associate with increased risk.
A new blood test has shown potential to diagnose human tuberculosis and identify those at most risk of developing the disease. The test, Actiphage, was found to be highly sensitive in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with 73% of participants testing positive for the bacteria.
A study led by Queen Mary University of London found that goats can differentiate between positive and negative emotion-linked vocalisations. The researchers measured behavioral and physiological changes in response to these calls, suggesting that goats are sensitive to the emotional states of others.
The DoRIoT project aims to enable statutory regulations and industry standards on data security, reliability, and privacy in the Internet of Things. By developing self-organizing migration of services, companies can operate independently of cloud infrastructure and reduce traffic and reaction time.
Astronomers observed a massive protostar's gaseous disk for the first time, finding it shares common features with lighter baby stars. The discovery suggests that star formation is the same process, regardless of final mass.
A new study found that over three-quarters of biology conferences lack codes of conduct, while those that do often fail to address key issues like sexual misconduct. The authors recommend improving codes by making them apparent, centering marginalized groups' experiences, and establishing clear reporting channels.
A survey of over 3,400 university students found that one in five reported problematic smartphone use, associated with lower grades, mental health problems, and more sexual partners. Problematic smartphone use was also linked to higher rates of alcohol misuse and ADHD-like symptoms.
During their first year of university, males experience greater unhealthy weight gain due to poor diets, while females fare better. Sex-specific interventions are crucial to improve dietary habits and mitigate negative health consequences.
Researchers developed Deep-CEE, a deep learning technique to speed up finding galaxy clusters. The novel approach uses AI models trained on images to identify galaxy clusters, replacing manual analysis by astronomer George Abell.
A collaboration between amateur astronomers and the Ministry of Defence has successfully used high-end consumer equipment to track satellites in space. The project shows that small aperture prosumer level lenses can monitor positions and maintain accurate orbits for low Earth orbit satellites.