Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study by the University of Sheffield found that adults with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia living in deprived areas have a 15-20% higher risk of dying. Hospitals treating small numbers of leukaemia cases also have significantly lower survival rates.
A rare 200-million-year-old ichthyosaur specimen of the new species Wahlisaurus massarae has been discovered in a UK private collection. This fossil is only the second known example of this species, previously discovered by Dean Lomax in 2016.
The AR Girls project aims to promote science and computer science interest among young women through augmented reality design experiences. The team will work with local art organizations to create AR stories or games that address science questions and issues relevant to their communities.
Researchers studied angiosperm genera in China, finding that eastern provinces have a 'museum' of ancient plants, while western provinces are an evolutionary cradle for herbaceous genera. The study suggests conservation efforts should focus on connecting nature reserves across provincial borders.
A new study from Tulane University finds that medical students who devoted more time to the humanities during medical school had significantly higher levels of positive physician attributes like empathy, tolerance of ambiguity, wisdom, and emotional intelligence. This is linked to lower levels of adverse traits like burnout.
A study published in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology found that patient age, insurance, and race are associated with risk of receiving an unneeded antibiotic prescription. Advanced practice providers were 15% more likely to prescribe antibiotics than physician providers, highlighting the need for tailored education.
Scientists at McGill University Health Centre and the University of Lorraine discovered a new cause of cblC, a rare condition affecting vitamin B12 processing. The study found epimutation, a gene modification causing silencing of one copy of the MMACHC gene, leading to severe health problems.
A study of over 160,000 ranked chess players found that female players won matches against men more often than predicted by their ratings. The findings suggest that negative stereotypes about women's chess abilities do not significantly impact their performance during competitive games.
Associate Professor Ole Green, CEO of Agrointelli, has been awarded the Innovation Fund Denmark 'Innovator of the Year 2018' prize for his work on self-driving agricultural machines and precision spraying. The prize recognizes his efforts to develop smart technologies that create new Danish jobs.
A comprehensive analysis of 150 university policies reveals limited research supporting compelled disclosure, which can silence and disempower survivors. Researchers propose four alternative approaches prioritizing survivor-centered goals to protect everyone involved in sexual assault cases.
A Stanford-led synthesis paper reveals strengths and weaknesses of corporate environmental pledges, suggesting a range of public-private policy solutions to boost their impact. The study recommends complementing regulation with endorsement and reinforcement of company standards, sharing information, and covering compliance costs for sm...
A six-year study found no benefits or protective effects of giving teenagers alcohol when compared to those not given alcohol. Parental provision was associated with increased likelihood of accessing alcohol through other sources. The study advises against supplying alcohol to teenagers to reduce risk of alcohol-related harms.
A new study from the University of Sheffield suggests that vitamin D supplements could help alleviate painful IBS symptoms. The research found a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in IBS patients, regardless of ethnicity, and showed that vitamin D supplements had the most benefit on quality of life.
Researchers found that women in female-dominated workplaces face a 'women's work penalty' with worse access to flexible working arrangements. The study, published in the European Journal of Industrial Relations, suggests that low wages are accompanied by poor working conditions.
New research from Chapman University found that 40% of teens aged 13-19 reported an adverse effect while consuming energy drinks. The most common side effects included insomnia, jittery feelings, and heart palpitations. Additionally, some teens mix alcohol with energy drinks and use them for weight loss.
A study led by Temple University and the University of Houston aims to boost academic performance and persistence in college among low-income students through a food scholarship program. The program, which provides direct access to food, has shown promise in improving student outcomes and closing the gap on college completion rates.
A team of researchers at the University of Cincinnati has discovered how myostatin, a signaling protein limiting muscle growth, is activated. This knowledge could lead to new treatments for diseases like muscular dystrophy, ALS, and cancer cachexia.
A recent study suggests that disillusionment with Brexit and the US presidential election leads to a shift towards more extreme political attitudes. Disillusioned individuals often question their understanding of society and strive for a sense of orientation through endorsing radicalized views, warns the research.
Research shows that college branding can enhance the motivational significance of marketed beer brands, especially for students who strongly identify with their university. This effect could lead to increased underage drinking behavior.
New research by Anglia Ruskin University reveals that exposure to natural environments improves body appreciation and promotes respect for the body, reducing rigid ideals around appearance.
Researchers found that Antarctic fish can adapt to warmer waters but are unable to withstand both climate stressors simultaneously. The study suggests these fish must use their existing physiology, which is limited, to cope with the challenges.
A consortium of UK and European universities will test the validity of quantum superposition principle using a tiny glass particle levitated in a vacuum. The experiment aims to determine if quantum mechanics apply at larger scales, with implications for quantum technology applications.
Shale gas ranks seventh out of nine electricity options due to its significant environmental and social impacts. To become a more sustainable option, large improvements are needed, including reducing environmental impacts by 329-fold and increasing employment by 16 times.
A study of 8947 African American and White students found that a non-discriminatory school climate and increased teacher diversity are associated with lower delinquent behavior scores. Perceived peer inclusion surprisingly increases delinquent behavior, highlighting the need for programs to incentivize teachers of color.
Scientists from Waseda University and others have successfully visualized the structure of heterochromatin using cryo-electron microscopy. The study sheds light on how heterochromatin regulates genes and its connection to various diseases, including cancer and virus infections.
A recent study published in the British Journal of General Practice found that patients with multiple long-term health conditions are more likely to attend emergency departments. The study analyzed data from over 800,000 patients in east London and found a significant link between socioeconomic deprivation and ED attendance rates.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev develop a technique to detect when a drone is capturing video of a person's location without their consent. The method uses controlled physical changes to modulate data transmitted on the FPV channel, allowing victims to prove privacy invasion attacks were committed.
Professor James Hough receives the Gold Medal for his seminal contribution to gravitational waves, while Professor Robert White is awarded for a lifetime of distinguished achievement in solid Earth geophysics. The awards recognize significant achievements in astronomy and geophysics across various fields.
Hospital patients believe inadequate nursing staff negatively impact their care experience. The study highlights the importance of sufficient nurse-to-patient ratios in improving patient satisfaction and overall hospital quality.
A study by Dr. Jonathon Rendina and Dr. Jeffrey Parsons found that 70% of HIV-positive and 36% of HIV-negative men perceive the 'Undetectable = Untransmittable' message as accurate, with rates increasing since earlier studies. Regular testing and PrEP use are associated with higher accuracy perceptions.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University will design and deploy a software-defined testbed for real-time undersea wireless communications and surveillance. They aim to advance the state-of-the-art in 3D passive undersea acoustic localization by providing novel algorithmic solutions.
Karen Cheng, a third-year medical student at Boston University School of Medicine, has created an automated device that kills mosquito larvae in rooftop water tanks, reducing the spread of Zika and other viruses. The invention was recognized with a $3,500 award from the Clinton Global Initiative University Conference Innovation Fund.
A study led by the University of Leeds found that reactive gases emitted by forests have a net cooling effect, outweighing their warming impact. This means deforestation could lead to higher temperatures than previously anticipated, highlighting the need for better understanding of forest climate impacts.
Researchers have created a method to rapidly align and twist carbon nanotubes on a slide, producing short, high-strength fibers. The technique reduces production time from hours to minutes, enabling quicker testing and analysis of the fibers' properties.
The Dark Energy Survey has publicly released its first three years of data, containing information on 400 million astronomical objects, including distant galaxies and stars in the Milky Way. The dataset also reveals 11 new stellar streams, remnants of smaller galaxies torn apart by the Milky Way.
A recent study published in The Review of Higher Education reveals that institutional rankings have little to no relationship with student engagement, a key indicator of collegiate quality. Despite their high ranks, students at higher-profile institutions reported fewer interactions with faculty and lower levels of engagement.
Scientists discovered fossil evidence of deep-sea marine life burrowing up to eight meters below the seabed, which is four times deeper than previously thought. The findings suggest that deep-sea burrowing marine life may be more abundant than previously considered.
A new study published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology found that linking success in certain fields to intellectual talent undermines women's interest in them. Women showed less interest in career areas linked to 'brilliance' relative to other traits, such as dedication.
A Baylor University study found that combining biological and non-biological beliefs about mental illness causes can lead to increased stigma. The researchers suggest that addressing these complex views in public campaigns and policy initiatives could help reduce stigma, particularly for conditions like depression and schizophrenia.
A recent study found that at least 61% of people who try their first cigarette become daily smokers, suggesting the need to prioritize efforts to reduce cigarette experimentation among adolescents. The study analyzed data from over 215,000 survey respondents and published in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research.
Michigan State University is building a unique online data hub to study African slavery with a $1.5 million grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The project, called "Enslaved," will link millions of pieces of slave data to identify enslaved individuals and their descendants.
A team of six MSU professors aim to increase women's representation in agricultural science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields. They will provide an online course targeting freshman and sophomore students, highlighting the diversity of roles and contributions by women currently working in agricultural careers.
The STARS (Students and Trainees Advocating for Resource Stewardship) program at Boston University School of Medicine aims to help medical students develop skills to identify the appropriate amount of patient care. Through the program, students will review ABIM Foundation's Choosing Wisely value-based care campaign and use tools like t...
A recent study by Ben-Gurion University researchers found that conception during intrauterine device (IUD) use is associated with higher risks of preterm delivery, low birth weight babies, bacterial infections, and fetal loss. The study tracked 221,800 deliveries over a 23-year period.
A new study shows that female professors experience more demands and requests for special favors from students, particularly those with high academic entitlement. These requests can be emotionally taxing and affect career advancement opportunities.
A study by Kazan Federal University researchers explores the evolution of teacher education in Russia and England over 40 years, revealing similarities in policy changes and decision-making. The authors found that globalization has created common standards for teacher education, with a focus on psychological aspects in Russian pedagogy.
Researchers discovered that peacock spiders' intense rainbow iridescence emerges from specialized abdominal scales with airfoil-like microscopic 3D contour and nanoscale diffraction grating structures. This finding may inspire new color technology for applications such as space missions and wearable chemical detection systems.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that female students outperform male students on biology courses where exams count for less than half of the total grade. The researchers suggest that instructors can mitigate performance gaps by using a mixed assessment model, incorporating lower-stakes exams and quizzes.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a new technique to determine and visualize the three-dimensional structure of individual dopant atoms in semiconductors, correlated with their electrical activity. This breakthrough could support the development of high-performance devices.
Female moths can increase their chances of attracting a mate by emitting sex pheromones in close proximity to attractive females. Attractive females also benefit from proximity to unattractive females, mating sooner than if searching alone or with other attractive females.
Scientists use x-ray lasers to map out water's fluctuations between two liquid states as it cools. Water behaves strangely compared to other substances, with density and specific heat responding oppositely to pressure and temperature changes.
Researchers develop 3D images of the cervix using MRI to better understand its micro-structure and how it supports pregnancy. The findings suggest a fibrous structure running along the upper part of the cervix, which provides strength and support during pregnancy.
A new medical school curriculum aims to educate healthcare professionals on recognizing the signs of human trafficking, a public health crisis in the US. The M-SIGHT program utilizes patient simulation training to prepare students to identify victims and intervene on their behalf.
A new study found that cigarette smoking rates increased among individuals with substance use disorders, including hallucinogens and heroin, while decreasing among those with cannabis use disorders. More than half of individuals with a substance use disorder reported cigarette use in the past month, compared to 18% without a disorder.
A new study by Hebrew University researcher Ran Hassin reveals that our unconscious mind quickly registers faces associated with power and potential threat, while ignoring those deemed trustworthy. The findings have implications for understanding mental disorders such as autism and PTSD.
Researchers mapped the global impact of shrinking glaciers on river invertebrates, revealing a consistently patterned response across diverse regions. The study highlights the potential to track environmental impacts on invertebrate groups using trait-based approaches.
A randomised controlled trial found that mindfulness training significantly reduced psychological distress and improved wellbeing among university students. The study, published in The Lancet Public Health, suggests that mindfulness can help build resilience against stress and is a useful addition to existing interventions.
A new 'checkpoint' model can identify potential drugs to treat genetic disorders by allowing compounds to bypass premature stop instructions once, reducing the risk of harmful protein generation. The model has been used to screen hundreds of genes and existing FDA-approved drugs, identifying two promising targets for drug development.
Scientists at the University of Leeds have found that an old antibiotic candidate, pentyl pantothenamide, can stop E. coli growth but not kill it, making it effective against a specific type of bacteria. The discovery opens up the possibility of designing new drugs using the same mechanism to attack other disease-causing bacteria.
A Penn State research group extended its food safety training program to Armenia, showing significant improvements in students' knowledge, behavior, and attitudes towards food safety. The project aims to replicate the program in Ukraine, Africa, and Latin America to combat global foodborne illness.