Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers characterized a mysterious fungus found in North Carolina's pine forests and discovered its home in the fungal tree of life. The study highlights the potential value of environmental sequencing to guide taxonomic and ecological discovery.
A new study using Big Butterfly Count (BBC) data from citizen scientists shows that mass-participation science can provide additional assessments of biodiversity change. The results demonstrate the potential for citizen science to inform long-term monitoring of butterfly populations and complement standardised biodiversity monitoring.
A study found that nearly three-quarters of medical professionals improperly share log-in credentials to access electronic medical records (EMRs), compromising patient data. Researchers recommend improving access credentials management and granting maximum privileges for one-time use to reduce password sharing.
Rice University scientists developed a superhydrophilic membrane that can remove more than 90% of hydrocarbons, bacteria, and particulates from contaminated fracking water. The filter keeps emulsified hydrocarbons from passing through, allowing for reuse and reducing the need for storage or transportation.
The Pierre Auger Collaboration reports that cosmic rays with energies a million times greater than the protons accelerated in the Large Hadron Collider come from much further away. The study discovered an anisotropy in the arrival directions of over 30,000 cosmic particles, indicating an extragalactic origin.
A CWRU researcher led an international team to develop functional materials inspired by nature, including sticky and durable caddisfly silk and sea cucumber skin. The research aims to create materials with wide range of practical uses, such as soft-sided robots for search-and rescue missions.
A study analyzing 137 YouTube videos found that nearly all promote the 'fun' side of drinking, often featuring traditional advertisements or showcasing alcohol's social benefits. Researchers suggest parents help their kids develop media literacy to become more critical thinkers about alcohol ads.
A study of 130,000 people in 17 countries found that 30 minutes of physical activity five days a week can prevent one in 12 deaths and one in 20 cases of cardiovascular disease. Higher levels of physical activity are associated with even lower risks.
Research suggests that binge drinking habits, rather than the amount consumed, can negatively impact a college graduate's chances of landing a job. The study found that heavy drinkers had a 10% lower probability of finding employment compared to non-binge drinkers.
The National Science Foundation's EPSCoR program awards $5.6 million to 30 non-tenured researchers across 20 states. The fellowships provide opportunities for extended collaborative visits, partnerships with complementary expertise, and access to sophisticated equipment.
The Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center has received a six-year, $15.6 million grant from the National Science Foundation to advance world-class materials research, education, and outreach. The center will support interdisciplinary research groups focusing on reconfigurable nanoelectronic materials...
Researchers found that poison frogs will carry experimentally placed tadpoles to pools, triggering parental care instinct. The study suggests that tactile stimuli from the tadpoles play a key role in this complex behavior.
Women and men in chemistry face traumatic experiences of sexual harassment, with many not reporting incidents due to shame or fear of retribution. In response, universities and science departments are establishing training and support networks, while legislation proposes requiring university reports to federal agencies.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield found that animals spin silk by pulling, not pushing, which could lead to more environmentally-friendly synthetic materials. The new process, known as pultrusion, has the potential to improve how synthetic textiles are processed and reduce environmental damage.
Teenagers who try e-cigarettes are 2.16 times more likely to be susceptible to cigarette smoking, according to a study from the University of Waterloo and Wake Forest School of Medicine. The use of e-cigarettes among adolescents may lead to an increase in harmful cigarette use.
Researchers found OCD is associated with normative IQ that is slightly lower than control samples, suggesting slowness rather than intellectual ability. The myth may decrease motivation for seeking help, as TV programs like Monk perpetuate the misconception of OCD being linked to superior intelligence.
Researchers knocked out a control gene in seven different butterfly species using CRISPR technology, showing that a single gene influences the diversity of wing patterns. The study reveals unexpected ways in which this gene affects wing pattern, providing insights into the evolutionary origins of biodiversity.
The team demonstrates that titanium dioxide can be modified to be used as an electrode in multivalent batteries, providing a valuable proof of concept. This breakthrough could lead to higher charge densities and better performance for new battery technologies, essential for transitioning to low-emission energy sources.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have found a significant reduction in alcohol drinking behavior by mice that had been given a drug blocking a specific response from the immune system in the brain, highlighting the importance of the brain's immune system in driving desire to drink alcohol.
A study found that only 9% of medical schools teach their students about medical marijuana, leaving physicians-in-training unprepared to address patient questions. The research highlights a mismatch between state laws and medical education, emphasizing the need for more training on the benefits and drawbacks of medical marijuana.
A study of New Orleans' plant life post-Katrina found that demographic factors, such as wealth and race, were better predictors of vegetation patterns than flood intensity. The research highlights the need for better public policy and management to address the social and environmental challenges in post-disaster recovery.
A Baylor University survey finds that religious Americans are not concerned with the secular nature of the internet. Most report no effect from the internet on their spiritual lives, while some believe it has a positive impact. The study also reveals varying views on technology's role in religion and life's purpose.
A Michigan State University study found that expressive writing helps chronically anxious individuals perform stressful tasks more efficiently by freeing up brain resources. By writing about their thoughts and feelings, participants used fewer cognitive resources, leading to improved task accuracy and reaction times.
A study found that university students consistently believe their peers have more friends than they do, affecting their happiness. This misperception can be corrected through interventions to promote friendship formation, supporting students' transition to university life.
A University of Washington-led study explores the connection between microaggressions and racism, finding that whites who commit them are more likely to harbor negative feelings towards blacks. The research suggests that such subtle biases can be just as damaging as overt forms of racism.
Two studies found that praising children's intelligence leads to increased dishonesty and cheating. The research suggests that 'smart' praise creates expectations and pressures children to perform well, leading them to cheat. The findings highlight the importance of using specific, behavior-based praise to promote positive outcomes.
Saint Louis University's civil engineering students will design and test steel beams and concrete frames at full-scale thanks to a recent National Science Foundation grant. The new lab aims to provide experiential learning opportunities, enabling students to better prepare for the workforce.
Boston University School of Medicine has received a two-year, $300,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to engage undergraduate students from underrepresented groups in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The project, BEST BET, aims to broaden career exploration options beyond traditional tracks.
A new tool, G-TRUST, has been developed to help clinicians identify trustworthy and relevant practice guidelines. The eight-item checklist assesses guideline quality based on expert consensus, identifying low-quality guidelines and disqualifying high-quality ones.
A new study found that adults who sit for one to two hours without moving have a higher mortality rate than those with shorter bouts of sedentary time. Breaking up long sitting periods into shorter intervals can help reduce death risk, according to researchers.
A new study published in Medical Education found that both cognitive and affective empathy of medical students improve over the course of their training, challenging the common perception that empathy declines during medical school. The study used a variety of measures to assess empathy and found that improvements in perspective-taking...
University of Delaware researchers develop a one-step technology to extract sugars from wood chips and other organic waste, eliminating the need for harsh chemicals and high processing costs. The innovative method results in a 95% theoretical yield of sugars and enables the economical production of feed streams for bioproducts.
Researchers developed an automatic detection method called A-MUD to analyze ultrasonic vocalizations in mice. The tool was compared to manual methods and commercial solutions, showing equal quality and lower error rates.
The Krembil Research Institute and University Health Network release new guidelines discouraging brain imaging as a test for chronic pain. Brain imaging is considered unreliable due to variability between people and within individuals, making it unsuitable as a 'lie detector' test.
Scientists have successfully produced artemisinin, a key malaria treatment, in large quantities using genetically engineered moss. The process is simple, efficient, and cost-effective, offering a promising solution to the global shortage of artemisinin.
Researchers engineered antimicrobial agents from a bacteria that targets specific strains, making them harmless. The new treatment could prevent or cure C. difficile infection, which kills thousands worldwide.
Researchers found that art observation training significantly improved observational recognition skills among first-year medical students. The study also showed improvements in empathy and emotional recognition, as well as an increase in open-mindedness. Art training alone can help teach medical students to become better clinical obser...
Artificial coral reefs can be more attractive to divers than natural formations and help mitigate potential reef damage. A new study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that artificial reefs around the world can evaluate aesthetic, behavioral, and attitudinal aspects of diving experiences.
Scientists discovered that insects can see in far greater detail than previously thought due to the rapid movement of photoreceptor cells, allowing them to resolve small objects at high speeds. This challenges long-held assumptions about insect vision and has implications for improving robotic sensors.
A study found that inadequate sleep leads to reduced mental wellbeing and everyday memory problems. The researchers argue that ensuring people get adequate sleep should be a public health priority.
Research by University of Kent psychologist Dr Giovanni Travaglino found that anger against the political system is a common factor in explaining support for Anonymous. People who feel angry and powerless are more likely to express their dissent vicariously through Anonymous rather than engaging directly in politics.
Scientists at the University of Sussex have developed a new algorithm that enables smartwatches to detect and record daily human activities in real-time. The algorithm outperforms existing approaches by tracking ongoing activity and paying attention to transitions, providing a more accurate picture of daily life.
A new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that vaccination efforts in poor countries have prevented 20 million deaths and saved $350 billion by 2020. The researchers also estimated a broader economic value of $820 billion, with certain vaccines providing the greatest benefits.
A study published in Springer's journal Race and Social Problems found that white students who engage in microaggressive acts are likely to endorse colorblind, symbolic, and modern racist attitudes. The research suggests that these small actions can be indicative of broader negative racial attitudes towards black students.
A new study suggests that the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was caused by volcanic carbon emissions, resulting in a rapid doubling of atmospheric CO2. The event, which lasted around 150 thousand years, saw global temperatures increase by at least 5oC.
Research finds that people tend to lean more economically conservative when they're angry, as anger enhances support for economic conservatism by making them more competitive. Additionally, studies show that being reminded of gratitude can lead to more economically liberal responses.
A study published by The BMJ found that staying in education is associated with a lower risk of developing coronary heart disease. Increasing the number of years spent in education may lower this risk by a substantial amount, say the authors.
Harold Grotevant, a UMass Amherst professor and internationally known adoption expert, has been chosen for the Elizabeth Hurlock Beckman Award. The award recognizes educators who have inspired their former students to create an organization that benefits the community. Grotevant established two mentoring programs, including the Adoptio...
Researchers have developed motorized molecules that can target and destroy specific cells using ultraviolet light. The nanomachines can be designed to deliver drugs or disrupt cell membranes, showing promise for treating diseases like breast tumors and melanomas.
Researchers have directly observed high-speed sub-microsecond ferroelastic domain switching in Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3 thin films, paving the way for ultrafast electromechanical switches and sensors. This finding is crucial for the development of high-performance piezoMEMS devices.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University are developing a Placenta-on-a-Chip device that simulates malaria in the womb to develop new treatments. The device uses embedded microsensors to monitor vascular cell well-being and nutrient circulation, enabling close examination of malaria's effects on mother and fetus.
Dr. Betty S. Pace will receive the ASH Leadership in Promoting Diversity Award for her commitment to diversity and inclusion in hematology. She has trained over 80 underrepresented minority individuals, including 45% of those she has personally mentored.
A new study reveals a significant increase in US opioid-related overdose deaths and acute care costs, with nearly 4 million patients requiring critical care services over seven years. The study found a 34% increase in overdose-related ICU admissions, with mortality rates rising at the same rate.
A new study led by a University of Kansas sociologist reveals that 'marrying up' has become easier for men and improves their economic well-being. The researchers found that women are more likely to marry less-educated men, leading to a decrease in the overall net advantage of being female in terms of family-standard-of-living.
The largest ever recorded Ichthyosaurus was a pregnant adult female, estimated to be 3-3.5m long, and is an important discovery for the field of palaeontology. The specimen, found in a museum collection, has provided valuable insights into the size range of the species and the presence of embryos.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has developed a potent group of kinase inhibitors, known as the Kinase Chemogenomic Set, which will allow researchers to explore the human kinome in greater depth. The set consists of over 500 compounds and is available for free use by the scientific community.
The University of Texas at Arlington has received a $498,981 equipment grant to upgrade its ability to send and receive encrypted high-speed data securely through optical cables. This technology will enable researchers to perform high-speed coherent communications and signal processing experiments with both optical and electronic signals.
Researchers found that microbes living at low population densities are more likely to mutate and develop antibiotic resistance. This discovery could lead to better understanding of antibiotic resistance and its prevention.
The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) and two other organizations will attend the GAIN Annual Convention to promote careers in departmental research. The event offers job opportunities and networking platforms for young German academics.
A University of Leeds research team identified a protein called Piezo1 in the lining of blood vessels that detects changes in blood flow during exercise. The study found that this protein plays a crucial role in controlling blood flow to the intestines, which may help overcome metabolic syndrome and its associated conditions.