Articles tagged with Europe
A new report reveals that cutting down on meat and dairy products can reduce nitrogen air and water pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and free up large areas of farmland. Adopting a demitarian diet across Europe could reduce nitrogen pollution levels by about 40%.
Researchers will simulate the impact of tsunamis on urban areas, modeling how water channels around clusters of buildings. The facility aims to produce engineering guidelines to mitigate future tsunami impacts. The research has far-reaching implications for building and urban design in tsunami-prone areas.
Researchers found East African honeybees resistant to invasive parasites, but preliminary data suggests habitat loss and drought may be major factors driving colony declines. The study recommends protecting nesting habitats and native flowering plants to maintain healthy bee populations.
A recent study reveals that persons captured in medieval raids into present-day Finland, Russian Karelia, and the Baltic Countries were sold on remote trade routes extending to Central Asia. The demand for blonde girls and boys as exotic luxury items drove this trade, with only a few hundred of thousands reaching southern markets.
A European-wide strategy is needed to manage invasive species, threatening native biodiversity, and costing an estimated €12 billion each year. The EU must commit long-term investment to address the issue, including raising awareness of biosecurity and implementing European-wide legislation.
Researchers used advanced dating techniques to analyze remains from three caves in Spain, Girona, Gipuzkoa, and Asturias. The findings suggest that Neanderthals and Cro-magnons did not coexist on the Iberian Peninsula, contradicting previous theories.
The European Commission Joint Research Centre has identified Europe's top ICT hubs, which excel in access to top universities, research centers, and funding opportunities. These regions have a high concentration of businesses, innovative output, and strong networks, making them ideal for digital success.
A recent study found that mortality from viral hepatitis is significantly higher than from HIV/AIDS across EU countries. In 2010, there were nearly 90,000 deaths due to hepatitis C and nearly 31,000 deaths due to hepatitis B, compared to just over 8,000 deaths from HIV/AIDS.
A novel outcome prediction model has been developed using sequentially-assessed measures to generate an individualised mortality risk prediction without liver transplantation. The model uses age, encephalopathy, and cardiovascular failure severity on admission, as well as dynamic variables, to predict non-transplanted 15-day survival.
The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) has published online recommendations for managing hepatitis C, which reflect the approval of three new direct-acting antivirals. The guidelines provide best practice on key areas, including treatment indications, available drugs, and measures to improve treatment adherence. Wit...
A majority of Europeans view biomedical research as a source of hope and trust the public to challenge opinion. However, most lack scientific literacy and rely on experts for understanding, highlighting the need for education and communication about research findings.
The European Biodiversity Observation Network (EU BON) aims to provide integrated biodiversity information to support decision-making in various sectors. EU BON integrates disparate databases and online sources to improve monitoring and evaluation of biodiversity.
Researchers have successfully elucidated the complete upstream segment of the terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis pathway in tobacco plants, paving the way for cost-effective production of diverse therapeutic compounds. The technology developed can be utilized to produce other valuable plant-derived compounds.
Research suggests that humans became less mobile and physically active after the transition to agriculture in Central Europe around 5300 BC. Male bones show a decline in strength and rigidity, indicating reduced mobility and heavy physical work, while female bones exhibit more inconsistent trends.
A recent study published at EuroHeartCare 2014 found that poor sleep doubles the risk of unplanned hospitalizations in patients with heart failure. The researchers analyzed data from nearly 500 patients and discovered that those with chronic sleep problems were two times more likely to be hospitalized than those without sleep issues.
Research presented at EuroHeartCare 2014 found that visualizing a safe place reduced operative pain in patients undergoing ablation of atrial fibrillation. Patients who used visualization during the procedure were in pain less often and asked for fewer painkillers, with perceived pain intensity possibly also reduced.
The ENTEGA team won the award for its ECO tool, which optimizes sales and profit targets by integrating data from price comparison sites. The tool resulted in a 30% decrease in selling costs compared to their current approach.
A study of nearly 63,000 Norwegians found that moderate to severe depression increases the risk of heart failure by 40%. Depression triggers stress hormones and inflammation, which may accelerate heart diseases. Early detection and treatment can help improve outcomes.
A new study of Brazil's indigenous societies finds most experience catastrophic decline after first contact, but some populations recover and even grow. Population viability analysis suggests contacted and uncontacted societies could recover from as few as 100 individuals.
A recent study by MIT economists finds strong convergence of prices within the Eurozone, with prices differing by 30-50% lower than in neighboring countries. The research suggests that the common currency drives identical pricing, contradicting previous findings.
A new study published in Environmental Research Letters has found that a warm North Atlantic Ocean can promote extreme winters in the US and Europe. The research suggests that natural variations in sea surface temperatures, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, can affect atmospheric circulation patterns like the North Atlanti...
A University of Huddersfield historian's research reveals that Britain's hospital services were highly developed in the 1920s and 1930s, particularly in Leeds and Sheffield. The study highlights the importance of local priorities and disparate standards in shaping healthcare, which has implications for current debates on the NHS.
A new 6-month follow-up study confirms that early treatment with metoprolol significantly reduces dead heart muscle, hospital readmissions, and cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. The treatment also shows promise for reducing chronic heart failure cases.
A study comparing US and European cholesterol guidelines found substantial differences in statin use recommendations for men and women. The application of these guidelines to a European population resulted in varying proportions of individuals eligible for statins.
Researchers estimate that up to 100% of lung cancer patients experience sexual dysfunction, which can persist after treatment. Experts call for open discussions and specialized help from healthcare professionals to address these issues.
Rates of blindness have halved in high-income countries over the past 20 years, falling from 3.314 million to 2.736 million people. Macular degeneration has become the leading cause of blindness in rich countries, replacing cataracts.
A multidisciplinary team is crucial for managing women with vertebral osteoporotic fractures, which are associated with significant morbidity and excess mortality. Early detection and treatment of suspected fractures, as well as long-term management of underlying osteoporosis, are essential to reduce the risk of further fracture.
Low back pain is the leading cause of global disability, affecting nearly one in 10 people worldwide. The condition's prevalence and impact are expected to increase with aging populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
The European Respiratory Society has developed new consensus statements to guide the management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Europe. These statements aim to bridge the gap in knowledge due to limited clinical evidence, particularly for extensively drug-resistant TB.
Breast cancer mortality rates in Europe have decreased from 1989 to 2010 due to improved treatments and enhanced access to care. However, notable variations between countries remain, with France showing a modest decrease despite devoting substantial resources to cancer care.
A new study provides reliable data on antibiotic use in non-EU southern and eastern European countries, highlighting the need for national action plans to enhance judicious use. High rates of self-medication with antibiotics and parenteral administration are reported, emphasizing the urgent need for restriction and education.
Researchers found fractal nature in football dynamics, with ball and player positions exhibiting self-similarity. The study suggests the superiority of one team persists for only 30 seconds before changing hands.
The PredictND project will test novel approaches for earlier diagnosis of memory disorders and detect individuals at high risk. The project aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of clinical practice.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that plant food supplements are widely used in Europe, with Italy and Spain showing the highest diversity of products. In the UK, evening primrose oil was the most commonly used botanical ingredient.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London used mathematical models to analyze the resilience of European natural gas networks. They found that countries in Eastern Europe are less resilient to crises than their counterparts in Western Europe, with Ukraine and Belarus facing significant challenges.
Researchers used computational software to analyze published data on Damascus blades, proposing a new explanation for pattern formation. The study suggests that the high carbon content and microsegregation of solutes during solidification lead to the characteristic band-like formation of coarse cementite particles.
A recent study by IIASA researchers found that education significantly improves cognitive function in seniors and slows down cognitive decline. The study examined variation in years of schooling in six European countries during the 1950s and 1960s and showed that compulsory educational reforms had a positive impact on mental functioning.
A healthy diet rich in vegetables, salads, and fruits, as well as fermented dairy products containing probiotics, can help maintain digestive health. Probiotics also have beneficial effects at all stages of life, including the very early ones, supporting disease prevention and treatment in children and immunocompromised individuals.
IBS patients exhibit imbalanced gut microbiota composition and altered digestive functions. A low-fiber diet rich in FODMAPs can exacerbate symptoms, while a balanced Western diet with low FODMAP content may improve IBS symptoms.
A study published in Nature Geoscience found that changes in the Sun's energy output may have led to marked natural climate change in Europe over the past 1000 years. The research suggests that regional climate variability associated with solar activity should be taken into account when making future climate projections.
A four-year study in Ireland found that five percent of badgers traveled over 7.5km from their setts, with the longest recorded distance being 22.1km. This information is crucial for designing policies to tackle tuberculosis within cattle populations and understanding how infection is maintained and spread within badger populations.
A new study by Italian researchers suggests that a person's activity at the time of a quake influences their perception of shaking more than their location. People in motion had the worst perception, while those who were asleep on higher floors reported stronger shaking.
A new study predicts that most of Europe will experience higher warming than the global average if surface temperatures rise to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. This could lead to increased evaporation and drought in regions like Spain, Portugal, and France, as well as more frequent extreme precipitation events and flood risks.
A recent study reveals that the genetic disease ARVC is more widespread than initially assumed, with all known affected families sharing a common genetic origin. The mutation was first identified in Canada and has since been found in European countries including Germany, Denmark, and the USA, indicating a shared European heritage.
The ALMA observations revealed a compact clump of carbon monoxide gas in the debris disc around Beta Pictoris, which is surprising given its short lifetime. The team suggests that cometary collisions are replenishing the carbon monoxide, with one large comet collision every five minutes needed to achieve this amount.
A new study by IIASA researchers suggests that increasing labor force participation by as little as 1 or 2 percentage points could allow pension ages to be reduced by one year without increasing the burden on the working population. This approach is considered more palatable politically than raising retirement age, which has proven unp...
A new dinosaur species found in Portugal is estimated to be the largest land predator in Europe, with blade-shaped teeth up to 10 cm long. The dinosaur, Torvosaurus gurneyi, could reach 10 meters long and weigh around 4-5 tons, making it one of the largest terrestrial carnivores from the Jurassic period.
The New Guinea flatworm, considered one of the 100 worst invasive alien species, has been found in France for the first time. The flatworm was identified by molecular analysis and is capable of consuming European snails and other soil-dwelling species.
The A-PARADDISE consortium aims to develop new drugs against four parasites, including schistosomiasis and malaria, which cause over one million deaths annually. Researchers will use histone-modifying enzymes as a target for new treatments, with the goal of paving the way for clinical trials.
Research shows that temperate ecosystems consisted of a mosaic of closed and semi-closed forests and parkland created by large grazers. The study also found that woodland beetles were less dominant in the previous interglacial period than in the early Holocene, indicating a shift towards more forested landscapes after human arrival.
Current flood losses in Europe are likely to double by 2050, with socioeconomic growth accounting for two-thirds of the increased risk. Climate change is also expected to contribute to this increase, as changing rainfall patterns affect river flow and flood frequency.
Researchers find fractal distribution of physical characteristics at edge of chaos, deviating from previously reported bell-curve shape. This discovery could improve understanding of chaotic natural phenomena.
The Life-Seed Capital project uses rapeseed crops to improve agricultural productivity and cut greenhouse gas emissions. Rapeseed cake, a by-product of oil extraction, is used as animal feed, reducing emissions by up to 13% and improving organic matter use efficiency.
A study of over 500,000 surgical patients across 300 European hospitals found that hospitals with better-educated nurses had significantly lower mortality rates. The findings suggest that investing in nurse education and avoiding cuts to staffing can improve patient outcomes and reduce deaths.
The European Commission has invested nearly $475 million in 100 gene transfer projects to support basic and clinical research in the field of gene and cell therapy. This funding is aimed at developing new treatments for chronic and rare diseases, as well as novel regenerative medicine approaches.
Despite lower levels of drinking, African-Americans encounter more problems due to social sanctions within the community, resulting in negative consequences at lower consumption levels. Very low-income African American men face the highest risk for problematic drinking and related issues.
A new study reveals that Greece's health system is deteriorating due to severe austerity measures, leading to a rise in infectious diseases and mental health issues. The country has experienced significant cuts to its healthcare budget, resulting in reduced access to medical care for many patients.
Two UK start-ups, AdFerTech and Straw Fuels, have won €20K Climate-KIC prizes for their innovative solutions to mitigate climate change. AdFerTech's technology converts waste liquor into organic fertiliser, while Straw Fuels produces eco-friendly fire logs made from straw.
The PLATO mission aims to discover and characterize Earth-like planets in the Sun's neighborhood. With an array of telescopes, it will measure planetary sizes, masses, and ages to determine their habitability. By observing one million stars, PLATO is expected to find thousands of new exoplanets.
A recent survey found that 25% of high-risk patients were not taking anticoagulants one year after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, despite a success rate of 74%. This highlights the need for improved follow-up and cooperation between centers to ensure appropriate treatment.