Articles tagged with Europe
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The EMBO/HHMI Startup Grants will provide resources and ongoing support for six promising scientists in Central Europe. The initiative aims to strengthen the scientific pipeline in the region, building on previous programs that supported established science.
The EMBO/HHMI Startup Grants program aims to establish promising young scientists in Central Europe with resources and space. The joint initiative provides ongoing support for researchers after the grant period ends, helping to strengthen science in the region.
Research finds that bystanders are more responsive in dangerous emergencies, even with a second observer present. The classical bystander effect was replicated only in low-danger situations, but not in high-danger scenarios.
The PULSE collaboration has achieved outstanding scientific results by studying pulsars to test fundamental laws and understand extreme conditions. They discovered the first known double pulsar, confirming Einstein's general theory of relativity.
The Lancet highlights the need for validated research involving homeless people to expand and improve healthcare services. Addressing this data gap is crucial to sharing health advances with society as a whole.
Research published in The Lancet suggests that light to moderate alcohol consumption may have little to no health benefits, outweighing the potential harms. Professor Rod Jackson's findings emphasize that there is no 'safe' window for drinking, and individuals should avoid consuming alcohol altogether.
A large-scale study has found that trained volunteers and laypeople can safely use defibrillators to save the lives of cardiac arrest victims. The study showed a significant increase in survival rates for patients in urban areas, with potential to save up to 15 out of 100 lives within an 8-minute response time.
The ESC has issued a policy statement on reperfusion therapy for STEMI treatment, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and timely initiation of therapy. The statement recommends prioritizing primary PCI and thrombolytic treatment within three hours of symptom onset.
The new ice core analysis provides insights into Antarctic climate and greenhouse gas concentrations during the most recent warm period, known as Marine Isotope Stage 11. This analog warm period occurred between 420,000 and 400,000 years ago and shares similarities with our current warm period due to similar Earth-Sun configurations.
A new European study predicts increased flooding in areas like the UK and River Rhine by up to 50% and 25% respectively by the end of the century. The STARDEX project uses advanced statistical techniques to analyze climate trends, enabling more precise predictions of extreme weather events.
A major study by the European Society of Cardiology links chronic noise exposure to an increased risk of heart attacks, particularly in men and women under 70. The study found that general environmental noise increased risk by nearly 50% for men and three-fold for women, while workplace noise levels affected men's risk but not women's.
A recent study analyzing ancient DNA from skeletons of early European farmers found that they did not contribute heavily to the genetic makeup of modern Europeans. Six out of 24 skeletons showed rare genetic signatures, suggesting that early farmers left only a minor genetic legacy in central Europe.
Researchers find strong water vapor feedback contributing to warming in Central and Northeastern Europe. The study shows that manmade greenhouse gases are responsible for a smaller portion of the warming, while rising cloudiness and evapotranspiration play a larger role.
The new Clinical Trials Directive has led to differences in the scope of revised legislations across EU member states, with only a few adding provisions for non-commercial trials. The directive also simplifies the conduct of academic clinical trials but poses challenges for future pan-European multi-centre studies.
Colorectal cancer affects millions across Europe, with a rapidly aging population highlighting the need for improved screening and prevention strategies. Researchers highlight irinotecan combined with 5-fluorouracil as an effective treatment regimen.
Two studies have clarified the risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus, revealing a higher rate of infection in infant girls. The studies found that time in labor, internal fetal monitoring devices, and maternal history of injection drug use were associated with transmission.
Key decision-making tools were highlighted to improve patient outcomes, while patients and healthcare professionals stressed the importance of timely access to quality screening, diagnostic tests, and treatment. Experts emphasize the need for a unified voice to address systemic inequalities in cancer care across Europe.
Ira Mellman, a leading expert in cell biology, has been elected an Associate Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) for his groundbreaking research on immune responses and cell polarity. This recognition is a testament to his dedication to advancing scientific knowledge and collaboration.
The EMBO Young Investigator Programme identifies and supports outstanding young life scientists in Europe, providing a range of benefits to enhance their research and reputation. The programme has a highly competitive selection process with a 13% success rate, supporting 70 talented researchers.
European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBO) has elected 40 outstanding researchers to its membership. The selected scientists are recognized for their groundbreaking work in the life sciences disciplines. They will provide valuable scientific input to the organization, maintaining EMBO's high standards of excellence.
A European study found that PCBs and DDT may damage sperm DNA, leading to higher levels of DNA fragmentation in men exposed to high levels of these pollutants. However, the researchers found no dramatic effects on human fertility and emphasized the need for further research.
EPFL researchers used Photonic Force Microscopy to track Brownian fluctuations of a single particle at microsecond time scales and nanometer length scales, validating the corrected form of the standard theory. This validation underlines the importance of dynamical effects in Brownian motion at very small time scales.
Scientists on the IODP Tahiti expedition are analyzing fossil corals to study past global sea level changes and their impact on climate. The research aims to understand the effects of human activity on Earth's environment by examining coral records from a tectonically stable region.
A comprehensive study of mental disease in Europe found that 27% of the EU population experiences at least one mental disorder. The report highlights critical gaps in knowledge and under-treatment of mental disorders, emphasizing the need for coordinated research and better funding.
Dario Alessi, a young European researcher, receives the EMBO Gold Medal for his outstanding contributions to cell signalling and signal transduction. His work has had a significant impact on understanding inherited diseases and is recognized as one of the world's top cited scientists in biology and biochemistry.
An international study found that 21% of coronary patients continued to smoke, with younger patients and those with angina less likely to quit. The survey highlights the need for more effective smoking cessation programs, particularly among younger patients and those with lower education levels.
The European Society of Cardiology emphasizes the importance of healthy weight and exercise in preventing heart disease. Studies show that moderate physical activity can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, while a balanced diet and weight management can also help mitigate the impact of existing heart conditions.
A national study found that black immigrants' health deteriorates the longer they live in the US, primarily due to racial discrimination. The study, which analyzed data from over 3,000 black immigrants, shows that those born in Europe have the poorest health, while those from Africa and South America fare better.
The European food sector is facing increasing energy requirements due to growth in feed production, consumption per capita, and transport distances. Despite some sectors like the dairy industry showing improvements in energy efficiency, the net balance remains negative.
The partnership aims to stimulate and accelerate European research into beta cell function and survival, aiming to move towards a cure for diabetes. Approximately 194 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, with the number expected to exceed 333 million by 2025.
A study examining the health of over 2,900 black immigrants reveals that those born in Europe experience poorer health outcomes than U.S.-born blacks, while those from Africa and South America fare better. The research highlights the negative impact of racial discrimination on health.
A new study demonstrates that improved patient selection methods lead to significantly better therapy outcomes for patients with suspected neurally-mediated syncope. The study used implantable loop recorders and found a lower recurrence rate in patients who received pacemaker therapy.
The University of Liverpool is leading a major €17 million European tissue engineering project, funded by the European Commission. The project aims to develop cost-effective methods for generating precise tissue types specific to individual patients.
The article highlights the significant disparity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) knowledge and treatment among European women. Women are more likely to develop CVD ten years after men, but it is also more lethal when it occurs suddenly, such as one year after a heart attack.
Acute heart failure is a significant concern, affecting approximately 30% of acute coronary syndrome patients, with female patients showing higher prevalence rates. Hospitalizations for heart failure are comparable to myocardial infarctions, with high mortality rates during hospitalization and follow-up.
The EuroAction project demonstrates a significant reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors through a family-based, behavioural approach. Patients and partners achieved improvements in lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors, and medication use, including increased physical activity and healthier diets.
A new European consensus definition of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) reveals a high prevalence, with 38% of men and 36% of women affected. The MetS is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality rates, particularly in diabetic women, highlighting gender-specific risk factors.
The PREAMI study found that perindopril significantly reduces the risk of death, hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiac remodelling in elderly patients after acute myocardial infarction. Perindopril reduced these outcomes by 59% and cardiac remodelling by 64%, with consistent benefits across predefined subgroups.
The European Society of Cardiology reports a growing problem of child obesity in Europe, with overweight and overt obesity affecting nearly all countries. Scientific evidence shows that this early onset is linked to increased risk factors such as high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome.
The SIRIUS II clinical trial demonstrated dose-dependent favorable hemodynamic effects and improvements in cardiac output and dyspnea score in patients with acute decompensated congestive heart failure (ADHF). Ularitide was well-tolerated, preserving kidney function during treatment.
Researchers have discovered the closest living descendant of the extinct giant deer, a species that once roamed the UK. The fallow deer was found to share key characteristics with the ancient animal, including flattened antlers and similar skull and teeth features.
A recent international survey found that nearly 90% of Europeans are aware of heart failure, but only 3% can identify its symptoms. The study also revealed major misconceptions about the condition, including the notion that it is a normal consequence of aging or that modern drugs cannot prevent its development.
Children in southern Italy face a constellation of risks including high school dropout rates and low youth employment. The region also struggles with low vaccination uptake rates, leaving kids vulnerable to preventable diseases.
A study by Newcastle University and Aberdeen University found that EU farming subsidies favor rich, core regions in Germany, UK, France, and Netherlands over poorer, peripheral regions. The researchers recommend redistributing funds from Pillar One to Pillar Two to boost rural economies in poorer nations.
Key findings highlight the importance of including women in clinical trials due to differences in response to drug therapy, such as higher levels of adverse reactions and varying mortality rates. This lack of data affects treatment strategies, with many drugs prescribed to women adapted from studies conducted mainly in men.
A new report by the European Society for Medical Oncology reveals that female lung cancer death rates in Europe are still rising, despite a 16% increase between 1990-2001. However, trends in some countries and among younger women show a decline, suggesting future hope for reducing this epidemic.
Scientists are using genomics to create a new type of hemoglobin that can be used in blood transfusions. This innovation has the potential to reduce contamination risks and make blood transfusions safer for people in emerging countries.
This study sheds new light on the ideological positioning of Catholics in relation to the constitution, education, and the Dutch nation. It reveals how attention shifted from church-state relations to faith-politics debates.
The European Commission's Heart Health Conference aims to promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention measures across Europe. The conference concluded with key actions for member states and the EC to implement to improve cardiovascular health in Europe, emphasizing the need for a long-term approach through public health strategies.
New research by Dr Jan Bogg at the University of Liverpool reveals a strong perception that NHS managers do not view part-time workers for career advancement in the same way as full-time staff. This is one reason why women are underrepresented in senior positions, with men occupying more authoritative and influential roles.
A report from the ESHRE committee reveals a significant rise in ICSI cycles, overtaking IVF techniques as the most commonly used assisted reproductive technology. The increase in ICSI cycles may be linked to shifting causes of infertility, with male subfertility potentially on the rise.
A newly discovered invasive parasite is destroying the small sunbleak minnow's ability to spawn, potentially threatening freshwater ecosystem diversity and stability. The parasite, found in Asian gudgeon fish, causes near 100% failure in successful spawning, wiping out local populations over several generations.
Research by Professor de Swiet reveals that women over 35 face a higher risk of maternal mortality, pulmonary embolism, and chronic health problems. He advises women seeking motherhood between 25-35 years old for the best outcomes.
Reproductive tourism in Europe allows for diverse ethical and religious views to coexist peacefully. The existing diversity in fertility laws enables people to seek treatment abroad, promoting personal freedom and democratic decision-making.
Researchers found that neutral grasslands recover faster than chalk grasslands, which take at least 50 years to re-establish. Soil compaction and vehicle damage contribute to the long-lasting damage, highlighting the need for effective control measures to manage these areas.
Researchers found that volcanic aerosol particles and sulfuric acid reduce methane production in wetlands, leading to a cooling effect. This mechanism may have played a role in past climate changes, with potential impacts on modern Earth's atmosphere.
A new technique called laparoscopic inversion esophagectomy (LIE) has been developed to improve the removal of diseased tissue from the esophagus. LIE eliminates technical obstacles that plagued the original procedure, allowing for faster recovery and fewer complications.
Research by Dr Amy Ferketich and Dr Philip Binkley found that men and women with heart disease in the US experience high levels of psychological distress, with only a third seeking mental health support. The study analyzed data from over 17,000 individuals with different forms of heart disease, highlighting the need for clinicians to c...
The study found that global new TB cases increased by 1% in 2003, but detection rates improved to 45% by 2003, reaching 60% by 2005. Treatment success rates were over 80% since 1998, with variation among regions.
The Antares programme uses permanent deep-sea seismic sensors to monitor local and global earthquakes, improving risk assessment systems and studying submarine activity. The project overcomes challenges of instrument resistance and coherence between equipment and electronic systems.