Articles tagged with Europe
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The ESF task force identifies three research avenues to generate clean fuels from solar radiation: extending photovoltaic technology, constructing biomimetic devices, and tuning natural systems. These efforts aim to develop sustainable energy supply, reduce human ecological footprint, and mitigate climate change.
A recent study found that differences in HD types across regions play a major role in determining regional survival rates. Analysis revealed no significant difference in mortality risk between EUROCARE-west and the US SEER databases when adjusting for morphology, but morphology accounted for differences in EUROCARE-UK and EUROCARE-east...
The UK is investing in the ExoMars mission to explore the Martian surface and search for signs of past and present life. The mission will also study the planet's geochemistry, water distribution, and geophysics, aiming to identify potential hazards for future human missions.
A new study reveals that the Third Franciscan Order had a favourable attitude towards its members' lifestyle and was driven by voluntary participation. The order's development into a more ordered way of life was not solely due to Church pressure, but also an early expression of desire for monastic reform.
A study found that intercontinental migration from Africa can improve the welfare position of households with migrants by increasing their capital and allowing them to invest in productive activities. This not only benefits the migrant-sending countries but also provides a source of cheap labor for European countries, helping to allevi...
Strong evidence shows that higher taxes and restrictions on alcohol availability can reduce Europe's growing burden of alcohol-related harm. However, EU governments are prioritizing vested interests in free trade over public health.
A study by Saint Louis University found obesity rates were lower in Western European countries compared to Central and Eastern Europe, linked to political changes and environmental factors.
Australian researchers found that caffeine consumption increases agreement with persuasive arguments by boosting systematic processing of the message, leading to better argument recall. This effect could have applied implications in various daily interactions, such as listening to advertisements or attending business meetings.
A recent study by János Kornai examines the changes in Central Eastern Europe, confirming a unique transformation that took place peacefully and rapidly. However, everyday life has seen deep economic troubles and cognitive problems, leading to pain, bitterness, and disappointment for many.
The European Society of Cardiology has released updated guidelines for managing stable angina pectoris, providing recommendations on treatment methods and risk stratification. The guidelines aim to improve the quality of life for European populations affected by cardiovascular disease.
Young Bamileke immigrants from Cameroon are using unorthodox methods to become rich, going against the general ethics of their community. The government's reluctance to address 'feymania' is undermining efforts to control corruption and criminality, strengthening the country's negative image abroad.
The Tobacco Control Scale evaluates 30 European countries' efforts to curb smoking and improve population health. Ireland leads with a score of 74 points, followed by the UK, Norway, and Iceland.
A new study has compared national, European, and US recommendations for statin treatment in British men to prevent cardiovascular disease. The research found that the UK's National Health Service Framework makes the least effective use of available evidence on prevention.
The article examines how George W. Bush's response to 9/11 mirrored the diplomatic approach of President Woodrow Wilson during his era. The author, Lloyd E. Ambrosius, draws parallels between the two leaders' strategies, highlighting similarities in their use of international organizations and multilateral cooperation.
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has released a guidance document on Cardiac Rhythm Management product performance. The ESC proposes a novel approach for assessing individual hazard analysis to prioritize patients in need of field safety corrective actions.
A Europe-wide study aims to identify the key factors contributing to asthma development, with a long-term goal of prevention. The GABRIEL project will analyze genetic and environmental interactions, including the role of urbanization and industrial agents, to better understand this complex disease.
The new movies released by NASA's Cassini mission provide a realistic experience of the Titan landing. The images taken by Huygens' Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer (DISR) during its plunge into Titan's atmosphere have been converted into movie format, showcasing the probe's descent and the changes it observed in the environment.
FELICS, a unique electronic infrastructure project funded by the European Union, offers unrestricted access to prominent biological databases. This initiative provides critical support for BRENDA and CheBI, facilitating navigation of the biological knowledge space for scientists.
A survey by the European Society of Cardiology found that care for adults with congenital heart disease in Europe is suboptimal, with many specialist centres failing to meet basic standards. The report identifies key areas for improvement, including the need for more trained healthcare professionals and specialized equipment.
A study evaluated European countries' preparedness plans against WHO's checklist, finding that surveillance planning was good but maintenance of essential services, putting plans into practice, and public-health interventions were less well prepared. The implementation of these interventions was unclear in many plans.
A recent study by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found considerable gaps in pandemic preparedness across Europe. The report analyzed national plans and concluded that increased cooperation is needed to ensure effective response to a pandemic.
A European cyber infrastructure network is being developed to keep Europe at the forefront of computational science. The ESF Forward Look study aims to provide a conclusive guide for policy makers on what researchers need to maintain Europe's leading position.
A new three-year project is investigating the earliest development of sea fisheries in Northern Europe, with a focus on the critical period between 950AD and 1050AD. Researchers are analyzing fish bones from archaeological sites across the region to understand the impact of intensive sea fishing on medieval trading patterns.
Despite growing evidence, many European countries only vaccinate high-risk groups against infant pneumococcal disease (IPD), while the US adopted universal vaccination in 2000. Universal vaccination of infants and young children reduces risk and provides indirect herd protection for unvaccinated community members.
Regional climate model simulations indicate a significant increase in extreme precipitation events in Alpine regions and northern European locations above 45 degrees latitude. In Scandinavia, unusually strong events once expected to occur every century will now occur at 20-40 year intervals.
A new EU project aims to explore the impact of prenatal exposure to food and chemicals on adult diseases. The NewGeneris study will analyze DNA and proteins in women and their newborn children from across Europe to identify potential biomarkers for increased risk of cancer or immune disorders.
The European School of Oncology task force recommends a multidisciplinary approach to managing metastatic breast cancer, prioritizing patient psychological wellbeing and disease-specific treatment goals. Patients with MBC should be offered psychosocial support and involved in decision-making.
The Nice Manifesto outlines seven key goals to improve breast cancer care in Europe, including increasing screening programs, supporting research, and expanding breast unit accreditation. The manifesto represents a promise to improve breast cancer care for all patients across Europe.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that mental disorders are common in Lebanon, with a prevalence equivalent to that in Western Europe. Only one out of every 10 individuals with mental disorders received treatment, highlighting the need for improved mental health care in Lebanon.
A breakthrough project in the Netherlands dramatically improved patient care for breast cancer patients by implementing structured best practices. The initiative reduced waiting times to under a week and increased pre-operative multidisciplinary consultations, leading to more clear-cut diagnoses and fewer unnecessary operations.
Researchers have developed a method to detect super-salty, submerged eddies called Meddies using sensor data from U.S. and European satellites. These warm, deep-water whirlpools play a significant role in carrying salty water from the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic, affecting global ocean circulation and climate change.
The European Society of Cardiology recommends that patients taking Clopidogrel should continue their treatment as advised by their physicians. Stopping the anti-clotting drug without consulting a doctor may pose serious risks, according to the ESC.
The European Science Foundation's Forward Look aims to develop a research strategy for higher education, examining its relationship with social and economic change. The study will also explore the need for equal opportunities and social justice in higher education.
Researchers studied the retreat of a massive Scandinavian Ice Sheet to gain insights into its dynamics and potential implications for Greenland and Antarctica. The study found that ice sheets in different parts of the world can react differently to global warming, with some growing larger while others rapidly disappear.
This study aims to create a self-evolving scientific agenda to tackle future challenges in European food systems. The changes driven by technological advancements, environmental regulations, and consumer pressure will profoundly alter the landscape.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed ultra-efficient embedded architectures using probabilistic technology, achieving significant gains in energy efficiency. The new approach outperforms traditional CMOS-based architectures, with some applications showing reductions of over 560.
The female European badger's ability to conceive during pregnancy is enabled by a reproductive strategy called embryonic diapause and superfetation. This unique trait allows females to mate with multiple males, benefiting them regardless of social system, according to Oxford biologists.
Women's heart health is underestimated due to differing risk factors compared to men. The European Society of Cardiology recommends considering age as a significant factor in diagnosis and treatment planning for women.
Despite more than 79% approval rate, Europe only approves a limited number of orphan drugs due to concerns about quality, efficacy and safety. Only 18 orphan drugs were approved between 2000-2004, often under exceptional circumstances.
The Planetary Society and ESA celebrate the imagined rugged beauty of Venus with the winning entries in the 'Postcards from Venus' art contest. The Grand Prize winner, Tatianna Cwick, age 17, has won a trip to the European Space Operations Centre. Other winners include Yoo-Hong Sun, age 9, and Alejandra Gonzalez Quintana, Spain.
The L'ORÉAL-UNESCO awards recognize pioneering work in immunology, molecular pathology, and genetic disorders. The laureates will receive a $100K prize and international recognition for their contributions to human health.
The United States and Venezuela lead the world in national pride, with Americans scoring 17.7 out of 25 and Venezuelans scoring 18.4. Both countries formed their identities through conflicts that bound their people together, creating a shared sense of patriotism.
Research found surgically menopausal women experience significantly increased risk of low sexual desire, decreased pleasure, and orgasmic difficulties. Women with low sexual desire were less likely to engage in sex and dissatisfied with their partner relationship.
The European Union has faced a staggering €169 billion economic burden due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), accounting for 12% of all healthcare expenditures. CVD resulted in 2 million deaths and 4.4 million people being severely hampered by daily activities, highlighting the need for policy makers to prioritize research spending.
Researchers have discovered new biodiversity hotspots in underground environments, home to unique and diverse species of terrestrial cave fauna. These discoveries shed light on the vast and largely unexplored world of subterranean ecosystems.
Two Dutch researchers, Gerard Roelfes and Jan van Esch, receive funding from ERA-Chemistry for their projects on DNA polymer-based nanostructures and self-organizing nanopatterns. These innovative materials have potential applications in asymmetric catalysis, programmable reactions, and biosensors.
A Dutch study published in European Heart Journal reveals that 43% of total heart attacks had been clinically unrecognised. Women are more likely to have atypical symptoms and may be less likely for their symptoms to be recognized by doctors.
PULMOTENSION aims to uncover underlying molecular pathways of PH, identify distinct targets for anti-remodelling therapy and test new treatment options in preclinical and clinical trials. The combined expertise in PULMOTENSION extends from gene mutation discovery to therapeutic regimen establishment.
A new guide for junior doctors suggests that napping as short as 20-45 minutes can provide positive benefits for shift workers. This guidance aims to improve the survival and recovery of medical professionals working night shifts, ensuring better patient care.
Researchers propose using over 8,000 barges to pump saltwater onto ice sheets in the North Atlantic, creating a thicker sea ice layer that could help strengthen the down-welling current. This method aims to reduce the impact of global warming on northern Europe's climate.
The European Space Agency's workshop on telemedicine for Africa aimed to demonstrate the relevance of space technology in improving and complementing African health service structures. The event highlighted the need for a comprehensive picture of opportunities for telemedicine via satellite services, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.
The NYAS China Conference showcased groundbreaking research on chemical biology, infectious diseases, genomic medicine, and neuroscience. Experts discussed innovative approaches to drug development, disease treatment, and brain growth, highlighting the importance of global collaboration.
African remains found in Campeche, Mexico, provide earliest physical link between the African Diaspora and the New World. The discovery, dating back to the late-16th century, sheds light on the early transatlantic slave trade.
Minister Gehrer addresses key challenges in European R&D, including the timing of the new Framework Programme and the need for a strategy to stimulate innovation. She also emphasizes the importance of reducing red tape and promoting entrepreneurship and risk-taking through life-long learning.
Researchers have re-dated two Neandertals from Vindija Cave, Croatia to between 32,000 and 33,000 years ago. This new age range sheds light on the chronological overlap between Neandertals and modern humans in Europe.
Liver cirrhosis mortality rates have increased significantly in Scotland, England and Wales, doubling the European average. The authors attribute this to rising alcohol consumption, particularly wine and spirits, as well as other factors like obesity and hepatitis C.
A new study shows that the net benefits of eating wild Pacific salmon outweigh those of eating farmed Atlantic salmon when considering chemical contaminants. Regional differences in contaminant levels make some farmed salmon safer choices than others.
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) has awarded $14 million to 28 international researchers in the Baltics and Eastern Europe over a five-year term. The grants will support research in various fields, including neuroscience and infectious diseases, and provide resources for equipment, supplies, and training opportunities.
A team of bio-archaeologists confirms the existence of human activity in northern Europe dating back approximately 700,000 years. The findings were made using a newly-refined technique of amino acid analysis and published in Nature.
A new study reveals that Europeans are increasingly concerned about the environmental impact of seafood, with 79% citing importance in purchasing decisions. Consumers prefer eco-labels and want reassurance on sustainability, driving demand for environmentally responsible seafood.