Articles tagged with Research Priorities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The NIH Pioneer Award program aims to support groundbreaking biomedical research through individual scientist awards, promoting diversity in the field. Eligible scientists can submit self-nominations until April 1, 2005, with funding up to $500,000 for five years.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is revamping its HIV/AIDS clinical trials networks with a new leadership structure. The network will focus on six priority research areas, including vaccine development and prevention strategies, to address the global burden of HIV/AIDS.
The NSF has awarded over $130 million to 120 new projects tackling various topics including interactive ocean observatories, stress corrosion cracking, and secure access to confidential social science data. The funding aims to advance science and engineering, economic prosperity, and national security.
The NSF-funded research centers will investigate decision-making strategies for addressing climate uncertainty, including water management and policy implications. The projects will integrate psychological insights with social sciences to develop tools for better understanding the impacts of climate change.
A recent conference presented findings that a healthy diet may play a key role in preventing childhood leukemia. Turmeric and its active compound curcumin have been shown to reduce the risk of leukemia by mitigating environmental toxins and promoting cellular health.
The Lancet task force outlines a research agenda to strengthen health systems and deliver effective interventions in an equitable manner. The proposal aims to enhance capacity for delivering life-saving interventions, particularly in the developing world.
A growing body of evidence suggests that exposure to artificial light at night (LAN) may contribute to the rising incidence of childhood leukaemia. Researchers will discuss the potential mechanisms behind this association, including the role of melatonin suppression and its link to cancer initiation.
A recent study found a statistically significant increase in mutation rates among offspring of irradiated fathers, suggesting a possible link between ionising radiation and childhood leukaemia. The study's findings have implications for the estimates of genetic risk for humans and may lead to new avenues for research.
A conference is being held to discuss the increasing incidence of childhood leukaemia and potential environmental factors contributing to its rise. Research has shown that unborn children are particularly sensitive to exposure to environmental agents due to placental transfer from mother to child.
The ocean absorbs a significant portion of carbon dioxide emitted by human activities, but research suggests that this process may be reaching its limits. By the middle of the century, increased CO2 levels in the ocean could lead to dramatic changes in pH and acidity, affecting marine life and ecosystems.
A new study published in Ecology Letters suggests that El Niño impacts ecological dynamics in the Northern Hemisphere. The research found concurrent effects of NAO and ENSO on the long-term dynamics of a natural population, including the globally threatened White-headed Duck in Spain.
The prevalence of blood pressure control among hypertensive individuals declines with advancing age, particularly in women. According to the study, only 32% of men and 24% of women aged 80 and older had their blood pressure under control.
Community-based oral health research studies in Hawaii prioritize tangible oral health problems, including intervention trials. Community involvement is essential in addressing disparities in oral health among population subgroups.
The demand for outpatient dental anesthesia and sedation services remains high despite a decline in training programs and an evidence-based foundation. Dr. Raymond Dionne calls for a scientific agenda to develop a safe and effective approach for dental outpatients.
The World Health Organization (WHO) is shifting its approach to prioritize reducing global health disparities and addressing emerging epidemics. The organization aims to strengthen health systems and deliver sustainable care to vulnerable populations by 2015. This shift in focus will depend on research priorities and funding to achieve...
A recent study by Michigan Medicine found that only 5% of patients and physicians agreed on their top three treatment goals, but nearly half shared one strategy. Patients who prioritized their healthcare goals with their doctors reported better diabetes management outcomes.
The NIAID initiative addresses primary immune deficiency diseases by focusing research priorities and uniting established researchers with new investigators. A cell line repository and Web-based patient registry will also be created to advance understanding of these lesser-known diseases.
The American College of Preventive Medicine recommends prioritizing research on improving vaccine delivery and funding for immunization programs. All children and adolescents without contraindications should receive immunizations against 11 diseases, according to ACPM's recommendations.
Researchers are conducting critical infrastructure modeling and assessment to improve public safety. They analyze the connections between infrastructures, such as traffic lights and power plants, to anticipate potential failures. The project creates data visualizations to help policymakers understand the big picture.
A new network aims to provide comprehensive support for children and families affected by disasters and terrorism. Dr. Russell T. Jones, a Virginia Tech professor, is part of the group, which seeks to foster integrated readiness, response, and recovery programs across the US.
A two-year planning process in high-poverty neighborhoods with diverse communities was successful, while others lacked interest and leadership. Effective communication methods, community involvement, and strong ties to local churches were key factors in the most successful neighborhoods.
The Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) has introduced a new professorial fellowship scheme to enable top scholars to pursue innovative research. The fellowships will run for three years, providing funding for PhD students, research assistants, and travel expenses.
Experts agree that inheritable genetic modification (IGM) can improve human health, social life, and access to medical technologies. However, they also emphasize the need for fair decision-making processes, informed participation of stakeholders, and consideration of moral and religious perspectives.
The Northwestern SCOR will focus on the role of genes, androgens and intrauterine environment in PCOS. The research aims to elucidate the pathogenesis of PCOS and provide a potential molecular diagnosis for the syndrome.
Key findings from a study suggest that patients prioritize personal service, therapist listening skills, and clear explanations over facility amenities. Researchers surveyed over 1,868 participants and found that adequate time spent on individual patient care is vital for patient satisfaction.
The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) has upgraded the priority of cow, dog, Oxytricha trifallax, and Trichoplax genomes to high or moderate based on medical and biological opportunities. The genome sequences are expected to speed up studies of these agriculturally important animals and have medical benefits for dogs.
Research finds significant cognitive impairments in crack-dependent and crack-and-alcohol-dependent individuals after 6 weeks and 6 months of abstinence. The largest effects were found in executive function and spatial processing assessments.
The University of Pittsburgh has been awarded a federal grant to conduct research on racial and ethnic differences in health status among adults. The four-year program aims to address health disparities by involving the minority community at every stage, from data collection to intervention development.
A recent study found that US military members have lower physical fitness rates compared to civilians, with 37% exercising less than three times a week. However, military members who exercise tend to do so more regularly than civilians, and required physical training is an effective method for increasing overall activity levels.
A female Northern Right Whale has been tracked every step of her journey between northern feeding grounds and southern breeding grounds using a satellite tracking tag sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. The successful tracking demonstrates a critical tool in the conservation efforts of this endangered species.
The Indiana Genomics Initiative, backed by a $105 million grant from Lilly Endowment, aims to advance educational opportunities, genomics, and bioinformatics research. The project will create a world-class biomedical enterprise at IU, capitalizing on existing resources and expertise in informatics.
The NIH has announced a new initiative and strategic plan for global AIDS research, with the goal of slowing the pandemic and reversing its destruction. The plan includes increased investment in global research, new funding approaches, and support for long-term research infrastructure.
Studies found that up to 70% of stream respiration and 10-50% of nitrate uptake occur in hyporheic zones, which retain more nitrogen. This process may be a crucial player in global nitrogen dynamics.
A group of scientists and policymakers are convening a conference to develop a federal science policy blueprint that addresses critical national issues. The conference aims to link basic science research with vital areas of public interest, such as education, energy, and global climate change.
Research in Archives of Disease in Childhood found that general practitioners prescribed nearly 3,500 off-label medications to over 1,200 children aged under 12. The most frequently used off-label drugs were systemic antibiotics and anti-asthmatic medications. GPs claim they are not at fault but lack adequate product license information.
Scientists at UNC-CH are studying the effects of hazardous waste on human health and environment. They are developing new strategies for cleaning up Superfund sites, including techniques to measure oxidative stress and understand genetic traits that make individuals more susceptible.
A recent study by University of Illinois professor Tim Wentling found that businesses are devoting only a small portion of their training budgets to e-learning efforts. Despite the benefits of online education, many companies are using relatively basic and limited methods for employee training.
The International Development Research Centre (IDRC) has awarded $20,000 doctoral research grants to five Canadian students. The winners will study various aspects of international development, including civil war's impact on Burundi's populations and the effects of State decentralization in Senegal.
Experts warn of a high risk of 700-800 deaths in US airport runway collisions over the next two decades. The study, which analyzed data from 1983 to 2022, found that most fatal accidents involved large jet planes and occurred during reduced visibility conditions.
Researchers argue that current HIV prevention resource allocations are not consistent with trends in the spread of HIV disease. They propose a shift in focus from AIDS case-based reporting to sentinel surveillance systems, citing data showing declining HIV prevalence and incidence among heterosexuals and stable rates among MSMs.
NASA's 2nd Generation Reusable Launch Vehicle Program aims to develop a privately owned, commercially competitive reusable launch vehicle. Proposals are due November 27, with cost proposals due December 4, and are expected to award multiple contracts totaling $900 million next spring.
The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has named 25 new Outreach Partners for its Constituency Outreach and Education Program, bringing the total number of Partners to 43. These partners will deliver science-based mental health information to the public and healthcare professionals through various outreach programs.
The NY & CT Sea Grant programs are awarding $3.5 million in federal and state funds to researchers studying the causes of mortality and shell disease syndrome in Long Island Sound lobsters. The project aims to provide evidence for potential causes of the 1999-2000 lobster mortalities.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has awarded a seven-year, $43.8 million contract to Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) for malaria vaccine production and support services. This contract supports the acceleration of new malaria vaccine development, including clinical trials.
A new study by Cornell University found that dual-earner couples tend to follow traditional gender roles, with husbands' careers given priority. This 'neotraditional' model helps couples manage work and family demands, but may have negative consequences for women's job security and advancement opportunities.
A study by Texas A&M University researcher Dr. Jeff Guidry reveals that non-treatment problems hinder successful cancer treatment and cure for patients in rural areas. The study shows that barriers to overcoming cancer include lack of transportation, proper information, access to treatment, and a support system.
US presidential nominees Governor George W. Bush and Vice President Al Gore express differing views on global warming, environmental policies, and education reforms in their responses to the Science questionnaire. They agree on supporting research funding and tax credits for biomedical research.
A new study suggests that regular exercise is as effective as antidepressants in reducing depression rates. Participants who exercised regularly showed lower relapse rates, even six months after treatment ended.
Leading AIDS researchers, including Robert Gallo and Seth Berkeley, urge a new era of scientific cooperation to accelerate HIV vaccine development. The epidemic affects 40 million people worldwide, and current funding and resources are insufficient.
The NIH has awarded a $6 million per year grant to create the Women's Health Interdisciplinary Scholarship Program for Research, aiming to increase quality research in women's health. The program will provide salary support, coursework, and mentoring to junior faculty-clinical researchers.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft has chosen five locations to develop bioinformatics capabilities, focusing on Bielefeld, Munich, Leipzig, Saarbrücken, and Tübingen. The initiative aims to boost Germany's attractiveness in life sciences and academic research.
Researchers have successfully increased normal life span in nematode worms through the use of synthetic catalytic scavengers, a new class of antioxidant drugs. The treatment extended mean life spans by approximately 50% and prevented early death in a mutant strain linked to oxidative stress.
A consortium of researchers found that isocitrate lyase (ICL) enables the tuberculosis bacterium to use fatty acids as energy. Disabling ICL crippled the bacterium in its persistent phase, suggesting a potential target for TB therapies. Current treatments are often ineffective due to the bug's ability to persist in the body.
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) is hosting a public meeting to discuss possible studies related to Agent Orange exposure in Vietnam. The meeting aims to gather expert advice on the feasibility of conducting research in Vietnam and will coincide with an annual conference of dioxin researchers.
The 'Eliminating Health Disparities Graduate Traineeship' prepares African American graduate students for careers in public health that focus on preventing chronic disease in minority communities. The program aims to eliminate differences in health status among populations.
A study found that only 9% of articles in top US medical journals focused on primary prevention or screening, while 60% addressed treatment and basic science. The researchers called for further studies to expand the analysis.
A proposed kidney transplant system assigns priorities based on efficiency and equity points, reducing median waiting time from 24 to 14 months. The new policy increases the overall likelihood of transplantation from 45% to 61% and improves quality-adjusted life expectancy for African-Americans and women.
The study found that low-income African-American women are unaware of the high risk of cardiovascular disease among black women and do not consider it a health priority. They understand the link between diet and heart disease but lack knowledge about obesity, diabetes, and smoking's impact on cardiovascular disease.
A new study found that underage college drinkers are more likely to drink in private settings and obtain alcohol inexpensively. Underage students also reported consuming more drinks per occasion and experiencing more alcohol-related problems compared to their older peers.
The National Cancer Institute has awarded a grant to UCSF researcher Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable to raise awareness about cancer issues in Latinos, promote more research on the subject and train more Latino investigators. The goal is to address unequal burden of cancer in Latino populations through research, training and public awareness.