Articles tagged with Research Priorities
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that patients with frailty, older age, and urinary tract infections have a higher risk of developing sepsis. Antibiotic therapy may reduce this risk, but unnecessary prescribing can contribute to antimicrobial resistance.
A global transition to agroecological production is crucial to reduce threats to biodiversity and support ecosystems. Agroecology can enhance biodiversity, promote connectivity between protected areas and increase species' ability to respond to environmental threats.
A new report provides a path forward for research on the complex links between climate change and violent conflict. The study suggests prioritizing deepening insight into climate-conflict linkages, integrating research designs, and evaluating interventions to manage climate-conflict risks.
A new study published in eNeuro found that motherhood takes over the brain's decision-making regions to prioritize caring for offspring. The infralimbic cortex directs mothers to choose their pups over drugs, promoting maternal behavior.
A new study reveals that focusing on both climate change and air pollution can lead to more effective upgrades in the US electricity system. In a county-by-county approach, researchers found that prioritizing health concerns in policies can alter optimal locations for cleaner technologies.
A new algorithm has been developed to select breast cancer patients in need of urgent surgery or chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The algorithm uses data from international trials to identify postmenopausal patients with primary ER+HER2- breast cancer who have less endocrine-sensitive tumours and should be prioritized for ear...
A new study maps the world's terrestrial vertebrates and finds that human activity is impacting areas with large concentrations of evolutionarily distinct species. Regions like the Caribbean, Western Ghats of India, and Southeast Asia face unprecedented levels of devastation.
The new guidelines provide a standardized protocol for imaging distal radius and tibia sites, as well as recommendations on reporting results. The guidelines aim to facilitate the comparison of results across studies by minimizing technical variation in scan acquisition and analysis.
A randomized trial found that extended rituximab infusions were associated with lower relapse rates in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Long-term rituximab use is considered an effective and probably safe treatment option for patients with AAV, according to the study's findings.
A study by Duke University scientists found that native communities hundreds of kilometers away from gold mining in the Peruvian Amazon have high levels of mercury exposure, leading to intellectual deficits and IQ losses. Children with higher mercury levels in their hair showed cognitive effects, even at lower exposure levels.
A new study published in the Disability and Health Journal found that individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at a higher risk of dying from COVID-19. The research revealed significantly higher case-fatality rates among those with IDD, particularly among younger age groups.
A team of Louisiana engineers and scientists, with federal funding from the National Science Foundation, are developing new technologies and materials to enhance structural safety and integrity in 3-D printing. They will use machine learning to efficiently discover and test optimal material compositions and processing methods.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed an AI-powered tool to speed up the search for COVID-19 treatments and vaccines. The model predicts which studies are most likely to be replicable, allowing researchers to prioritize resources on promising research.
The NIAID Strategic Plan for COVID-19 Research prioritizes improving fundamental knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, developing rapid diagnostic assays, testing potential treatments, and creating safe and effective vaccines. The plan aims to accelerate research to diagnose, prevent, and treat COVID-19.
The University of Maryland is funding joint research projects between UMB and UMD to address major healthcare challenges in chronic pain, mental health, aging, and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. The AIM-HI program aims to develop new technologies and approaches to relieve painful ailments.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation has developed a new patient-level performance indicator set to measure the effectiveness of fracture liaison services (FLS) and guide quality improvement. The set includes 11 indicators that assess various aspects of FLS, including patient outcomes and treatment recommendations.
Public schools in the US have shifted their focus to academic excellence, prioritizing standardized test scores over personal growth, job skills, and student self-awareness. The UB-led study found a significant rise in the ranking of academic excellence among public school principals, while personal growth and job skills declined.
Charismatic invasive species are more likely to be introduced and establish themselves due to social acceptance. This can lead to one-sided gaps in knowledge and wrongly prioritized protective measures, affecting both ecosystems and invasive species welfare.
A new study found that women are significantly overrepresented as authors and disseminators of physician compensation studies, which are largely unfunded. This may contribute to slow progress in addressing pay disparities.
A team of researchers from the University of Montana has identified critical forest areas in Malaysian Borneo that require protection. The study found that these priority forests store large amounts of carbon, support threatened rainforest animals and plants, and are crucial for conserving biodiversity.
A research team of physicists and chemists from Kiel University mimicked self-assembly processes to fabricate various patterns of controllable sizes, including the largest structures reported so far. They developed a model of intermolecular forces driving the self-assembly, enabling control over pattern size.
Scientists studied monocytes in young and elderly individuals, finding that energy production decreases and inflammation markers increase with age. This research provides a foundation for understanding age-related changes and potential solutions to slow down vascular calcification and atherosclerosis.
Researchers have developed new frameworks and recommendations for managing neurogenic bowel and bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury. These guidelines aim to improve independence, self-efficacy, and quality of life among individuals with spinal cord injuries.
Researchers developed a new concept of resectability and identified objective pre-operative prognostic factors to predict long-term survival in pancreatic cancer patients. The study's nomogram can estimate patient outcomes before surgery, regardless of local anatomic features.
Researchers have developed a new optimization method for tracking self-driving car trajectories that reduces errors while keeping computation demands low. The method prioritizes passenger comfort, aiming to replicate human drivers' ability to balance speed, safety, and route choice.
A team of researchers has identified a novel cybersecurity approach called SymTCP to enhance the effectiveness and timeliness of protection against attacks on Army systems. The approach uses symbolic execution to explore the state of TCP implementation and identify ways to reach critical points in the code.
A new supplement from The Gerontological Society of America outlines 10 research priorities to better support the needs of family caregivers. These priorities aim to address gaps in current literature and provide concrete directions for future research on family caregiving intervention.
Researchers at Kiel University have created a new simulation method that enables fast calculations of many-body quantum dynamics, saving computer time by up to 10,000 times. This breakthrough allows for simulations of complex quantum systems, such as molecules and solids, with unprecedented accuracy.
Recent advances in TB diagnostics, treatments and prevention offer hope for reducing and ultimately eliminating the burden of tuberculosis. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has made significant progress in improving TB diagnostics, therapeutic regimens and prevention approaches.
A Tufts University team won a grand prize in the NSF Idea Machine Competition with their project 'From Thinking to Inventing,' focusing on what machines can invent and how. They aim to create resilient robots that can creatively solve problems, addressing pressing issues like climate change and wealth inequality.
A new score, the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score, outperforms the Charlson Comorbidity Index in predicting healthcare outcomes for patients with multiple chronic illnesses. The score can help clinicians prioritize care and optimize health delivery to an aging population.
Researchers found that by prioritizing more effective 'umbrella' species, Australia's conservation efforts could be improved by a factor of seven. Different choices in the country could provide more assistance for threatened species, including koalas and red goshawks.
A team of researchers from Kiel University has developed more stable spin states in molecules, enabling potential applications in computing and data storage. The newly created compounds feature three properties that are coupled together to create a self-assembling switch, revolutionizing the field of molecular spintronics.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz have successfully controlled ultrafast motion of electrons in a metallic nanocircuit using light manipulation. The new method could speed up electronic switching in devices, enabling faster processing and higher performance.
Researchers at Kiel University successfully measured entropy in complex plasmas using video microscopy and laser technology. They found that the thermodynamic fundamentals are fulfilled, leading to new insights into strongly coupled systems.
Researchers propose transforming low-productivity agricultural land into conservation reserves, which could help nations meet their United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The approach recognizes the value of uncontested lands, allowing for quicker and cheaper conservation efforts than traditional methods.
Researchers have engineered lager yeast to produce more molecules that protect beer against staling, resulting in improved flavor stability. The modified strains produced 26.3-47.3% less acetaldehyde and increased levels of sulfur dioxide, a natural antioxidant.
Researchers from Kiel and Copenhagen developed a new computational model to simulate the detailed behavior of electrons in graphene nanoribbons. The model predicts that correlation effects due to electron repulsion have a dramatic influence on local energy spectrum, enabling precise control over electronic properties.
Experts argue that cyber risk requires collaboration across behavioral science, data science, economics, law, management science, and political science. A unified concept model identifies core questions to understand cyber risk and how each field can contribute to its efforts.
Rates of cardiac events such as heart failure and myocardial infarction decreased up to 60% among First Nations people with diabetes in Ontario. However, hospitalizations and deaths remained more frequent compared to non-First Nations individuals.
A new report by The Gerontological Society of America identifies three key steps for maintaining 'longevity fitness': cultivating social relationships, maintaining physical and mental health, and building financial security. The report provides actionable guidance to individuals and families to thrive as they age.
A US Army researcher has found that cultural cues can mitigate bias against humans and machines in human-machine interaction, promoting effective cooperation. By associating positive social groups with machines and emotional expressions, biases can be overcome.
Researchers found that sales relationship disruptions can lead to increased new sale revenue and decreased resale revenue, with total revenue increases ranging from 28.9% to 41.1% in favorable conditions. The study suggests prioritizing efforts on customers subject to a disruption and selecting activities to retain or expand business.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have developed a novel technique to detect cutting-edge trends in research by analyzing keywords. They analyzed thirty million research papers and found that emerging topics tend to generate new topics. This method could be used to prioritize funding, investment, and innovation in emerging areas.
A recent study by Inserm US14 found that more than 300 million people worldwide are currently living with a rare disease, which represents around 4% of the world's population. The study analyzed data from the Orphanet database and estimated that this number could be higher due to many cases being unrecorded in healthcare systems.
A study analyzing Google searches from 2004 to 2019 found significant increases in interest for CBD, a chemical component of marijuana, with substantial growth in search volumes between 2017 and 2018. The researchers urge attention to CBD as a public health priority to understand its use and potential effects.
Researchers found that fish can pass on heat-tolerant genes to their children and grandchildren, allowing them to cope with warmer waters. This adaptation could help coral reef fish populations survive projected ocean warming of up to three degrees Celsius.
The UTSA/NIH program aims to increase diversity in the biomedical sciences by training underrepresented students in research skills and experience. High-achieving freshmen from South Texas high schools will be recruited for a five-year grant-funded program.
A survey of 1,718 individuals from 69 countries found Hispanic and Latinx people willing to participate in genomics research studies, but with notable differences when segmented by country of birth and residence. Researchers emphasize the need for diversity in genetics research, including community-oriented approaches and cultural rele...
A new index uses data from books and newspapers to measure national happiness over 200 years, revealing that economic booms and busts have little long-term effect on well-being. The study found increases in longevity and post-war stability had a significant impact on happiness, while wars had a lasting negative impact.
The West Virginia Prevention Research Center will receive $750,000 in funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to address vaping and substance abuse issues. The grant aims to reduce rates of youth substance use and foster community resilience through a prevention model focused on building local capacity.
Researchers at University of Warwick have made a breakthrough in understanding the functions and structures of key enzymes in assembling an antibiotic with activity against Acinetobacter baumannii, a highly resistant pathogen. Understanding these enzymes could enable more effective versions of the antibiotic to be created.
Happy couples tend to take a solution-oriented approach to conflict, focusing on solvable issues like household labor and leisure time. They avoid discussing sensitive topics like health and intimacy, which can be challenging to resolve without risking vulnerability or embarrassment.
Researchers found that moral obligation is a key factor in protesters' decisions, followed by identification with the protesting group's values. The study suggests that ideology also plays a role in people's engagement in collective action. In total, the model correctly classified respondents in 87% of cases.
Researchers from Kiel University discovered a complex interplay of factors influencing pollen adhesion to surfaces. They found that pollen's adhesive properties change depending on the duration of contact and microstructure of the surface, providing new insights into coating processes and transporting medicinal substances.
Researchers have identified markers capable of predicting mortality in patients with symptoms of yellow fever, potentially helping to prevent severe conditions. The study found that older patients, high neutrophil counts, and high viral loads at hospital admission are significantly associated with mortality.
A team of Kiel University chemists built the first artificial molecular assembler, which uses light as the energy source. The system combines selective binding, accurate positioning, and active release of the product, solving the 'sticky fingers' problem.
Visceral leishmaniasis, transmitted by sand flies, can be prevented if diagnosed and treated early. Women in endemic regions face barriers to seeking care, leading to delayed treatment and increased mortality.
The Nephrology and Public Policy Committee (NPPC) has outlined a research plan to stimulate collaboration and grant applications in Europe. The plan focuses on addressing the global spread of kidney diseases, improving diagnostic tests, and enhancing patient care.
Researchers and health organizations are urging a coordinated effort to develop operational procedures, including methods for identifying scabies prevalence in impacted countries. The goal is to reduce the burden of scabies-related illnesses such as rheumatic heart disease through mass drug administration strategies.