Articles tagged with Research Priorities
Researchers at Kiel University developed a novel computer simulation technique to predict electron behavior under extreme conditions, providing the first exact data on thermodynamic properties. The results allow for benchmarking and improving previous models, paving the way for advancements in materials science and quantum physics.
Researchers suggest iron-rich rocks near ancient lake sites on Mars could hold clues to past life, with sedimentary rocks rich in iron and silica being the most promising candidates for fossil preservation. This study aims to aid NASA's next rover mission by identifying the best places to search for evidence of ancient life.
The Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ) has launched a dedicated research collection in CMAJ Open to advance patient-oriented research. This collection aims to engage patients as partners in research, focusing on their identified priorities and improving patient outcomes.
Researchers identify five types of growth strata developed in different structures, suggesting a 'pair' of basement-involved fold-thrust belt and flexure basin controlled by flat subduction. Sediments record the history of the Yanshanian Movement and provide key evidence for tectonic property of Northeast continental margin.
Latin American researchers identified 20 priority research questions to address pressing environmental and health issues, focusing on risk assessment, environmental chemistry, ecotoxicology, and more. The Global Horizon Scanning Project will help scientists achieve sustainable environmental quality around the world.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation's new interactive map reveals wide global variation in calcium intake, with low levels prevalent in Asia and Latin America. The map highlights the need for public health strategies to increase calcium intake throughout the lifespan.
Professor Nicholas Harvey received the prestigious IOF Medal of Achievement for his outstanding work in understanding early determinants of fracture risk and developing novel interventions. He has made significant contributions to the field of osteoporosis through his research and educational initiatives.
A new method prioritizes species for conservation efforts in the face of uncertainty. The approach overcomes data limitations to identify phylogenetic conservation priorities, producing accurate estimates of evolutionary distinctness scores.
A comprehensive study assesses health patterns in the US, revealing wide disparities between states. The Global Burden of Disease study estimates change in disease, injuries, and risk factors from 1990 to 2016 by state.
A joint research program aims to create a stable network of researchers working on perovskite semiconductors. The material has shown potential as a highly efficient and processable solar cell technology, with the goal of improving its defect tolerance.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft has approved 14 new Priority Programmes for 2019, covering a range of disciplines and topics including spatial genome architecture, Perovskite semiconductors, and digital image. The programmes will receive approximately €80 million in funding over three years.
The use of animal models in type 2 diabetes research is limited by interspecies differences and has proven inadequate to impact disease course, outcomes, and spread. Human-relevant research methods are increasingly being used, including imaging techniques, biological testing, and innovative approaches.
The University of Montana has earned a $2.1 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to study precision medicine targeted at Native peoples. Dr. Erica Woodahl will lead the project, which aims to build on existing community and university partnerships with tribal communities in Alaska and Montana.
Rare scientific discoveries and inventions garner higher citation rates through exploratory research, suggesting reallocation of funding to risky projects. Collaboration enhances novelty, with teams being 38% more likely than solo authors to bring new ideas into familiar domains.
In a series of experiments, researchers found that infants prioritize ingroup support over fairness when resources are limited. The study involved 72 participants aged 18-20 months and 48 participants aged 25-33 months, who observed resource-allocation events involving a puppet distributor and two potential recipients.
The Veterans Health Administration has outlined recommendations to combat the 'crisis' of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs) in healthcare settings. The recommendations focus on four key areas: transmission dynamics, antimicrobial stewardship, microbiome research, and special populations.
A Yale-led survey found that long-term research is crucial for advancing knowledge, particularly in addressing global change impacts. Scientists prioritize multi-site, observational, and experimental approaches over short-term experiments.
A comprehensive analysis of 150 university policies reveals limited research supporting compelled disclosure, which can silence and disempower survivors. Researchers propose four alternative approaches prioritizing survivor-centered goals to protect everyone involved in sexual assault cases.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation has published country-specific FRAX-based intervention and assessment thresholds for seven Latin American countries, enhancing fracture risk assessment. The thresholds vary significantly across the countries, emphasizing the need for tailored prevention programs.
Experts argue that sugar may play a key role in obesity and type 2 diabetes due to its unique metabolic effects, potentially beyond just excess calories. The World Health Organization describes the twin epidemics as a 'slow-motion disaster,' but critics say current recommendations targeting only calories are insufficient.
Researchers used electrical stimulation to activate the amygdala, a brain region involved in prioritizing memories, and found improved memory recognition for participants. The study has implications for developing memory enhancement therapies.
Researchers developed a new approach to monitoring algae blooms near lake shores, combining satellite and drone imaging for early detection. The tool offers near-daily updates, fast water quality monitoring, and better chorophyll a distribution maps.
A new research agenda, malERA Refresh, has been established to accelerate progress towards malaria elimination and global eradication. The initiative focuses on innovation and integrated approaches to tackle the challenges of resistance, transmission dynamics, and ecological balance.
A new research agenda for malaria elimination and eradication has been laid out in a collection of review articles, outlining six key areas of research. The malERA effort aims to accelerate malaria elimination and transform the global malaria community's ability to eradicate it.
A study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics reveals that earlobe attachment is influenced by an interplay of at least 49 genes. This complex genetics challenges traditional teaching methods, which often focus on dominant and recessive genes.
A study suggests that expanding geographic sharing of donor kidneys could add 58 to 174 additional kidney transplants per year, helping more patients get off dialysis treatments. Organ quality varies from donor to donor and is concentrated in less populous regions, where patients are more willing to accept lower-quality organs.
The development of brain-computer interfaces and AI-powered neurotechnologies holds promise for treating various disorders, but raises concerns about individual privacy and autonomy. Experts recommend regulating the use of personal data and establishing norms to prevent social inequalities and potential exploitation.
A new study by Ohio State University found that depression among nurses is tied to a higher likelihood of making medical errors. More than half of the 1,790 surveyed nurses reported sub-optimal physical and mental health, which significantly increased their risk of reporting medical errors.
Research predicts increased inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rates in developing countries as they adopt Western lifestyles and become more industrialized. IBD incidence is expected to rise dramatically, posing a global health challenge.
Lawreen H. Connors is awarded a $411,459 NIH grant to study wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis, a fatal protein deposition disease affecting millions of older Americans. Her research aims to improve recognition, monitoring, and treatment of the condition.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Arlington are using unmanned aerial vehicles to create highly accurate 3D and profile maps of storm debris in Beaumont, Texas. The project aims to help the city prioritize cleanup efforts by providing an accurate representation of the debris.
Despite electronic health record adoption, many US hospitals face challenges in integrating external data from other providers, leading to clinician barriers and limited accessibility. The study highlights the need for improved systems to ensure seamless data sharing.
A new scoring system calculates risk based on vital signs and indicates whether patients are at low, medium or high risk of death. The tool has been shown to outperform existing scoring systems in predicting patients' risk of death.
Researchers from University of Zurich investigate role of biodiversity in real-world ecosystems, finding diverse landscapes produce more biomass and adapt better to climate change. The analysis of 450 landscapes across Switzerland revealed a positive correlation between biodiversity and annual growing period length.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham found that contagious yawning is triggered automatically by primitive reflexes in the primary motor cortex. Their study showed that individuals' propensity for contagious yawning is determined by cortical excitability and physiological inhibition, with limited ability to resist yawns.
Researchers at NC State University have developed a high-throughput technique that can determine the potential toxicity of chemicals in seconds, enabling prioritization for in-depth testing. This approach accelerates the identification of environmentally hazardous chemicals and could significantly expedite screening.
Researchers face difficulties conducting longitudinal epidemiological surveys in countries like Brazil due to inadequate funding and poor infrastructure. The study highlights the need for strategies such as working with community leaders, organizing group efforts, and using short instruments to overcome these challenges.
In Scotland, tobacco companies are using financial incentives to encourage retailers to prioritize their brands and maintain point-of-sale displays despite the ban. Researchers found that 17 out of 24 small independent retailers reported receiving assistance from tobacco companies to adapt their ganties before the ban took effect.
Recent reports on gymnosperms' slow photosynthetic use of sunflecks prompted a call for cycad species study. Experimental protocols should be defined from natural habitats to accurately represent species behavior.
A series of papers calls for a global recovery treatment consensus for stroke patients, citing the need for standardized terminology, biomarkers, and consistent measures. The World Stroke Organization's first Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable aims to develop strong international partnerships to tackle this challenge.
A new study by Colorado State University researchers provides the first biological map of priority areas that capture multiple dimensions of mammalian biodiversity. This approach can help safeguard vulnerable mammals and ensure their evolutionary potential to adapt in a rapidly changing world.
A new study reveals vast knowledge gaps in island-restricted bat species, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing conservation efforts for these vulnerable habitats. The research identifies areas with high levels of endemic bat species and underscores the urgent need to protect their islands and populations.
Dr Dmitry Zmeev has been awarded a £1.4M EPSRC Career Fellowship to investigate the properties of superfluid helium 3He. His research aims to understand its unusual behavior and potential applications in nano-electronics and cosmology.
Suicide rates among people with autism in England have reached high levels, according to researchers from Coventry and Newcastle universities. The issue remains poorly understood, and action is urgently needed to help those most at risk.
Dr Ben Hughes's team designs district cooling technology to cool outside air and push it through the stadium, stands, and concourse areas. The system uses recovered heat in a mixed mode, delivering a stable, comfortable indoor environment while being more sustainable than traditional air conditioning systems.
A new study by University of Missouri researchers reveals that cultural values of photojournalists' home countries influence the framing of international events. The study analyzed over 400 photographs from Pope Francis's 2015 visit to Cuba, finding differences in camera angles and news priorities between media outlets from the US, UK,...
Endometriosis affects an estimated 176 million women worldwide, causing chronic pain, heavy bleeding, and infertility. The project identified key priorities, including better diagnosis tools, emotional support, and fertility preservation methods.
Research on marine and coastal cultural ecosystem services is scarce compared to other ecosystem service categories, revealing insights into social-ecological interactions worldwide.
A team of researchers at the University of Strathclyde has successfully created man-made space radiation in a laboratory setting using laser-plasma-based accelerators. This breakthrough could enable safer and more reliable space exploration by testing devices and equipment in controlled conditions on Earth.
A new study investigates the use of oxygen therapy via high-flow nasal tubes in patients with COPD experiencing exacerbations. The short-term trial found lower retained carbon dioxide levels compared to standard oxygen therapy, suggesting a potential benefit.
A new European Respiratory Society roadmap identifies key areas for investment to address the impact of asthma on individuals, healthcare systems, and economies. The document outlines 15 research priorities to improve mortality and morbidity rates, including primary care, triggers, personalised medicine, and self-management.
Post-conflict zones face unique tobacco control challenges due to high usage rates and opportunistic industry activity, highlighting the need for strong governance and effective measures like taxation
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) has established 17 new Priority Programmes across diverse fields, including humanities, social sciences, life sciences, and engineering sciences. The programmes will receive approximately €100 million in funding for the next three years.
A study of red-sided garter snakes reveals that males who prioritize mating over self-preservation age faster and die earlier than females. Females, on the other hand, maintain their body condition with age, allowing them to live longer lives and reproduce more effectively.
A Purdue University study reveals Listeria monocytogenes can live within romaine lettuce tissue throughout plant growth stages. Exposure to the bacteria can lead to infection in as little as 30 minutes, posing a risk to vulnerable populations.
Scientists at Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine have created a new way to screen potential treatments for Tuberculosis (TB), which may reduce treatment duration from six months to weeks.
Researchers call for a coordinated effort to understand plant-microbiome interactions to improve plant health and agricultural productivity. Five key research priorities are proposed to address nutrient use, stress tolerance, disease resistance, microbiome assembly, and functional mechanisms.
A new study from Rutgers University reveals that killifish played a crucial role in the food web, while terns, gulls, and wading birds were highly sensitive to oil due to their extensive connections as prey and predator. The researchers identified blue crabs as key species for future research due to their importance in the ecosystem.
Researchers at UC Davis Health found that doctors and patients often have differing priorities for pain treatment, with patients seeking to reduce pain intensity and physicians focusing on improving physical function. The study recommends pain-focused communication training to improve doctor-patient agreements.
A study found that funding agencies are not transparent about their methods to reduce waste and support methodological research, and governments are not holding them accountable. This has led to a lack of comprehensive strategies for data sharing and reducing research waste.