Astronomers have measured large, well-ordered magnetic fields in a galaxy 4.6 billion light-years away, providing clues about how magnetic fields formed and evolved over cosmic time. The new observations offer insights into the structure of galactic-sized magnetic fields since the beginning of the universe.
A team of researchers at the University of Iowa suggests that black holes played a crucial role in making the universe visible. By ejecting matter violently, black holes may have pierced cloudy surroundings, enabling light from stars to escape. This theory is supported by observations of a nearby galaxy emitting ultraviolet light.
A study in monkeys reveals that two distinct brain areas, the orbital frontal cortex and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, are involved in decision-making. The researchers found that monkeys with lesions in one area had impaired ability to track probability, while those with lesions in the other area showed a preference for rewards.
A study by Duke University Medical Center researchers found that cardiac arrests in predominantly black neighborhoods are more likely to result in delayed CPR and defibrillation, which can lead to poorer survival rates. The study analyzed over 22,000 cases of cardiac arrest outside the hospital and found a significant disparity in CPR ...
A study published in Biotropica found that Asian elephants prefer to eat monocot plants like palms, grasses, and bamboo, whereas African elephants feed on tree saplings. This difference has significant implications for forest dynamics and human-elephant conflict.
Researchers have discovered a way to improve Li-ion battery technology by replacing graphite with silicon, quadrupling anode capacity. The new material has been found to be more suitable when particles are sized between 10-20 micrometres and have the right porosity.
Researchers have created laboratory models of 12 types of pediatric cancer, enabling the study of tumor development and sensitivity to drugs. The HHMI is making these models and related data freely available to the scientific community, aiming to accelerate the discovery of new therapies for childhood cancers.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a cheaper production method to create single-crystal metals, known for their shape memory properties. This breakthrough could lead to mass-produced materials with improved elasticity and strength, ideal for building structures that can withstand earthquakes.
Scientists at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History discovered that Myrmoteras ants' jaws work independently of other known ant species. The study revealed that the ants' predatory strike takes only half a millisecond and reaches speeds of approximately 50 miles per hour.
Researchers at UC Riverside found pallid bats resistant to Arizona bark scorpion venom, with amino acid substitutions in voltage gated sodium ion channels. The study may have implications for understanding and managing human pain.
Researchers engineered antibodies to target EGFR on bladder tumors and used gold nanoparticles to deliver heat via plasmon resonance. This technique successfully slowed and reversed tumor growth in mice, with minimal side effects.
Research in mice shows that gut bacteria play a crucial role in modulating the effects of a powerful protective gene against type 1 diabetes. The findings highlight the importance of early environmental exposures to a variety of germs in proper immune system development.
Researchers have discovered new molecular fossils of archaea using forensic science methods, providing insight into the distribution and timeline of these ancient microorganisms. The study used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze sedimentary rock samples from southern China, revealing previously unknown fossils.
Researchers from Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research and Royal Zoological Society Scotland use genetic data to identify individual origins and potential trade routes of the skins. This helps in long-term conservation and verification of CITES documentation to restrict illegal schemes.
Scientists have discovered that ribosomes, the tiny factories of cells that produce proteins, are attached to mitochondria. This finding provides new insights into the process of protein targeting and mitochondrial function, which is essential for understanding diseases such as Parkinson's.
A new study finds that an open gym format for cardiac rehabilitation shortens waiting times by an average of 14.9 days, compared to traditional scheduled appointments. The flexible scheduling model also showed no significant differences in outcomes, including exercise capacity and depressive symptoms.
The FDA has approved Kymriah, a CAR T gene therapy drug, for pediatric and young adult patients with ALL, marking a major milestone in cancer treatment. The therapy showed an exceptional 83 percent success remission rate in clinical trials.
The ALMA study reveals dense shock waves and vast turbulent reservoirs of cool, low-density gas surrounding starburst galaxies. These reservoirs are thought to be driven by galactic winds, extending the starburst phase instead of quenching it.
Ecologists have developed a new framework for understanding relationships among animals, plants, and their environments, enabling predictions about species' reactions to changing climates. The periodic table of ecological niches, built from decades of fieldwork data, reveals convergent evolution in lizards across continents.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have discovered an errant protein process in a rare genetic disorder that could help healthy people live longer. The study found rapid protein turnover and enlarged nucleoli in progeria cells, which may serve as biomarkers for aging.
A recent University of Alberta study reveals that wolves in the Athabasca Oil Sands region are undeterred by tailings ponds and pit mines when hunting moose. In fact, low human activity areas like these provide effective hunting grounds for wolves.
A study by NIH and other institutions has extended noninvasive prenatal screening to all 24 human chromosomes, detecting rare genetic disorders that may explain miscarriage and pregnancy abnormalities. The research identified risk for serious complications in pregnancies with high levels of abnormal cells in the placenta.
Lasertools, a Brazilian company, has extended its use of solid-state neodymium-doped lasers to increase power levels and processing speed, making micromachining more feasible. The company developed laser manufacturing methods for biocompatible metal implants, including coronary stents.
Researchers have discovered that stabilizing TREM2, a protein involved in neurodegenerative diseases, could be a viable therapeutic strategy to combat Alzheimer's disease. The study found that a mutation in the TREM2 gene accelerates its cleavage, leading to reduced full-length protein on microglia cells.
The Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected heavy rain and strong convective storms in the area where Tropical Storm Irma was forming. The storm is expected to strengthen over the next 48 hours, potentially becoming a hurricane on Friday, September 1st.
DNA damage accelerates aging in nematode worms, showing surprising similarities with aged humans. The study reveals comprehensive connections between metabolism, DNA preservation, and signaling pathways.
NASA used infrared data to analyze temperature information and locate the strongest storms in Hurricane Harvey. The analysis revealed that the highest cloud tops indicate the coldest temperatures, pinpointing areas of intense storm activity.
Participants showed higher levels of cooperation for provision of new public goods, with a majority exhibiting conditional cooperation. In contrast, those who never participated in maintenance or provision faced dilemmas about public goods, leading to lower willingness to cooperate.
Whale sharks track ocean fronts for food and migration purposes, revealing a network of 'highways' across the Eastern Tropical Pacific. The study provides insights into whale shark behavior, informing conservation efforts and population estimates.
Researchers found that a tick saliva molecule blocks inflammation and abnormal blood clotting in HIV-infected cells, reducing cardiovascular risks. The discovery could lead to new treatments targeting the TF pathway.
The largest study on hardmetal workers found no increased risk of lung cancer or death due to the substance's use in the industry. Short-term workers showed small excesses in lung cancer mortality, attributed to lifestyle and behavior factors rather than occupational exposure.
The study found that regular CT scans may not be necessary for follow-up, suggesting a conservative approach to monitoring the disease. The findings challenge standard clinical practice guidelines recommending chest CT scans every three to six months in the first two years after surgery.
Researchers developed a new assay to detect gene fusions in dozens of genes simultaneously, identifying a rare MET fusion in a late-stage lung cancer patient. The patient showed an almost complete response to targeted therapy crizotinib after over 8 months of treatment.
The TOMOCON project develops imaging-based industrial process control using tomographic sensors, improving separation quality in chemical and petro-chemical industries. The network also demonstrates advanced technologies for industrial crystallization and steel casting.
A research team has identified a methanotroph strain that can consume both methane and hydrogen gases, improving its growth and survival in various conditions. This finding has significant implications for greenhouse gas mitigation, as industrial companies can use these bacteria to convert harmful gases into useful products.
A new study suggests that Jordan may face disastrous droughts if alternative water sources are not implemented. Climate change and water scarcity could lead to a decline in rainfall, higher temperatures, and reduced freshwater supply, making it difficult for the country to meet its water demands.
Researchers at Columbia University and the Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown have discovered a map in the brain's striatum that guides animal movements. The study used miniature mobile microscopes to capture neural activity patterns of up to 300 neurons, revealing complex patterns of organization that reflect similarity in actions.
Researchers developed a peptide mass fingerprint technique to identify whale species from old baleen samples too degraded for microscopy. The method accurately identified 10 species of whales and helped archaeologists understand which species prehistoric groups hunted and how resources were used.
Research reveals a striking underrepresentation of biodiversity-rich regions among editors of top conservation journals. This mismatch may impact policy and funding decisions, hindering global conservation goals.
A recent study by Stockholm University's Demography Unit found that shared custody arrangements reduce stress levels in children. Children living with one parent are more likely to experience stress due to the lack of resources and relationships, while shared physical custody allows for regular contact with both parents, promoting stab...
Researchers found that mutated Ras causes ER stress, activating IRE1, which can both promote and inhibit tumors. IRE1 degrades messenger RNAs to help cells survive but also expresses proteins that fix unfolded proteins.
A study published in European Heart Journal found that middle-aged individuals who report slow walking pace are twice as likely to die from heart disease compared to brisk walkers. Habitual walking pace is also linked to exercise tolerance and physical fitness.
A study of thousands of children found that exclusion from school can trigger long-term psychiatric illness, including depression and anxiety. The research highlights the need for tailored support to prevent exclusion and improve mental health outcomes.
The study introduces the adjoint method to combine NPS term and initial condition inversion, improving model accuracy. The results show that assimilating NPS term is more important than initial value, and the model can be generalized to other regions.
A study published in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology found that antimicrobial fabrics on nurses' scrubs do not prevent bacterial contamination. The researchers identified Staphylococcus aureus as the most commonly transmitted pathogen, emphasizing the need for improved cleaning protocols and hand hygiene practices.
Researchers will conduct ethnographic research in public libraries to better understand the activities and needs of low-income users. A 'Digital Swiss Army Knife' prototype is being developed to provide password generation, secure access, and session protection on portable devices.
A recent study published in Nature investigated the Alpine Fault of New Zealand, revealing unusual heat generation and fluid movement. The research team drilled to a depth of 893m into the active fault, discovering a pressure gradient almost 10% greater than expected, and temperature gradients typical of active volcanic regions.
Research presented at ESC Congress found that poor sleep is associated with increased risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke. The study revealed different patterns of sleep disturbance between the two conditions, with patients with ischaemic heart disease experiencing shorter sleep and brief moments of waking up.
A meta-analysis of over 68,000 patients found that PCSK9 inhibitors did not increase the short-term risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, exploratory analyses suggested a trend towards increased risk in patients with intense LDL cholesterol reduction and long-term treatment.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University are developing a Placenta-on-a-Chip device that simulates malaria in the womb to develop new treatments. The device uses embedded microsensors to monitor vascular cell well-being and nutrient circulation, enabling close examination of malaria's effects on mother and fetus.
A new estimation approach for total organic carbon (TOC) content is validated using well data from the Goldwyer Formation. The method provides reliable TOC estimates for wells inside and outside the Barbwire Terrace, as well as global lacustrine shale. This improves assessments of shale play prospects and potential hydrocarbon resource.
Researchers developed a novel cartilage degeneration algorithm to predict the progression of osteoarthritis. The algorithm shows great potential in patient-specific progression prediction, and may facilitate clinical decision-making in treatment.
The Xpert Ultra assay overcomes limitations of the current test, providing more reliable detection of Rifampicin resistance and significantly improving tuberculosis detection in patients with pauci-bacillary disease. The new assay format includes gene target amplifications that enhance previously amplified targets.
Tropical Storm Sanvu has strengthened with cloud top temperatures as low as -63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating potential for heavy rain. The storm is expected to intensify into a typhoon by August 31 before weakening again.
Researchers from Nanyang Technological University have developed a process to convert brewery waste into a valuable liquid nutrient that can grow beer yeast. This innovation reduces the need for commercial liquid nutrients and saves breweries significant production costs.
Researchers analyzed century-old seal pelts to investigate human impacts on the Antarctic ecosystem. They found that Weddell seals' diets have not changed significantly over the past hundred years, but significant change occurred in the phytoplankton community, likely due to climatic shifts.
Researchers found that reducing invasive moose populations indirectly lowers wolf density and stops decline of endangered caribou. This approach shows promise as a long-term solution to stabilize the species, which requires population growth to achieve recovery goals.
A new study published in The Lancet found that eating 3-4 servings of fruit, vegetables, and legumes per day (375-500g) achieves similar benefits against mortality risk as higher portions. This target is more affordable for people in low- and middle-income countries, providing a potential solution to food security issues.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University have created 3D avatars of three new ant species named after key figures in African biodiversity conservation. The ants' virtual reconstructions allow for detailed study of their biology without damaging physical specimens.
Researchers have found that women with a history of preeclampsia have a 90% decrease in breast cancer risk if they carry a specific common gene variant. The study, conducted in the California Teachers Study, confirms earlier findings and aims to develop new breast cancer prevention strategies for all women.