Articles tagged with Research Priorities
Researchers found that dynamic stretching can improve kicking accuracy, while intense physical exercises have a negative effect on kick velocity. Consumption of carbohydrate beverages during matches also enables players to maintain adequate kicking performance.
A comprehensive review of lung cancer screening trials reveals both benefits and harms, leading to updated USPSTF recommendations. Screening can lower lung cancer deaths in high-risk individuals, but also leads to false positives and unnecessary procedures.
A pragmatic mixed-methods randomized controlled trial found no effect on quantitative measures of self-management and self-efficacy after a four-month intervention. However, patients reported significant improvements in self-management and self-efficacy through qualitative interviews.
A proposed algorithm could reduce carbon dioxide emissions from semi-trucks and other heavy-duty vehicles by up to 9.3%. The Cloud Computing System uses data from external sources like road slope, speed limits, and weather conditions to determine the most fuel-efficient route.
The Skoltech team developed an AI system that enables processing images from autonomous greenhouses, monitoring plant growth and automating the cultivation process. The system, based on convolutional neural networks, can classify 18 plant varieties with high accuracy and outperform popular codecs in image size reduction.
A new program at the University of Pittsburgh, funded by the NIH, aims to educate investigators and innovators on designing for older adults. The Human Factors of Aging program will help translate research into action, considering physical, cognitive, and sensory issues that often get overlooked.
A €9.75m Irish-led project, PANDEM-2, aims to create a more consistent and futureproof approach to pandemic management in the EU. The project will develop novel concepts, services, and IT systems to improve EU preparedness and response.
Vertebral fractures often remain undetected despite their significance as risk factors for future fractures. Routine use of VFA in fracture liaison services helps physicians detect unrecognized fractures and inform treatment decisions. The IOF position paper emphasizes the potential of improved detection of vertebral fractures within FLS.
Researchers developed an evolutionary agent-based model to understand the impact of prioritizing discoveries and found that it can lead to reduced quality research and publication bias. However, reforms like scoop protection can help mitigate these issues.
Researchers developed an agent-based model to analyze the priority rule in science, finding that excessive rewards for priority can lead to lower-quality research. However, reforms like scoop protection can help mitigate this issue. To further improve science, measures like preregistration and criticism of research plans can encourage ...
A group of researchers is calling on the National Institutes of Health and other funding agencies to address disparities in allocating support to Black researchers. The disparity has resulted in Black applicant award rates being around 55% lower than those of white principal investigators.
The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America has released a new research agenda to inform clinical practice, policy, and prevention strategies for COVID-19. The agenda highlights critical areas of study, including understanding asymptomatic spread and long-term cardiometabolic impacts.
Research finds that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex drives self-bias in working memory, allowing individuals to recall information about themselves faster than others. This brain region is activated when holding self-representing stimuli in working memory.
A new report warns of significant increases in osteoporosis patients and fragility fractures in Eurasian countries, with expected demographic changes and poor diagnostic resources exacerbating the problem. The report highlights the need for urgent action to address this growing health issue.
A novel method identifies areas most suitable for the conservation of the endangered black lion tamarin, considering both climate and landscape factors. The study used modeling to pinpoint areas with suitable forest cover and climate, indicating a need for targeted strategies in forest restoration to connect fragmented habitats.
A new study by Oregon State University researchers finds that co-developing land for solar photovoltaic power and agriculture could reduce US carbon emissions by 330,000 tons annually and create over 100,000 jobs. The proposed agrivoltaic systems would produce 20% of US electricity generation while minimizing crop yield impact.
A University of Otago study found that quality sleep, rather than quantity, was the strongest predictor of mental health and well-being in young adults. The three pillars of good mental health identified in the study are sleep quality, exercising, and eating more raw fruits and vegetables.
Researchers investigated delaying radical prostatectomy surgery for up to six months in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. The results indicate that delaying surgery may be associated with worse outcomes, highlighting the need for personalized treatment decisions.
Researchers investigated acoustic properties of eVTOL aircraft and found that smaller rotors generate more broadband noise. Co-axial co-rotating rotors may offer better performance and lower noise than conventional rotors, with stacked rotor configurations potentially producing the lowest noise levels.
A European team has identified the most urgent invasive species to eradicate in Europe, including the golden apple snail and water hyacinths. The study prioritizes species based on risk of establishment and impact on the environment and economy.
The University of Arizona is among lead institutions in a $100 million consortium to study flight at five times the speed of sound. Over 60 member universities will work with government agencies and industry to accelerate research and technology for hypersonic flight.
A NYUAD researcher has developed a research and development agenda to eliminate cybersickness, allowing for wider use of virtual and augmented reality. The new agenda prioritizes creating powerful head-worn displays, reducing visual latencies, and improving countermeasures.
A global survey of over 22,000 researchers reveals concerns about the long-term impact of COVID-19 on funding, with 47% anticipating reduced funding in their area. The study highlights the need for a more holistic approach to problem-solving and investing in resilience.
The Karen Toffler Charitable Trust has gifted Boston University School of Medicine a $40,000 grant to support early-stage, future-focused brain science research. The funding will enable young researchers to explore high-impact ideas that could push the future of humanity in a brighter direction.
The study explores how technological innovations like digitization and platform markets are eroding psychological ownership, leading to negative consequences for consumers and firms. However, it also highlights opportunities for firms to preserve and recapture psychological ownership through strategic marketing efforts.
A recent survey by Research!America found that 78% of Americans prioritize improving the nation's public health system, while 71% are willing to pay $1 more per week in taxes for an emergency fund. The survey also revealed strong bipartisan support for addressing health disparities and research into new treatments.
The National Human Genome Research Institute has published its 2020 Strategic Vision, which describes cutting-edge research priorities and opportunities in human genomics. The vision identifies four focus areas: guiding principles, sustaining and improving genomic research, breaking down barriers, and compelling biomedicine projects.
Researchers developed a more precise screening index to identify areas with high levels of chronic lead exposure in children. The method uses established risk factors, including poverty and housing built before 1950, and can be applied to any area in the US.
The University of Surrey has made significant advancements in perovskite tandem solar cells, achieving higher power conversion efficiencies through adjustments to thickness and the development of more effective protective layers. This progress holds promise for accelerating commercialization and promoting a shift towards green energy.
Cardiovascular healthcare faces a lack of diversity among its professionals, which hampers innovation and excellence. Women and underrepresented groups are disproportionately underrepresented in the field.
A study found that humans more accurately recall the locations of high-calorie foods than low-calorie foods. Participants presented with food samples were 27% more accurate at mapping high-calorie foods to the correct location, while those presented with food-scented cotton pads showed a 28% accuracy boost.
A recent survey by Research!America reveals broad bipartisan support for a stronger focus on science, with 88% of Americans believing science benefits them. The survey also shows that Americans are willing to pay more taxes to support scientific research and that basic scientific research should be supported by the federal government.
A new study suggests that banning menthol cigarettes could avert over 630,000 deaths and benefit communities of color. The research highlights the disproportionate preference for menthol among young smokers, Black smokers, lesbian and gay smokers, bisexual smokers, and those with mental health problems.
The PLOS journal has developed 10 guidelines to help lab leaders create anti-racist environments, promoting diversity and inclusion. The rules include organizing discussions about racism, amplifying BIPOC voices, and adopting dynamic research agendas.
A new field of research in microbiology is transforming the way scientists see fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms. Advances in genetic sequencing and bioinformatics have enabled scientists to discover the diversity and functions of microorganisms, leading to breakthroughs in agricultural products and disease treatment.
A new brief survey called the Brief Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (BREESI) can help identify individuals with chemical intolerance by answering just three yes-or-no questions. The BREESI was developed to address the growing concern of chemical intolerance, which affects 8-33% of individuals, and its impact on health.
The new center, led by Ezemenari Obasi, aims to accelerate cutting-edge research and implement findings in real time for community health. It will launch an app to help African Americans quit smoking and pursue careers in health equity science.
Fossilized ostracods found in 100-million-year-old amber reveal evidence of sexual intercourse, including male clasper, sperm pumps, hemipenes, eggs, and female seminal receptacles. This discovery provides insights into ancient ostracod autoecology and reproductive behavior.
Researchers at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory found that emotion expressions can shape cooperation in autonomous systems. They suggest guidelines for designing machines that promote cooperation with soldiers by using a combination of action and emotion displays.
Researchers discovered how the brain processes bright and contrasting light, enabling robots to team with humans. The study's findings reveal principles that can guide modeling toward correct mechanisms for reconstructing 3D shape in real-world luminance.
A meta-analysis identified seven countries with high biodiversity risk, including the US, which has a large unprotected area with significant species diversity. Targeting 'cost-effective zones' could help balance conservation goals with economic priorities, potentially expanding protected areas globally.
A research team led by the University of Oklahoma aims to identify general ecological rules governing microbiome dynamics using anaerobic digesters as model systems. The study will provide fundamental knowledge critical to predicting microbiome behaviors and enable science-informed policies for ecosystem management.
The research reviews recent progress on ridge subduction, a key geological process involved in the generation of arc magmatism, material recycling, and metallogenesis. It highlights the significance of ridge subduction in modern oceanic plate tectonics and identifies areas for future research.
Dr. Famida Jiwa, President and CEO of Osteoporosis Canada, received the IOF CNS Medal for her outstanding work in expanding osteoporosis awareness and outreach globally. She has led significant programs to improve patient care and education in Canada.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation's Skeletal Rare Diseases Academy Awards recognized five young researchers for their high-quality research on rare disorders of the skeleton. The winners received a certificate and grant, valued at $1000, in recognition of their outstanding contributions.
Dr Michael R. McClung received the IOF Olof Johnell Science Award for his significant contributions to osteoporosis research, guideline development, and clinical education. He has been recognized internationally for his work in bone density testing, therapy development, and clinical guidelines.
Dr Basil Masri was awarded the IOF Medal of Achievement in 2020 for his significant contributions to understanding and managing osteoporosis. He has also made notable achievements in developing registries and tools, such as the Jordanian Hip Fracture registry and FRAX tool.
The virtual WCO-IOF-ESCEO 2020 Congress featured over 210 live and pre-recorded sessions on new clinical research and advances in osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and related diseases. The Congress attracted a record number of registrants and was accredited by the EACCME with 16 European CME credits.
Army researchers have developed a new material that can autonomously heal in air and underwater, enabling massive reconfigurability in future military platforms. The material has a dynamic bond that allows it to be 3-D printed and recycled, and introduces unique shape memory behavior.
A study by Ben-Gurion University researchers found a significant decrease in research on emerging infectious diseases after an outbreak, hindering preparedness for future pandemics. The research highlights the need for sustained investment in coronavirus research to develop new drugs, vaccines, and preventive strategies.
The American Thoracic Society has released new practice guidelines on non-invasive ventilation in chronic stable Hypercapnic COPD. The guidelines recommend using nocturnal NIV in addition to usual care and screening patients for obstructive sleep apnea before initiating long-term therapy.
A team of scientists calls for a prioritized list of what should be conserved from a scientific, economic, social and environmental perspective. The current biobanking infrastructure is 'fragmented and not prepared' to handle the rapid advancement of microbiome research.
A survey of 95 Central American migrants found that 74% experienced food insecurity, with factors including days in transit and travel companion illness. The researchers offer potential remedies for strengthening migrants' access to food, including information on procuring nutrition and prioritizing inexpensive food.
A new study quantifies the effect of a recent sentinel fracture on 10-year fracture probability using data from Iceland's fracture register. The findings provide probability ratios to adjust conventional FRAX estimates by site, enabling early identification and treatment of high-risk individuals.
A comprehensive clinical review provides updated guidance on factors affecting peak bone mass, distinguishing low bone mass from proper osteoporosis in young women. The authors outline management and treatment options for premenopausal osteoporosis, including the use of antiresorptive and bone-forming drugs.
New research suggests that governments need to understand public priorities before rolling out track and trace apps, with privacy being a top consideration for only one group of people. The study found that promoting societal benefits over individual health benefits is more effective in achieving mass acceptance.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that patients with frailty, older age, and urinary tract infections have a higher risk of developing sepsis. Antibiotic therapy may reduce this risk, but unnecessary prescribing can contribute to antimicrobial resistance.
A global transition to agroecological production is crucial to reduce threats to biodiversity and support ecosystems. Agroecology can enhance biodiversity, promote connectivity between protected areas and increase species' ability to respond to environmental threats.
A new report provides a path forward for research on the complex links between climate change and violent conflict. The study suggests prioritizing deepening insight into climate-conflict linkages, integrating research designs, and evaluating interventions to manage climate-conflict risks.
A new study published in eNeuro found that motherhood takes over the brain's decision-making regions to prioritize caring for offspring. The infralimbic cortex directs mothers to choose their pups over drugs, promoting maternal behavior.