A new two-stage surgical protocol delays the induced menopause caused by ovary removal, providing some ovarian cancer risk reduction while avoiding detrimental consequences. The study found that 69% of premenopausal women at high risk of ovarian cancer were interested in this alternative option.
A study presented at ESC Congress 2020 found that deep chest compressions can improve blood flow to the brain, reducing brain damage and improving survival rates. The study also showed that patients with CPR-related injuries were more likely to have better brain function, highlighting the importance of prompt and effective resuscitation.
A global study led by Ben-Gurion University researchers suggests that wastewater containing coronaviruses may pose a serious infection risk. The team recommends upgrading treatment protocols to remove viruses from water sources.
A team of scientists created a map highlighting the brain circuits affected in mania, which could lead to more effective treatments for bipolar disorder. The study identified specific regions, including the orbitofrontal cortex and inferior temporal cortex, as key players in mood regulation and emotional processing.
Researchers from King's College London and Imperial College London developed a theoretical model for treating two COVID-19 patients simultaneously using one ventilator. The approach uses tailored ventilation and adjustable tidal volumes to mitigate risks associated with ventilator splitting.
A new study published in JNeurosci found that people learn and decide better when avoiding harm to others. The study used an fMRI scanner to investigate how participants learned to choose between two symbols to minimize pain, revealing increased activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) when choosing for another person.
The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical importance of water security, with nearly a quarter of households in low-income countries struggling to access clean water. Experts are urging policymakers to prioritize behavioral change, knowledge promotion, and investment in water infrastructure to address this pressing issue.
RAMBO-II will produce stronger magnetic fields and probe samples with an even broader spectrum of intense laser pulses. This upgrade enables researchers to study materials under extreme conditions, advancing the frontiers of materials physics and chemistry.
Research reveals climate change is drastically affecting species abundance in the tropics, with 69% of tropical species showing negative responses to temperature increases. This study highlights the urgent need for understanding how species respond to changing climates on a global scale.
UTSW scientists found that STING activates a pathway directly killing tumor-fighting immune cells, revealing a new opportunity for checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy. This finding could lead to longer-lasting immunotherapies and more effective treatments for cancer.
Research suggests that maternal caffeine consumption is linked to various adverse pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage, stillbirth, and childhood obesity. Current health recommendations for caffeine during pregnancy may need radical revision as the evidence points towards no safe level of consumption.
The study found that herbivore feces contain varying nutrient profiles depending on their body size. Larger-bodied herbivores leave dung with lower phosphorus and higher nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratios.
A systematic review of automated patient monitoring systems (PMSs) found that they can improve sepsis recognition and treatment in some studies, but the overall evidence is mixed. In total, 12 studies provided data on patient outcomes, with six showing reduced mortality rates.
A team of researchers from the University of Melbourne has identified new mediators of immune exhaustion that may be targeted in therapies for cancer and severe viral infections. T cells can lose function within just a few days of severe infection, contrary to previous thought that it takes longer.
Researchers at USC Viterbi have discovered a new kind of dynamic light structure that can rotate around its center and revolve around another axis. This innovation has potential applications in sensing, imaging, manufacturing, and metrology, offering tailored light with novel dynamic motion.
A research team identified a mechanism to control myelin sheath restoration after injury or in multiple sclerosis, regenerating damaged sheaths with theophylline. The study found significant recovery of myelin sheaths in both peripheral and central nervous systems, promoting efficient remyelination.
Researchers have created a genetically engineered mosquito strain with a Cas9/guide RNA-based gene drive that targets the cardinal gene to prevent malaria transmission. The drive achieved an average efficiency of 96.7% in both sexes, ensuring every mosquito carries at least one copy within six generations.
A new study by an international team of researchers found that biodiversity experiment findings are reliable and applicable to the real world. The study analyzed data from two large-scale experiments and compared them with equivalent 'real-world' sites, showing that previous conclusions were supported.
A new study reveals how remora suckerfish detach themselves from surfaces and explores the application of this mechanism in underwater robots. The research team developed a biomimetic flexible adhesive disc with controllable motion, which showed similar detachment motions to its biological counterpart.
Synbiotics combine pre- and probiotics, providing a wider range of health benefits. The new definition allows for the use of microorganisms and selectively utilized substrates, enabling the creation of synergistic synbiotics with targeted health benefits.
A large population-based study found that acute cardiovascular events are common among adults hospitalized with influenza, with older age and underlying cardiovascular disease significantly increasing the risk. Vaccination is crucial for these patients, particularly those with cardiovascular risk factors, to prevent such complications.
Researchers developed a human-robot team that can detect physical changes in 3D environments and share information with humans in real-time through augmented reality. The robot's sensors and algorithms enable it to provide contextual awareness to soldiers, helping them stay ahead of potential threats.
New research suggests that Black patients experience less pain and anxiety when treated by a physician of their own race. Racial/ethnic concordance between doctor and patient influences physical responses to pain, with Black patients showing reduced bodily responses when paired with same-race doctors.
Researchers developed a new way to measure habitat complexity, which is crucial for understanding biodiversity and conservation status. The method uses three metrics: rugosity, fractal dimension, and height range, and can accurately predict the distribution of biodiversity in complex ecosystems.
A new study contradicts claims that Asian American students are harmed when they cannot attend their first-choice university. The study found no significant differences in outcomes between Asian American students who were admitted to and attending their first-choice university and those who were not.
Researchers analyzed internet searches indicating acute anxiety during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found a significant association between COVID-19 and increased anxiety on a population basis.
NAU researchers will collaborate with ASU and regional partners on nanotechnology-based innovations, expanding educational opportunities for northern Arizona communities. The NAU site will provide capabilities in characterization and modeling of hard and soft materials.
Research from Ghana reveals that lesser-used biochar application methods, such as spot and ring applications, significantly improve cowpea growth and yield. These methods are more effective than traditional broadcast and incorporation in promoting sustainable soil management.
Research from Southern Cross University found that imidacloprid, a common agricultural pesticide, can impact the feeding behavior of prawns, leading to nutritional deficiency and reduced flesh quality. Sydney rock oysters are also vulnerable to imidacloprid exposure.
Tropical Storm Laura continues to move through the Caribbean Sea, producing heavy rainfall and potentially life-threatening flash flooding. NASA's infrared data reveals powerful storms with cold cloud top temperatures, affecting Jamaica and Cuba.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University found that people's eyes linger less on fake news headlines, spending a bit more time reading factual ones. This discovery could aid in fact-checking and help sort through the oceans of false information.
Researchers developed a neural network to assess stored blood quality, achieving 76.7% agreement with experts in identifying damaged red blood cells. The network outperformed expert predictions when trained using only storage duration.
Research found that frequent use of antimicrobial drugs in early life shifts bacterial profiles in saliva, with azithromycin having the strongest effect on girls. The study also showed that AM use is associated with a decrease in Paludibacter and pathways related to amino acid degradations.
The American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) has published a set of general guidelines for safely returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. The guidelines address various aspects, including clinical manifestations of COVID-19, developing a successful return-to-work policy, and industry-specific guidance.
Researchers discovered a type of long-lived immune cell that can provoke chronic inflammation in IBD patients, leading to abdominal pain and damage. The inflammatory T RM cell subtype may also escape into the bloodstream, affecting other parts of the body.
A study forecasts rates of water-induced soil erosion, finding increased erosion under all climatic conditions across countries. Conservation agriculture is necessary to mitigate future soil erosion and ensure food security, according to the authors.
Researchers studied 66 young adults with major depression, finding aerobic exercise reduced depressive symptoms by 55%, while light-intensity stretching had less effect. People with better reward processing at baseline were more likely to respond to exercise treatment.
A study by the American Psychological Association reveals that ideology is a more significant factor than demographics in determining voter support for politicians. Despite expressing prejudice against minorities and women, voters tend to support conservative candidates who align with their ideologies, regardless of race or sex.
A team of researchers has identified a novel drug target, 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), that activates a protein motor and disrupts biomechanical processes essential to cell motility. In a mouse model, targeting this protein motor reduces the metastasis of colon cancer cells.
Researchers discovered that when the foreign antigen is more flexible, the germinal centre can employ a greater number of evolution strategies to make antibodies that bind foreign but not self-molecules. The study provides new insights for vaccine design and may help address the major roadblock in generating effective HIV vaccines.
Researchers found that social media information can predict various personality traits and attributes, such as extraversion and IQ, using Twitter data. The study's machine learning approach may provide a new way for mental health diagnostics and personalized nudges.
The COVID-19 Health Worker Voices project uses anonymous WhatsApp channel to collect stories and insights from healthcare workers, providing valuable information on challenges, innovations, and coping strategies. Researchers aim to engage frontline workers, give them a voice, and share their experiences to support global health efforts.
Researchers found clear traces of iron-60 in deep-sea sediments dating back 33,000 years, suggesting the Earth has been traveling through a cloud of faintly radioactive dust. The discovery suggests that the solar system may have recently passed through a denser cloud of gas and dust, known as the local interstellar cloud.
Researchers adapted principles of quantum control to calculate alternative interventions for infection and cancer. They developed a mathematical algorithm that can design and speed up specific interventions to prevent or overturn drug resistance, offering a promising approach to defeating drug-resistant diseases.
A recent study proposes a collaborative system architecture that enables MNO-CSP collaboration to improve the performance of advanced 5G applications. By sharing information and resources, CSPs and MNOs can optimize their systems for better agility, flexibility, and efficiency.
Biofuel production from former cropland or pasture yields comparable GHG mitigation to reforestation; future improvements enhance benefits. Advanced biofuels could achieve up to 4 times greater GHG mitigation than reforestation, according to the study.
Researchers have developed two new strategies to automate the assessment of stored red blood cell quality, matching and surpassing expert analysis. Trained machines can analyze vast quantities of images to accurately predict RBC degradation, eliminating human error and improving consistency.
Researchers at the University of Bonn identify a disease mechanism where fat crystals cause immune system hyperreaction, leading to chronic inflammation. The study reveals that deoxysphingolipid crystals disrupt mitochondrial function and activate an inflammatory response in immune cells.
Researchers at MassBiologics discovered a cross-reactive human monoclonal antibody to SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, blocking ACE2 receptor binding and potentially preventing or limiting COVID-19 disease. The antibodies, in the sIgA isotype, exhibited higher binding affinity and neutralization activity than usual circulating IgG antibodies.
A toxicology study found that nonprescribed fentanyl and stimulants were the primary contributors to overdose mortality in BC. Only 8.7% of individuals had taken prescribed opioids, highlighting the need for alternative strategies to address the current overdose crisis.
A recent study found that human-induced climate change is responsible for changes in global average water availability on land during the dry season. The research analyzed data from 1902 to 2014 and showed a reduction in average water availability at a global level, with some regions experiencing increased humidity.
A team of researchers led by Dr. Tanja Wintrich discovered that even Tyrannosaurus rex could have suffered a slipped disc, as ancient reptiles had intervertebral discs similar to those in humans. This finding provides new insights into human spine mobility and medicine.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have developed a cancer vaccine that shows promise in treating gastric, pancreatic, esophageal, and colon cancers. The new vaccine, Ad5.F35, is more effective than the original version due to its ability to evade the immune system's natural defenses.
A new study found that children growing up at higher altitudes experience increased stunting rates, even in ideal-home environments. The research suggests that altitude affects growth during the perinatal period, and highlights the need for targeted health-care guidance and nutrition interventions.
Researchers found yoga significantly improves symptoms and episodes of atrial fibrillation in heart patients. Yoga also shows benefits in anxiety, depression, and daily activities, with notable reductions in blood pressure.
Scientists at Yale University found that flies perceive motion in static images similarly to humans, using a shared strategy for motion detection. By analyzing specific neuron types and behavior, the researchers developed a theory explaining how optical illusions work, which may also apply to human visual systems.
A team of archeologists reconstructed a ancient mammoth ivory carving technology used to create ornaments and sculptures around 24 thousand years ago. The team analyzed microscopic images and chemical composition to identify the tools and techniques used, revealing new insights into Siberian tribes' relationships.
Researchers report a case where a pregnant mother transmitted COVID-19 to her prematurely born baby, highlighting the need to limit exposure for pregnant women. The study adds to evidence that SARS-CoV-2 virus can be transmitted in utero and emphasizes the importance of protecting mothers and newborns.
Researchers at NYU Tandon used a novel approach called 'behavioral teleporting' to study social interactions in live zebrafish. The system allowed them to isolate critical elements of animal behavior and explore predator/prey relationships without posing a risk to the animals.
Researchers at the University of Queensland discovered that neurons can fuse together, disrupting electrical circuits and leading to behavioral impairments in nematode worms. The study provides a novel cause for malfunction of brain's electrical circuits and a possible underlying cause of neurological diseases.