A new study found that dominant male wide-horned hissing cockroaches have larger respiratory systems, allowing them to dominate physical mating battles. This adaptation may enhance their fighting ability and play a crucial role in sexual selection.
A comprehensive analysis identifies risks in smart agriculture and proposes countermeasures to prevent information theft and cyberattacks. The researchers categorized agricultural systems into three modes and proposed six general countermeasures, including technological and physical solutions.
Scientists at Northwestern University have identified a compound that eliminates degeneration of upper motor neurons in ALS, a neurodegenerative disease. After 60 days of treatment, diseased brain cells regain health and function like healthy control neurons.
A University of Missouri engineer has received a $500,000 grant to mass-produce a wearable bioelectronic device capable of detecting COVID-19 and tracking multiple vital signs. The device, which can be customized to fit individual health needs, aims to provide critical information for early detection and potentially save lives.
Researchers discovered that twisted graphene at a 1.1-degree angle produces superconductivity, allowing for efficient electricity transport without resistance. The magic angle creates a moiré effect, trapping electrons and phonons in domains that enable superconducting properties.
Research finds widespread increases in ice speed across the Getz sector, with some ice accelerating into the ocean by nearly 50%. Thirteen glaciers are thinning and flowing more quickly into the ocean, contributing to a total loss of 315 gigatonnes of ice between 1994 and 2018.
A new study reveals that reducing body temperature improves surfactant activity, making it easier for oxygen to enter the lungs. Therapeutic hypothermia could be a potential treatment for ARDS, affecting critical patients worldwide.
Researchers applied game theory to analyze cellular processes, revealing insights into viral behavior and immune system deception. The study provides blueprints for understanding mimicry formation and destruction in cellular populations.
Researchers developed two new rapid diagnostic tests for COVID-19, one to detect variants and another to differentiate with other illnesses. These tests use the CRISPR/Cas9 system and can produce results in under an hour.
A new machine learning approach simulates atom dynamics in materials like aluminum, enhancing computational materials discovery. The automated method uses active learning to iteratively build a diverse training dataset, emulating highly accurate quantum simulations at reduced computational cost.
Researchers predict that Alaska will experience a significant increase in thunderstorms by the end of the century, with storms becoming more frequent and intense, especially in southern regions. This shift is driven by warming temperatures and ice-free waters around Alaska, which will fuel atmospheric moisture.
A third of patients with COVID-19 did not have another health condition before contracting the virus, highlighting the need to protect those with pre-existing conditions. This study suggests that repealing Affordable Care Act protections for pre-existing conditions could further increase health disparities among people of color.
Members from underrepresented groups in German Bundestag are more active in legislative process but tend to move on after few years due to career-related incentives. They often focus on group interests initially, then shift to broader topics for greater power and appeal.
Research in the Lower Gunnison River Basin found that selenium concentrations in fish prey were highest in April and August due to snowmelt and irrigation. This study highlights the importance of considering the timing of exposure to selenium, which can impair development and survival in aquatic species.
A recent study found that enrolling Black patients on the waitlist with slightly better kidney function could reduce racial disparities in transplant access. This approach aims to bridge the gap between Black and white patients' wait times before kidney failure, ultimately promoting greater equality in transplantation.
Purdue University scientists create ROUGHIE, a maneuverable underwater glider that can operate silently and efficiently in shallow seas. The glider's unique design allows it to follow complex paths and explore areas inaccessible to other underwater gliders.
A new study found that kittens with aEPEC bacteria can help understand the disease, and the researchers identified behavioral differences between healthy and sick kittens. The findings point to kittens as a potentially invaluable model for further exploration of aEPEC.
A groundbreaking study aims to create predictive models to monitor and combat epidemics of yellow fever and other mosquito-borne diseases. By analyzing factors such as deforestation, rainfall variations and non-human primate populations, researchers hope to develop models that can predict outbreaks and protect the public.
Researchers found mistletoes can increase photosynthesis to share resources with their hosts, reducing harm to the tree. This strategy allows them to coexist and even benefit birds and pollinators.
A research team at TROPOS and University of Helsinki has discovered that alkanes in fuels produce highly oxygenated compounds that can form organic aerosol and contribute to air pollution. The study uses state-of-the-art measurement technology to demonstrate an efficient autoxidation chain reaction for saturated hydrocarbons.
Research reveals that low-income families in the UK are aware of healthy diets, yet face significant barriers in accessing nutritious food due to financial constraints. The study highlights the need for policies addressing poverty and geographical access to address food insecurity.
A recent UNSW Sydney study pairs satellite imagery with site-based field research to show that removing dingoes leads to overgrazing and reduced soil quality. The effects of dingo removal are visible from space, with vegetation inside the fence having poorer long-term growth than outside.
Researchers at the University of Barcelona have identified small RNAs as a potential therapeutic target for Huntington's disease, which could lead to new treatments and biomarkers. The study reveals that sRNAs play a crucial role in the progression of the disease, including neurotoxicity and neuronal loss.
A genetic tool has been validated to estimate age of onset for aggressive prostate cancer in diverse ethnic/racial groups, with improved performance in men of African ancestry. The polygenic hazard score demonstrated excellent performance across European, Asian, and African genetic backgrounds.
A recent study found that online racism has a significant impact on the mental health of college students of color, even more so than in-person experiences. The study suggests that social media platforms can be a breeding ground for racialized aggressions and assaults, which can lead to real and significant mental health impacts.
People with chronic migraine are more likely to experience depression, anxiety, and sleep problems if they don't get enough exercise. Researchers found that a minimum of two-and-a-half hours of moderate to vigorous exercise per week can reduce migraine triggers.
A new study has discovered a bone fragment in Southeast Alaska that belongs to the oldest confirmed dog in the Americas, dated to around 10,150 years ago. The DNA analysis suggests that the dog's lineage diverged from Siberian dogs around 16,700 years ago, coinciding with human migration along a coastal route.
Researchers from Aalto University designed a video player that saki monkeys can activate on demand, promoting animal welfare and reducing stress. The study found that the animals spent more time watching certain types of videos, such as underwater scenes and worms, and exhibited less scratching behavior when presented with video content.
A new study found that gay men who believe they sound gay are more vigilant about others' reactions and expect acute rejection from heterosexuals. Researchers also discovered that essentialist beliefs regarding voice contribute to prejudice and stigmatization towards gay-sounding men.
The report reviews recent changes in EU research policy, identifies key barriers and enablers for data sharing, and maps the Horizon 2020 dementia research portfolio. Key findings include a need to overcome technical, financial and motivational obstacles to data sharing, as well as involving people with dementia in research design.
A new three-part cancer education curriculum has been created for middle and high school teachers in Appalachia, addressing the region's highest rates of cancer incidence and mortality. The curriculum includes information on cancer data, risk factors, and cultural aspects specific to the region, aiming to increase cancer education in c...
A whole foods, plant-based diet has been shown to ease the symptoms of livedoid vasculopathy, a blood vessel disorder causing painful ulcers on the feet and lower legs. The condition affects mostly women in their 30s, with poor blood flow being a contributing factor.
Researchers found that Huntington's disease worsens due to a degradation of cells' health maintenance systems. The 'Geomic' analysis identified specific gene networks governing molecular pathways that can be targeted to sustain brain cell health.
Researchers have developed a new measurement standard for graphene analysis, allowing for fast and non-destructive quality control. The technique enables the creation of high-quality graphene products with consistent performance, accelerating large-scale production and industrialization.
Researchers found that low-level jets can increase power production by up to 30% when positioned below turbines. Turbines placed above or at the same height as LLJs experience reduced efficiency due to blocked airflow. The study highlights the importance of optimizing turbine height for maximum energy capture.
A new glioma-targeted nano-therapeutic developed by UH researcher Sheereen Majd delivers the highly toxic anti-cancer drug Dp44mT directly to brain tumor cells, reducing toxicity and improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism of resistance to immunotherapy targeting HER2, where cancer cells adopt a strategy to evade clearance by redirected lymphocytes. The study found that disrupting interferon-gamma signaling confers resistance to these immunotherapies, promoting disease progression.
The study revealed that ultrafine particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter play a significant role in haze formation, visibility, and air pollution. The researchers suggest controlling precursor vapors to alleviate the problem.
Children and adolescents exposed to tobacco smoke or living with a smoker may be at higher risk of elevated blood pressure. Researchers found a significant association between tobacco exposure and increased blood pressure in children.
A recent CUHK study has provided a novel understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms behind the function of the blood-CSF barrier. The research team found that SOX9 is essential to prevent leakage of undesired molecules into the cerebrospinal fluid, highlighting its critical role in maintaining brain homeostasis.
A University of Texas at Arlington assistant professor is leading a study on making 'farm to table' more sustainable by examining peri-urban farming in central Iowa. The goal is to produce 50% of Des Moines residents' nutritional needs and reduce environmental impact.
A team of scientists from Ritsumeikan University discovered that Cu-doped zinc sulfide nanocrystals exhibit fast-switching photochromic properties when irradiated by light. The material changes color reversibly in a matter of microseconds, making it suitable for applications such as smart glasses and windows.
A new study finds that eastern forests are more responsive to climate change, with younger trees increasing their seed production. In contrast, older western trees have been less responsive, which could limit their ability to regenerate after diebacks. The study reveals a continental divide in forest responses to climate change.
A study published in Stroke found that propranolol can shrink and stabilize vascular lesions in the brain, potentially treating cerebral cavernous malformations. Researchers administered propranolol to mice with hereditary CCMs, which resulted in fewer and smaller lesions.
Researchers used DNA origami to analyze ultra-fast movements of CRISPR enzymes, enabling them to understand how they recognize target sequences. This technique will help optimize CRISPR for fewer off-target matches and improve gene editing processes.
Researchers found that actively preparing or watching others prepare food increases hunger and eating. Those who watched someone else prepare food or prepared their own nutritious food consumed more than those in the distraction group.
A new study by UT Southwestern scientists reveals distinct characteristics of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and autoimmune encephalitis (AE), which may enable better treatment outcomes for patients. Slight differences in clinical features, lab results, and imaging findings can help distinguish between the two conditions.
A comprehensive genetic study in Qatar identifies genetic associations with 45 clinically relevant traits, shedding new light on the genetic architecture of clinical laboratory tests. The study highlights the importance of further research to define the genetic architecture of diseases in the Middle East region.
Researchers have successfully resolved the 'Missing Ice Problem' by including crustal, gravitational, and rotational perturbations in their model. The new reconstruction reveals that the total mass of Last Ice Age glaciers was 20% smaller and accumulated faster than previously thought.
The study's model analyzes country-sector linkages in the European Union, identifying EU trade partners as the most important linkages for sector growth. Domestic ties are also crucial, but less important than trade agreements.
A medical school professor highlights the importance of empathy in COVID-19 care, prioritizing humanity over statistics for families affected by critical illness. The essay aims to shift the focus from data-driven approaches to compassion and caring in healthcare.
A new protocol aims to identify and measure suicidal ideation in research studies, ensuring participant safety. The protocol uses the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale to score risk levels, triggering interventions such as stopping data collection or contacting mental health resources.
Researchers have developed a new method, Cre-Controlled CRISPR, which combines the benefits of the Cre/lox system and CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors for conditional gene inactivation. This approach allows for faster and easier gene editing with reduced labor needed to flank genes with lox sequences.
A US study suggests that young adults (under 40) perceive COVID-19 risks differently than older generations, with lower perceived risk and fewer preventive measures taken. Effective targeted communication efforts could encourage more risk reduction behaviors among younger generations.
A study of US county-level data finds a strong association between jail incarceration and death rates from various causes, including infectious diseases and chronic respiratory conditions. Reducing jail incarceration is crucial for mitigating its public health harms.
A team of scientists is exploring the use of beneficial bacteria to help corals cope with climate change and bleaching events. By improving the health of coral symbionts, researchers hope to provide a 'medicine' to help corals adapt to changing environmental pressures.
A recent study reveals that international travellers are highly susceptible to virulent strains of drug-resistant bacteria, often acquiring multiple types during a single trip. Researchers found that 70% of European volunteers colonised with MDR-GN bacteria, highlighting the need for improved infection control measures.
The Medical University of Vienna has received the original drawings and materials of the famous Pernkopf Atlas of Anatomy from Elsevier, along with funding for digitization and cataloguing. The donation supports historical reappraisal of the atlas's creation, which used models from executed victims of Nazi justice.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed an algorithm that uses reinforcement learning to automate the prediction of subsurface environments. The algorithm accurately forecasts oil and gas reserves by providing feedback on rewards and penalizing unfavorable predictions.
The new guidelines recommend bringing blood pressure levels down to 120 mmHg systolic in chronic kidney disease patients, benefiting nearly 24.5 million individuals. This update aims to improve blood pressure control among the one in seven people in the US with chronic kidney disease.