New research led by the Singapore-ETH Centre reveals that mangrove conservation and restoration efforts have slowed down deforestation and preserved carbon stocks globally. The study found a 1.8% net loss of mangrove carbon stocks between 1996 and 2016, significantly lower than previous estimates.
The COVID-19 crisis has exposed Australia's National Broadband Network (NBN) shortcomings, with over 1 million households lacking internet access at home. The Flinders University researchers found that the NBN rollout prioritized politics and commerce over equity considerations, leading to unequal access to high-speed broadband services.
Researchers discovered fossil trees on Peru's Central Andean Plateau, revealing a more humid ecosystem than predicted by climate models. The findings support the hypothesis that tectonic uplift occurred in rapid pulses, shaping the region's climate and vegetation.
A new study by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine found that atheists and agnostics sleep better than Catholics and Baptists. 73% of atheists reported getting seven or more hours of sleep per night, compared to 63% of Catholics and 55% of Baptists.
Researchers have discovered a unique binding mode that allows bacteria to stick to cellulose fibers in the human gut, enabling them to withstand shear forces. This breakthrough sheds light on the microbiome and its relationship to human health, with potential applications in bio-based medical superglues.
Adrienne Bryant Godwin receives funding to create a performance project exploring human migration through the eyes of four children. The project aims to reflect on global migration issues using artistic expressions, suitable for audiences aged 10 and older.
A new physiological test for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown promise, accurately identifying 124 of 131 children with ASD regardless of co-occurring medical conditions. The test measures metabolites in a blood sample and predicts diagnosis with minimal impact from other health issues.
The NASA Terra satellite captured an infrared image of cloud top temperatures in Tropical Storm Hernan, showing its final burst of strength. The storm's powerful thunderstorms had coldest cloud top temperatures as low as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit near the center.
A new study from the University of Jyväskylä found that women scoring high in neuroticism reported less physical activity and had lower leisure time physical activity. High extraversion was linked to higher leisure time physical activity in middle-aged women.
A cardiac biomarker was found to have stronger associations with kidney disease progression than blood pressure in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. Higher levels of NTproBNP, urine NGAL, and troponin T were linked to increased rates of CKD progression.
Tropical cyclones are composed of hundreds of thunderstorms, and NASA's Infrared Data Reveals Where the Strongest Storms Are Located. The strongest storms have coldest cloud top temperatures, with some reaching minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit near Iselle's center.
A new study from Oregon State University found that natural disasters alone are not enough to motivate local communities to engage in climate change mitigation or adaptation. Policy change appears to depend on a combination of factors, including fatalities, media coverage, and community politics.
A study of 495 Portuguese adults aged 18-24 found a strong link between smartphone use and feelings of panic, anxiety, and obsession. Researchers discovered that those who experienced nomophobia (fear of being without their phone) scored higher on obsession-compulsion tests.
Researchers develop Salvinia-like slippery surface with stable water/air contact line, exhibiting increased stability against pressure and impact. The surface also enhances the mobility of water drops and reduces hydrodynamic drag.
Researchers used high-resolution models to predict where marine heatwaves will occur and intensify, revealing stark regional variability. The study found intense heatwaves more likely off Tasmania's coast and along the US Gulf Stream's shoreline.
Research suggests children with no COVID-19 symptoms may still shed virus for weeks, making them potential key vectors. The study's findings also highlight the importance of understanding viral shedding in asymptomatic patients and its impact on herd immunity.
Researchers from Iowa State University have discovered that two seemingly unrelated responses in corn plants work together to mitigate damage caused by heat stress. The unfolded protein response and heat shock response, which operate in different parts of plant cells, collaborate to protect the crop from stress.
A new study found that accurately simulating ocean current variations during El Niño events is crucial for reducing climate prediction uncertainty. When models simulate these processes correctly, they show increased asymmetry between El Niño and La Niú, similar to natural climate swings.
A new study found that infants from households with very low food security are more likely to have above-average body mass indices, higher fat levels, and other measures indicating greater obesity risk. This association suggests that household food insecurity may be especially hazardous for infants.
The research reviews recent progress on ridge subduction, a key geological process involved in the generation of arc magmatism, material recycling, and metallogenesis. It highlights the significance of ridge subduction in modern oceanic plate tectonics and identifies areas for future research.
Researchers found that CNOT3 protein silences genes that cause insulin-producing cells to malfunction, leading to diabetes. Knocking out CNOT3 in mice results in the development of diabetes due to the activation of normally silenced genes.
Tropical Depression Laura is generating heavy rain and triggering watches across the eastern U.S., with a risk of tornadoes in parts of Mississippi, Tennessee, and southern Kentucky. The depression is moving east-northeast at 20 mph, expected to continue along the Ohio Valley through tonight.
A new study reveals that climate change could lead to a shift in malaria transmission patterns across Africa, with southern Africa experiencing increases in suitable areas and West Africa seeing decreases. River corridors are identified as year-round hot spots of malaria transmission.
Researchers have developed a groundbreaking process for multi-material 3D printing of lifelike heart valve models, which can be used to improve surgical outcomes in thousands of patients worldwide. The patient-specific organ models include integrated sensors that provide electronic pressure feedback to guide and optimize valve placement.
A large European study shows that combining lipid-lowering therapies can further reduce cholesterol levels and improve health outcomes for high-risk patients. Current clinical guidelines are not always followed in practice, highlighting a need for better cholesterol management across Europe.
Scientists have discovered a way to control the pitch of biopolymers, leading to the creation of structural colors in liquid marbles. The colors change in response to environmental factors such as heat, pressure, or chemicals, making this technology promising for bio-based sensors and soft photonic elements.
Josef Uyeda aims to bridge the gap between short-term evolution studies and long-term outcomes using computational tools and resources. He will analyze existing datasets to understand how species adapt to climate change and extinction.
Researchers developed a saliva-based diagnostic method for COVID-19, detecting more cases than standard nasopharyngeal swab tests. The new approach has several advantages, including reduced need for PPE and trained staff.
Researchers found that host skin and intestinal T cells survive conditioning regimens and continue to perform their normal functions. These T cells can become activated by donor white blood cells, leading to graft-versus-host disease.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University are developing an AI-powered system to automatically identify buildings and assess damage using amateur drone videos. The system, called MSNet, can overlay masks on damaged areas and determine the severity of damage, enabling faster and more accurate damage assessments.
Tropical Storm Maysak formed on August 28 with a quick burst of strength, featuring powerful thunderstorms reaching temperatures as low as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm's cloud tops cooled significantly over the past 6 hours, consolidating its circulation center.
A recent experimental study found that even mild sleep restriction impairs information disclosure during criminal interviews, contradicting widespread assumptions. Sleep-restricted participants provided around 7% less information and reported lower motivation to recall details.
Researchers are combining different types of brain imaging data to capture patterns indicative of brain disorders. The goal is to develop a compact framework to map brain disorders, providing a signature that tells us how mental illnesses impact the brain.
Bentley University researchers are exploring ways to minimize recidivism among the homeless, with a focus on data-driven approaches. The team will leverage partnerships with community organizations and government agencies to develop analytical models and improve triage efforts at shelters.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University developed a sunflower oil-based inhibitor to prevent gas hydrates and pipeline corrosion in the Arctic. The unique reagent showed high efficiency during laboratory tests, offering a budget-friendly solution with biodegradable properties.
A new study from Oregon Health & Science University found that three-quarters of hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder reported using more than one substance. The research highlights the complexity of substance use patterns and suggests that a singular focus on opioids may overlook this issue, particularly among people of color.
A German-Italian research project analyzed artefacts from the Sesselfelsgrotte cave in Lower Bavaria, finding similarities and differences between various types of knives. The researchers concluded that Keilmesser were a reaction to climate change, developed for their long lifespan and multi-functional use.
Research reveals differing preferences for suffixes and prefixes across languages, including African Bantu language Kîîtharaka. English speakers favor suffixes, while Kîîtharaka speakers prefer prefixes.
A survey of nurses caring for children with heart problems found that more than half were emotionally exhausted. Good working environments were linked with less burnout, with an 81% fall in emotional exhaustion when improving the workplace environment was implemented.
Researchers at the University of Bayreuth have developed new biomaterials based on spider silk proteins that prevent colonization by bacteria and fungi, while also aiding human tissue regeneration. These nanostructured materials are ideal for implants, wound dressings, and other medical devices.
A study of 61,751 pregnant women found that frequent indoor insecticide use increased neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy by 1.21 times, while frequent spray or lotion-type repellent use decreased it by 0.70 times. Asian mothers are twice as likely to exhibit jaundice than Caucasians and blacks.
A study by Dr. Stephanie Centofanti and her team found that consuming caffeine before taking a short nap can help counteract sleep grogginess and improve alertness in night shift workers. This 'caffeine-nap' combination shows promise as a fatigue countermeasure for shift workers.
The ESMO Virtual Congress 2020 showcased promising results in triple negative breast cancer, a new class myeloid specific antibody in solid cancer, and health-related quality of life data from a phase 3 immunotherapy study. Keynote lecturers discussed the impact of COVID-19 on patients, oncologists, and healthcare systems.
The Maydan podcast will address various topics and themes across multiple academic disciplines, appealing to both expert and non-expert audiences. A team of scholars from diverse institutions will contribute to the project, leveraging their networks and expertise.
Researchers at McMaster University have identified a small molecule compound that can activate the Wnt pathway in non-Wnt subtypes of medulloblastoma, making these aggressive forms of cancer more responsive to therapies. The study found that activating the Wnt pathway can function as a tumour suppressor in certain contexts.
Researchers at George Mason University will develop machine learning-based spectrum sensing techniques and network visualization architecture for intelligent full-duplex cognitive radio networks. The project, funded by the National Science Foundation, aims to improve efficiency and resource management in wireless communication networks.
Research reveals that losing sleep leads to increased anger and frustration over time. Well-slept individuals adapt better to stressful situations, whereas sleep-restricted individuals exhibit higher anger in response to aversive stimuli.
A new study shows that implant-based breast reconstruction remains stable for both aesthetic and patient-reported outcomes over a 12-year follow-up period. The research contradicts conventional wisdom among surgeons, suggesting that women can expect long-lasting results from this procedure.
Scientists have developed a plasmonic photocatalyst with a nanocavity that accumulates charges, improving the efficiency of water oxidation reactions. The discovery could lead to more efficient conversion of renewable sunlight into useful fuels and chemicals.
Researchers at NIMS and Hokkaido University successfully created a reusable adhesive structure inspired by insect footpads, capable of repeated attachment and detachment. The structure's strength and ease of use vary depending on direction of pull, with potential applications in industrial robots and outdoor equipment.
Researchers are developing a novel, noninvasive method to target and kill cancerous cells in breast tissue using nanoparticles and ultrasound. This approach, nanoparticle-mediated histotripsy (NMH), aims to improve the safety of treatment for metastatic breast cancer patients by reducing harsh side effects associated with chemotherapy....
A new LSU Health study reveals that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor plays a crucial role in the multipronged SARS-CoV-2 attack, leading to widespread COVID-19 infection. The research found high ACE2 expression in various organs and tissues, including the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems.
The COVID-19 pandemic may alter how students and policymakers view neoliberal globalization, favoring more inclusive online education systems. A new generation of 'glocal' citizens is expected to emerge, navigating between local and global identities.
Researchers have created an atomic structure of the peptide-loading complex, a biological nanomachine that loads antigens onto MHC molecules. This allows for detailed molecular dynamics simulations to study its dynamics and mechanism, enabling targeted interventions in immune processes.
Researchers describe various approaches to treating SARS-CoV-2 infection, including immunotherapy and suppression of excessive immune system reaction. Several drugs have shown promise in slowing down the spread of the virus, but no single optimal algorithm has been found yet.
Small-scale poultry farmers in Vietnam quickly sell their birds during viral outbreaks to avoid financial loss, increasing disease transmission. This practice can contaminate other birds and expose consumers to risk.
Scientists at Gladstone Institutes have performed a massive cellular energy audit to understand how cells regulate ATP levels. They identified genes and proteins that can be targeted to manipulate cellular energy and treat disease, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. The study reveals new pathways for boosting cellular en...
Researchers have identified the human immune system's Achilles heel for a new, effective drug against Candida auris. The fungus is especially dangerous for people with compromised immunity and can be resistant to many disinfectants and fungicides.
The discovery reveals alarmins play a crucial role in developing optimal intestinal bacteria diversity, protecting against diseases. Supplementing with these proteins could support newborns with low alarmin levels or limited breast milk exposure.
Biomechanical engineers at Tohoku University developed a formula to describe permeability of rubbed skin. The study found that mechanical rubbing causes gaps in the skin's barrier function and can potentially allow transdermal virus infection. Further research is needed to determine the risk of skin damage from face masks.
The COVID-19 pandemic response is assessed using a Pandemic Index, which categorizes the severity of outbreaks. The article also explores the usefulness of PCR tests and the consequences of herd immunity in mitigating disease spread.
A groundbreaking international research network will study how animals use odor information to guide behavior, aiming to understand the brain's evolution and potential applications in robotics and disease research. The project, led by CU Boulder, will reverse-engineer how the brain interprets odors and activate motor circuits.
Researchers mapped responses of biodiversity to abrupt climate changes in the past to better understand how species and ecosystems will cope with future climate shifts. The study found that some species migrated northward while others became extinct, but many ecosystems can adapt to sudden climate change.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a tiny photonic chip that can fit within the tip of a finger, enabling fast and accurate chemical characterization. The device is capable of detecting various molecules in a sample with a sensitivity 10 times higher than traditional Raman spectroscopy systems.
Michele Greet, Director of Art History Program at George Mason University, has been awarded $60,000 by the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) to research abstract art in the Andes from 1950-1970. The project will explore this overlooked period in the region's artistic history.
A recent study published in Production and Operations Management explores the potential of retail drone delivery to change logistics networks. The research found that drone delivery can enable faster lead times, more profitable delivery customization, and increased demand due to time-sensitive customer needs.
The Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media at George Mason University is receiving a $20,000 grant to build financial resilience in the digital humanities. The project will connect five digital humanities organizations through a yearlong planning exercise focused on sustainable business models.
A Penn State-developed algorithm can spot illicit online pharmacies that sell substandard medications and potentially addictive drugs without a prescription. The system uses web analytics and predictive models to identify bad sites and alert consumers before they make a purchase.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory used a tungsten isotope to study the erosion and contamination of plasma in fusion reactors. The experiments aimed to understand how tungsten can be used to armor the reactor without contaminating the plasma, which is essential for achieving sustainable fusion energy.
Researchers at Portland State University used cryo-electron microscopy to image connexin-46/50 membrane proteins at an unprecedented level of resolution, revealing new insights into their structure and function. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more effective targeted treatments for diseases.
A new palliative care model, known as Short-Term Integrated Palliative Care (SIPC), has been shown to improve quality of life for patients with long-term neurological conditions while reducing costs. The study found no significant difference in patient-reported outcomes between SIPC and standard care.
Scientists discovered that transposable elements influence human brain development by partnering with two specialized proteins known as Krép-el-associated box-containing zinc finger proteins. These partnerships regulate gene expression in neurons and influence the development and function of adult organs.
A study of nearly 3 million Americans found that influenza and pneumonia vaccinations significantly reduced hospital death rates among patients with heart failure. Vaccination coverage remains low, but the study's findings support annual immunizations for patients with heart failure to prevent respiratory infections.
Men with untreated high blood pressure have poorer penile blood flow than those with normal blood pressure, but treatment reverses the effect. The study also found that certain medications can worsen erectile dysfunction in men with normal or high-normal blood pressure.
Researchers found that exposure-based therapy was more effective in reducing symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), while stress-reduction therapy showed better results for those with lower brain activation in certain areas. The study aims to develop a personalized treatment approach for OCD, which may help improve therapy ou...