Researchers develop new machine learning methods to predict polymeric carbon nitride compounds suitable for sustainable photocatalytic water splitting. This process splits water into hydrogen and oxygen without using rare earths or expensive metals.
A Montana State University researcher contributed to a novel project that sequenced the genome of the tuatara, a reptile referred to as a 'living fossil.' The study reveals ancient features of amniote evolution and provides insights into human genetic lineage.
Research findings suggest poor hygiene is a significant risk factor for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria colonization. The study also highlights the importance of improving sanitation and hygiene practices to reduce the spread of AMR infections.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study found that pregnant women face significant challenges accessing opioid treatment, including limited provider availability and high out-of-pocket costs. The study calls for policymakers to intervene and establish systems for timely access to life-saving medications.
A study finds that exchange and correlation effects significantly impact the electron mobility of Na3Bi, leading to unexpectedly fast conduction electrons. The research uses a scanning-tunnelling microscope technique to map the electronic structure in the material.
A new study from the University of Illinois reveals a significant decline in US bird biodiversity related to neonicotinoid use, particularly affecting grassland birds. The research found a 2.2% decline in grassland bird populations for every 100 kg increase in neonicotinoid usage per county.
A recent study analyzed data from over 77,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients to understand the impact of pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities or risk factors on clinical outcomes. The results show that these patients are more likely to develop cardiovascular complications and die from COVID-19 infection.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center found that some commercially available serological tests only detect N-protein antibodies, which may not indicate immunity to reinfection. S-RBD antibody detection is considered a better indicator of protection against COVID-19 reinfection.
The project aims to improve Next Generation Science Standards by developing a technological ecosystem that enables students to create, test, and compare their own ideas about science. The funding will focus on sixth- and seventh-grade science, but the results will be adaptable to other age groups.
Researchers developed a new family of polymers that can self-heal, have shape memory, and are recyclable. The materials can be fine-tuned to achieve softness like rubber or strength like load-bearing plastics, making them suitable for realistic prosthetics, soft robotics, and military applications.
The study introduces a new type of composite membrane with a polystyrene surface layer that increases its resistance to aggressive media. The developed dynamic membranes show high separation efficiency for emulsions and can be reused by replacing the contaminated surface layer, making them suitable for liquid waste treatment.
Eduardo Lopez Atencio and his collaborators are analyzing agent search methods in a constrained network environment to help the US Army workforce stay focused on strategic goals. This analysis will be applied to forecast workforce behaviors across an extended planning horizon.
A new study reveals that European migratory bird populations are most affected by changes in climate on breeding grounds, while land cover changes have a greater impact on their migration routes. The research highlights the importance of considering multiple factors in conservation efforts to mitigate population declines.
The American Chemical Society's 'Talented 12' program recognizes early-career researchers tackling difficult global challenges. This year's class includes innovators in chemistry, biobased building blocks, and faster reagents. They will be featured in this week's issue of CEN.
Tropical Storm Josephine is being affected by southwesterly wind shear, which is pushing clouds and precipitation to the northeast of its center. This wind shear is expected to continue, potentially affecting the storm's trajectory and weakening it over the next couple of days.
A two-year study found that fungal spores of Colletotrichum fioriniae, the cause of bitter rot disease, reside symbiotically within apple leaves. The research suggests that the fungus is a leaf endophyte, with most spores coming from forest samples, and has important implications for fruit tree management.
A team of Harvard researchers found that image-processing circuits in the primary visual cortex are more active when animals move, suggesting a complex relationship between vision and movement. The study's results offer new insights into how neural activity works in sensory regions of the brain.
A German-Argentinean doctoral program has borne its first fruits with a joint publication in the renowned journal Plant Physiology. Dr. Regina Mencia's research on increasing plant resistance to pathogens via the salicylic acid pathway has shown promising results.
A new study from the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology has reconstructed a tuberculosis genome from the calcified lungs of a 17th-century bishop, supporting the idea that TB emerged within the last 6,000 years. The discovery sheds light on the origins of TB and challenges the prevailing assumption about its global distribution.
Scientists have identified a small molecule that successfully inhibits influenza A, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 in tissue culture and mice by blocking the interaction of AP2M1 with viral proteins. This finding suggests a possible broad-spectrum antiviral therapy to treat various viruses.
A recent study from Brigham and Women's Hospital found no association between the number of in-person health care visits and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among pregnant patients. The study, which analyzed data from over 3,000 women who delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggests that necessary in-person care can be safely performed.
A three-year intervention in southern Mozambique averted almost 40,000 malaria cases and reduced disease transmission by 85%. Despite this drastic reduction, the study finds that disease transmission was not interrupted, highlighting the need for new strategies to achieve elimination.
Scientists are using a High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES) and iSHELL/IRTF to observe the newly discovered planet AU Mic, aiming to disentangle its radial velocity signal from stellar activity. This will allow for precise calculations of the planet's orbital parameters and mass.
A new mathematical procedure minimizes the sign problem in quantum Monte Carlo method, reducing computational time for solid-state systems. This approach enables faster development of materials with special spin properties.
Researchers identified ebselen's binding activity to SARS-CoV-2 main protease, suggesting its potential as a treatment. The distant binding site may provide an alternative target for repurposed drugs.
The study completes the genome assembly of F. oxysporum f.sp. lini, a highly destructive fungal parasite infecting flax. This milestone contributes to the development of resistant crop varieties and aids in eliminating plant disease outbreaks.
Researchers at University of Jyväskylä and University of Ottawa developed a novel magnetic compound with pancake bond, improving magnetic properties at elevated temperatures. The design strategy paves the way for new single-molecule magnets with potential applications in spintronics and quantum computers.
NASA-NOAA satellite imagery reveals the development of Tropical Storm Josephine, which formed from Tropical Depression 11. The storm is expected to continue moving west-northwest and strengthen over the next 48 hours.
A new study published in Radiology found an alarming rise in intimate partner violence (IPV) during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a significant increase in physical injuries and severe signs of abuse. The study suggests that victims may have delayed seeking care due to fear of COVID-19.
The 'Madsen' wheat cultivar exhibits excellent resistance to various diseases and stresses, contributing to its widespread success in the Pacific Northwest. Its impact has been felt globally, with researchers using it as a parent in breeding programs to protect wheat crops from numerous threats.
Researchers have developed a framework to reconcile discrepancies in ancient sea surface temperature estimates and climate model results. By accounting for location-biased paleoclimate data, scientists can better reconstruct global climate conditions in the past and improve predictions of future climate scenarios.
Researchers found that primates have evolved larger, more variable larynges with faster adaptation rates compared to carnivores. This difference is linked to vocal communication systems, suggesting a key role for the larynx in primate behavior.
Researchers at Penn State have discovered that cover crop roots play a crucial role in increasing soil organic carbon levels and promoting biodiversity. The study found that diverse mixtures of cover crops resulted in increased root biomass and improved soil carbon inputs.
Scientists from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute have discovered a new species of mud-shrimp, Strianassa lerayi anker, and a highly mobile clam, in Panama's Coiba National Park. The discovery is part of a larger project to better understand the role of microbes in shaping tropical ecosystems.
A new federal rule leaves millions of miles of unconnected US streams and acres of wetlands unprotected, potentially undermining decades of taxpayer investment in improving water quality. The move risks higher floods, loss of biodiversity, and threats to drinking water and recreational fishing.
A study found that 11.4% of second-opinion radiology reports were ignored by clinicians, with sonography and pediatrics having the highest rates. The cost of these ignored reports could be substantial, estimated at €53,700 or approximately $63,427.
Xin Ning, a Penn State aerospace engineer, has received a National Science Foundation grant to develop a stretchable sensor and foldable field hospital to aid in the COVID-19 pandemic. The wearable sensor will monitor vital signs while being flexible and wire-free.
Researchers found that household contacts had a 1 in 10 chance of infection, while asymptomatic patients were less likely to infect close contacts. Patients with severe disease were more likely to spread COVID-19 to their close contacts.
Elida has been downgraded to a post-tropical cyclone due to the absence of strong thunderstorms. The National Hurricane Center notes that without warm sea surface temperatures, organized deep convection will not return, making this the final advisory on Elida.
The University of Rochester is leading a new initiative to understand matter under extreme pressures, with potential implications for understanding planets and stars. Researchers will explore four main areas, including the behavior of hydrogen and helium, element reactions, energy transport, and direct astrophysical implications.
Researchers developed novel variants of adeno-associated viral (AAV) capsids with improved transduction properties in the mouse retina and cornea. The efficient gene delivery of these variants was confirmed in non-human primate tissue, adding to their potential use in treating human ocular diseases.
Research published in BMJ Military Health finds a strong association between heavy class A drug use and sight loss among US military personnel. Those with military experience are more likely to use illicit drugs and report partial or total blindness than civilians.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have discovered how quickly certain pre-cancerous lesions can form on the DNA of our skin when exposed to sunlight, a finding that could lead to more effective prevention methods. The research reveals that these mutations can form in as little as three picoseconds after exposure to UV light.
A recent study suggests that remote work can be beneficial for postdoctoral researchers, enabling them to overcome financial and family constraints. By leveraging digital tools and establishing transparent communication channels, remote research can facilitate collaboration, reduce stress, and promote productivity. This shift in perspe...
Researchers have found that male seahorses transport nutrients to their developing babies during pregnancy, a complex process similar to human pregnancy. This breakthrough provides new insights into the biology of seahorse pregnancy and its potential parallels with human reproduction.
Researchers found that seasonal flu vaccination boosts antibody-producing cells, but most are lost within a year. The study suggests longer-lasting 'universal' flu vaccines and improved vaccine design could address this issue.
A new study estimates that 350,000 people globally died from smokeless tobacco-related illnesses in 2020, up from an estimated 258,000 in 2017. The researchers are urging governments to regulate the production and sale of smokeless tobacco products.
A new study reveals that the occipital cortex is essential for guiding involuntary attention to prioritize visual information. Researchers used transcranial magnetic stimulation to disrupt cortical excitability in this region, finding that it eliminates behavioral benefits and costs at attended and unattended locations.
Increasing crop diversity in landscapes with high proportions of semi-natural habitats increases the diversity of beneficial insects like pollinators and ground beetles. This benefit was only observed in landscapes with both high crop diversity and semi-natural habitat cover.
A new study from UC Davis found that mixed-breed dogs weighing over 44 pounds are at higher risk for joint disorders if neutered before 1 year of age. The study suggests that dog owners should consider their options carefully when deciding whether to spay or neuter their pet.
A team at University of Toronto Engineering has developed a method to inject healthy cells into damaged eyes, showing promise for treating forms of vision loss. Co-injection of retinal pigmented epithelium and photoreceptor cells improved vision acuity in mouse model, with restored activity in dark chambers.
Researchers found 24 diverse species feeding on snowshoe hare carcasses, challenging previous thought of food webs. The study revealed prey species' impact on both direct predators and scavengers, highlighting the complex role of scavenging in ecosystems.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered that inhibiting the PHD3 enzyme improves mouse exercise capacity, running distance, and VO2 max. This finding sheds light on a key mechanism for fat metabolism and offers clues toward understanding muscle function and fitness.
A team of scientists calls for a prioritized list of what should be conserved from a scientific, economic, social and environmental perspective. The current biobanking infrastructure is 'fragmented and not prepared' to handle the rapid advancement of microbiome research.
A new study reveals that half of those who have opened a health savings account haven't put money into it in the past year. Those with lower levels of education and health insurance literacy are less likely to open or contribute to an HSA.
Researchers develop innovative method to fabricate high performance lenses in monolayer two dimensional transitional metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) material using femtosecond laser. The lens provides subwavelength resolution and high efficiency, enabling diffraction-limited imaging.
A new neurofeedback approach, Decoded Neurofeedback (DecNef), has been explored in a preclinical study to treat chronic pain. The study found that DecNef enhances the brain's natural ability to control pain by boosting the 'endogenous pain control system', which is often dysfunctional in chronic pain patients.
Researchers developed a rapid molecular test called N1-STOP-LAMP that can diagnose SARS-CoV-2 with 100% accuracy in just 20 minutes. The test uses a portable machine and is highly efficient, making it suitable for settings with limited testing capabilities.
A trio of Danish researchers warn that lockdowns could lead to an explosion in obesity rates due to increased consumption of high-energy foods and decreased physical activity. The study highlights the need for counter strategies to promote healthy eating habits and physical activity while combatting COVID-19.
A study conducted at the University of Jyväskylä found that older adults who reported attractive destinations more than 500 meters away were more physically active. This suggests that having diverse and quality neighborhood destinations may support older adults' physical activity, contrary to common assumptions.