A UMBC researcher is exploring the effects of two key HIV prevention drugs in colon tissue, seeking to understand why they work better for some people than others. The study aims to provide knowledge that could lead to better dosing strategies and improved formulations, making PrEP more effective.
Researchers developed a new approach using NASA's PACE satellite data to observe fall colors, producing detailed leaf color maps and tracking changes. The study improves traditional greenness indices by identifying precise markers of the end of the growing season.
Researchers from UMBC discover that inputs from the dorsal and ventral hippocampus interact closely on the same neurons in the nucleus accumbens, integrating memories of places and contexts with drive to pursue rewards. This convergence may help animals form associations between rewarding outcomes and environments, essential for survival.
Researchers will investigate how HIV and cancer drugs damage brain cells over time, identifying potential early biomarkers of neurotoxicity. They will use human brain organoids grown in the lab to mimic brain physiology.
A study from UMBC reveals a conserved RNA-protein interaction as a promising target for broad-spectrum enterovirus antivirals. The researchers found that a fusion protein called 3CD recruits proteins to assemble the replication complex, and targeting this interface could lead to universal drugs.
A team at the University of Maryland Baltimore County has extracted six fundamental units of motion called mudras from classical Indian dance to teach robots how to use their hands. The research could improve robot hand control and develop better tools for physical therapy.
The book, 'Understanding the Tree of Life,' offers a fresh perspective on evolution as a continuous, branching process where all organisms are interconnected cousins. It challenges outdated views that place humans at the pinnacle of evolution or label certain species as primitive, emphasizing shared traits alongside unique adaptations.
Researchers at University of Maryland Baltimore County harness quantum computing to address train delays, achieving promising results on hybrid tram-rail networks. Current NISQ quantum devices can solve large-scale transportation scheduling problems but require more advanced hardware.
Researchers are decoding animal decision-making using glass knifefish, exploring the trade-off between gathering information and acting on it. The study, funded by the NIH, aims to understand how animals make decisions in uncertain environments and may lead to breakthroughs in robotics and medicine.
A new study using NASA's PACE satellite data established a novel method to determine global plant productivity. The technique relies on the light plants reflect, allowing for accurate capture of short-term changes. This approach has significant implications for understanding carbon sequestration, climate change, and ecosystem monitoring.
Researchers at UMBC developed a new way to predict 2D materials that could transform the electronics industry. Using a mix of data mining, computer modeling, and structural analysis, they predicted 83 possible new materials with desirable properties.
A new dataset doubles documented stream miles in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, allowing for more accurate characterization of water flow and land use. The high-resolution data will help prioritize restoration projects, such as streamside tree plantings and pollutant filtering.
Researchers at the University of Maryland Baltimore County have made an important discovery about how cells move through tissues, combining mathematical modeling with advanced imaging to show that physical shape and chemical signals interact. The study's findings could inform new strategies for controlling cell movement via medical tre...
Researchers studied corona features on Venus' surface, finding signs of tectonic activity and buoyant mantle material beneath them. This discovery suggests ongoing processes driving coronae formation, potentially similar to Earth's past.
Astronomers have observed a phenomenon where a supermassive black hole forms plasma jets in real-time, marking the first-ever observation of this process. The discovery provides new insights into how black holes interact with their host galaxies and could help scientists understand the evolution of the universe.
A new study published in Nature found that up to 215 million hectares of land in tropical regions around the world has the potential to naturally regrow, storing 23.4 gigatons of carbon over 30 years. The study identified areas with high regrowth potential based on factors such as soil quality and proximity to existing forest.
A new study in ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science investigates the molecular mechanisms behind Efavirenz's negative effects on brain function. The research reveals that the drug alters lipid metabolism and downregulates certain enzymes, which could lead to the development of new drugs to block its negative activity.
Researchers at UMBC have created a new material for storing energy in devices, outperforming traditional lithium-ion batteries. The material uses twisted single-walled carbon nanotubes to store up to three times more energy per unit mass than advanced batteries.
Researchers discovered underlying sex differences in molecular pathways driving reward-related behaviors, which could lead to more effective treatments for mental health disorders. The study found that females use a different channel for calcium ions and an estrogen receptor to strengthen connections between brain regions.
Researchers found that mycorrhizal fungi form mutually beneficial relationships with plant roots, improving juvenile survival and promoting species diversity. The study suggests that these symbiotic relationships between plants and fungi may play a role in driving global patterns of forest tree diversity associated with latitude.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the enzyme SMYD3's involvement in prostate cancer's progression to a more aggressive stage. The study found that adding methyl groups to the MAP kinase protein is likely SMYD3's role in driving metastasis, and compounds that can inactivate SMYD3 are already available
Erle Ellis, professor of geography and environmental systems, argues that human societies have developed unprecedented capabilities to scale up and transform ecological systems. However, these advancements often come with negative environmental consequences, such as climate change and species extinctions.
A new study using CALET data finds evidence for nearby, young sources of cosmic ray electrons, contributing to a greater understanding of the galaxy. The study suggests that these high-energy electrons originate in supernova remnants, offering insights into the galaxy and its sources.
Researchers observed a satellite bacteriophage consistently attaching to a helper bacteriophage at its neck, revealing a new viral relationship. The discovery suggests that this system may be more common than previously thought and could have significant implications for understanding the evolution of viruses.
A new study reveals that many hospitals fail to accurately post their standard charges online, with significant discrepancies found when comparing phone prices. The research compared prices for vaginal childbirth and brain MRI at 60 US hospitals and found missing data for over half of the hospitals.
A new study used underwater cameras to assess oyster reef habitats across 12 tributaries in the Chesapeake Bay, finding that unharvested reefs and restored reefs had more complex structures. The results showed an upward trend in habitat scores over time, with unharvested and restored reefs maintaining higher habitat scores consistently.
A UMBC team of data scientists has won a $4 million DARPA grant to develop an online tool called Caselet, designed to enhance learners' data science problem-solving skills. The platform uses AI-augmented feedback and self-paced practice to coach users through real-world data science case studies.
Researchers developed a novel method combining satellite imagery and bioacoustic data to monitor bird species on cropfields, finding larger habitat areas and greater variety in texture are associated with more bird species overall. However, grassland birds relying solely on the habitat for their life cycle seem to benefit less.
Researchers discovered that black hole jets exhibit surprising variability in x-ray emissions over short time scales, contradicting a long-held theory. This finding opens up new possibilities for understanding particle acceleration in these jets and potentially elsewhere in the universe.
The new AI system, AI-Descartes, combines theory and data to discover scientific equations, reproducing key parts of Langmuir's Nobel Prize-winning work. It also rediscovered Kepler's third law of planetary motion and approximated Einstein's relativistic time-dilation law.
A multidisciplinary research team has developed a promising virus-fighting protein using a quick, portable process that could be easily deployed at the source of a future virus outbreak. The protein, Griffithsin, disables a wide range of viruses, including COVID-19, and can be manufactured without living cells.
A new computational technique analyzes bacterial genetic sequences to monitor the spread of antibiotic resistance over time. The study found that resistance genes most likely to spread are those on conjugative plasmids and targeting specific antibiotics, with many coming from a single source.
The study reveals that enzyme ATE1 enhances activity upon binding iron-sulfur clusters and is sensitive to oxygen, moderating the cell's response to oxidative stress. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic targets for diseases tied to chronic cellular stress.
The NSF Convergence Accelerator program invests $11M in solutions for vulnerable communities, with UMBC's Lauren Clay awarded $624K to develop the Food Index for Resilience. This index will measure food system functioning in communities and support disaster response and recovery.
Researchers at the University of Maryland Baltimore County have discovered that some viruses can sense their environment and
A new study reveals that droughts in the Amazon rainforest can lead to a ripple effect, causing widespread damage and biodiversity loss. The research team used network analysis to understand the complex workings of the forest's moisture recycling system.
A new study used satellite data to determine the effect of fuel regulations on sulfur pollution from cargo ships. The research team found significant changes in pollution after regulations went into effect, and their data can contribute to understanding how pollutants interact with clouds and affect global temperatures.
A new study analyzing data from 1,621 US hospitals found that self-pay ER facility fees vary widely, with median prices ranging from $161 to $1,097. Hospitals in areas with higher poverty rates tend to have lower cash prices for ER facility fees.
Research by UMBC finds that tree plantations in the tropics are degrading biodiversity hotspots, damaging ecosystems like grasslands, and encroaching on protected areas. The study reveals that up to 92% of new tree plantations were in biodiversity hotspots.
A new study identifies key facts about global land use, highlighting opportunities for a more sustainable and equitable approach. The study's findings emphasize the need for policymakers to consider trade-offs between competing benefits and prioritize value judgments when making land use decisions.
Researchers at University of Maryland Baltimore County have developed a novel approach to modifying nanoparticles' surfaces to provide infusions with reduced negative reaction risks. By changing the core material, they reduced markers associated with infusion reactions, improving the effectiveness and safety of life-saving medications.
New research published in PNAS suggests that community-based monitoring can improve water management in rural Costa Rica by reducing groundwater extraction and improving water quality. The program, which used a smartphone application and WhatsApp, showed modest but significant effects after one year.
A new study suggests that carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen cosmic rays travel through the galaxy toward Earth in a similar way, but iron arrives differently. Scientists believe this could indicate unique sources or propagation methods for different elements.
A new study reveals that most areas depicted as 'untouched' were actually inhabited and used by human societies for thousands of years, sustaining native biodiversity. The research supports empowering Indigenous peoples and local communities to promote long-term environmental stewardship and conservation.
A new study led by the University of Maryland Baltimore County estimates the Bahama Oriole population at 1300-2800 individuals, suggesting a much larger number than previously believed. The research reveals that pine forest is an important habitat for the birds, contrary to earlier findings.
Researchers at UMBC developed an AI technique to quickly analyze extensive Arctic ice data, enabling faster prediction of climate change trends. This tool allows scientists to make more accurate predictions on sea level rise and melting rates.
A new study by UMBC physicists finds that black hole jets primarily release energy in the molecular torus, rather than the broad-line region. This resolves a decades-long debate on jet formation and structure, offering clues to how jets initially form and dissipate energy.
New computational research by UMBC's Can Ataca and Daniel Wines predicts desirable properties of new 2D materials, saving experimental researchers time and money. The study focuses on group III nitrides, identifying stable alloys with tunable electric and thermoelectric properties.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have developed a cost-effective way to detect security threats in vehicle networks using graph-based anomaly detection techniques. This simple method requires less energy than machine learning or AI methods and can be easily adapted by car manufacturers.
Researchers at University of Maryland Baltimore County identified three coordinated pathways in filamentous fungi responding to cell wall stress. By understanding how cells work and respond to stress, scientists can develop new processes for improving crop quality and creating pharmaceuticals.