A new study reveals that palaeolithic hunter-gatherers on Cyprus are responsible for the disappearance of two species of megafauna: dwarf elephants and hippos. The research suggests that these small human populations could have driven both species to extinction due to their hunting practices.
The RECHARGE project aims to evaluate EV charging station resiliency in extreme weather events and develop technologies to provide reinforcement. The researchers will analyze real outage data from multiple locations to assign resilience scores to each charging station, helping determine which ones need reinforcement.
Researchers at the University of Barcelona have identified a potential new strategy to slow the development of liver fibrosis. Activating the PPARβ/δ-AMPK pathway has been found to prevent collagen accumulation and reduce inflammation in the liver, according to a study published in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.
A new study published in Radiology journal reveals that advanced 3D mammography detects breast cancer earlier and less often results in false positives compared to traditional digital mammography. This improved detection rate has significant implications for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A pilot study found that ultra-low-dose ketamine can reduce or eliminate withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting fentanyl, enabling patients to transition to buprenorphine treatment. The treatment was successful in 16 out of 37 patients who completed the transition, with 92% remaining in treatment for at least 30 days.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center has joined ReVAMPP, a $100 million program to develop vaccines and antibody therapies against emerging viral threats. The center will focus on nine virus groups that pose the greatest risk to human health, including bunyaviruses and picornaviruses.
Researchers used body-worn camera footage to study changes in police behavior after procedural justice training, finding a significant increase in respectful communication techniques with drivers of all races. Post-training stops were twice as likely to use formal titles and express concern for the driver's safety.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that the public only discovers 58% of decoy dolphin carcasses, suggesting a higher number may be dying but not reported. The results point to habitats where staff should focus their efforts and highlight the importance of accurate estimates for understanding cause-specific deaths.
A recent study found that hospitals with standardized data governance platforms were 47% less likely to be breached. The research proposes building enterprise-wide data analytics platforms to manage data sharing among diverse systems, simplifying the system and reducing breaches. Practitioners should embrace IT complexity as long as it...
A new definition of marine identity has been agreed upon by an international group of researchers, which could help restore society's relationship with the ocean. The concept emphasizes how the ocean supports our sense of self and is rooted in traditions, customs, and dependency on the sea for recreation and livelihoods.
A study found NYCHA residents experience frequent electrical, elevator, heat, hot water, and water outages, averaging 94 daily elevator outages. The duration of these outages has not improved over time, posing health risks to vulnerable populations such as seniors and those reliant on electricity-powered medical devices.
A new study presented at ECTRIMS 2024 reveals that initiating monoclonal antibody therapy during childhood can lead to improved long-term outcomes for children with MS. The research showed a substantially lower risk of progressing to higher disability levels in the early treatment group, particularly in moderate disability range.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have made a significant step in understanding the fundamental constraints on noise, paving the way for future nanoelectronics. The study investigated thermoelectric heat engines at the nanoscale and found a critical trade-off between noise and power.
Physicists from Amsterdam and Copenhagen suggest that a careful analysis of merging black hole pairs' gravitational waves could reveal the existence of new ultralight bosons. This process, called superradiance, provides an opportunity to probe these particles, which may resolve puzzles in astrophysics and particle physics.
Researchers at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology developed a densely functionalized polymeric binder for high-performance lithium and sodium-ion batteries. The new material showed exceptional electrochemical performance, high capacities, and great cycle stability.
Researchers have developed a new technique to study anisotropic materials, capturing full complexity of light behavior in these materials. The method revealed detailed insights into how light scatters differently along various directions within materials, allowing retrieval of scattering tensor coefficients.
Pioneer plants facilitate other plant species through resource sharing, while also benefiting from the interaction. Over time, as more species grow, competition increases, and pioneers become disadvantaged.
Researchers at HSE University developed mathematical models to predict impact of nuclear power on Sustainable Development Index. Increasing nuclear power share to 20-25% could boost SDI, but scenarios with slower growth or reduction lead to lower increases.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered a way to harness bacteria's natural molecule-building capacities to generate vast libraries of DNA-protein hybrid molecules. This breakthrough enables the creation of precision drugs that can interrupt disease-promoting processes in cells.
Regular moderate coffee or caffeine intake is associated with a lower risk of new-onset cardiometabolic multimorbidity. The study found that moderate consumption could play an important protective role in almost all phases of CM development.
A study analyzing data from the Health Survey for England found that people living in areas of high deprivation are likely to have worse health than those in less deprived areas, even when reporting their own health as 'poor'. This could lead to underestimation of health inequalities and inaccurate allocation of resources.
A study found that employees who reduced private smartphone use by an hour a day showed improved work satisfaction, motivation, and mental health. The intervention also led to decreased depressive symptoms and increased feelings of control.
A Cornell University-led research team found that using a technique called 'cultural prompting' reduces bias in large language models like ChatGPT for over 100 countries. The approach involves specifying a cultural identity directly in prompts, adapting to different cultural norms and values.
A new study found that patients who initiated treatment for opioid use disorder through a telehealth mobile app had higher retention rates over six months compared to those in physical clinics. The study's results suggest that telehealth may be an effective alternative to traditional office-based treatment.
Scientists have created an artificial motor that converts chemical energy into rotational energy at the supramolecular level, mimicking the movement of primitive bacteria. The new development has potential applications in nanorobots for detecting tumor cells and could lead to innovative medical treatments.
Researchers found that humorous comic strip cartoons increased likelihood of agreeing to take a quiz on personal risk for colon cancer. Exposing people to funny content reduced information avoidance, making them more likely to choose to watch a video about colorectal cancer prevention.
Researchers developed an EHR-based screening for IPV, which prioritized confidentiality and was 10 times more effective than traditional oral screening. This approach helped normalize IPV screening and improved patient comfort in reporting their experiences.
A new study found that individuals with eating disorders have a higher risk of death and poor health outcomes due to abnormal electrolyte levels. The research, led by ICES and The Ottawa Hospital, included over 6,000 individuals with an eating disorder, revealing that 32% had abnormal electrolyte levels.
A new study reveals that a group of highly divergent mammals, including Afrotheria and distantly related, ecologically very similar mammals, independently evolved similar inner ear shapes. This suggests that neutral (non-adaptive) evolution may be more important in shaping inner ear morphology than previously thought.
A new study reveals that Antarctic krill can lock away similar levels of carbon as key coastal habitats like seagrasses and mangroves. The research shows that krill store around 20 million tonnes of carbon annually, equivalent to a significant value in terms of carbon storage.
A study found that people underestimates the income of the world's richest individuals, even as their share of national income increases. The authors suggest that this phenomenon, known as scope insensitivity, may contribute to the disparity.
A new study from the University of Georgia finds that economic conditions, especially in disadvantaged communities, contribute to lower volunteering rates. The research suggests that rural areas with higher levels of economic inequality were less likely to volunteer.
A new study finds nearly half of northern Central America is suitable for growing coca, a lucrative cash crop. The region's favorable climate and soil conditions make it an attractive location for criminal groups seeking to expand their operations.
The new center aims to provide state-of-the-art genomic services to patients with difficult-to-diagnose diseases, aiming to shed light on undiagnosed conditions and uncover rare variations of more common diseases. The grant will enable the provision of advanced diagnostic services to alleviate the burden of these disorders.
A team of researchers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope found more black holes than previously reported in the early universe. The new result sheds light on how supermassive black holes were created and can help scientists understand galaxy evolution.
A large-scale study will enroll 1,000 patients with acute Lyme disease to identify causes of prolonged symptoms. The research team aims to shed light on why some return to good health and others develop debilitating symptoms.
Laura Cabrera's research aims to develop a patient-centered decision aid to help guide patients, providers, and caregivers navigate neurotechnology treatments like deep brain stimulation. The project seeks to enhance shared decision-making processes, ensuring that treatments align with individual values and preferences.
A new study reveals that possum shrimp rely on distinctive chemical cues from their underwater caves to find their way back. Researchers found that each cave had a unique water-borne odor bouquet, which helped the shrimp navigate between them.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a new method to generate extremely short, powerful ion pulses for controlled analysis of material surfaces. These pulses can be used to observe chemical processes in real-time, providing insights into surface physics and chemistry on a picosecond time scale.
Researchers developed a breakthrough nanoparticle technology that offers an effective solution to diagnose and treat atherosclerosis in a non-invasive manner. The innovative theranostic approach can target atherosclerotic plaques and deliver therapeutic agents directly to inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis.
Researchers at the University of Michigan found that US auto plants producing battery electric vehicles have required a larger workforce than traditional internal combustion engine plants. The study revealed that assembly jobs increased by up to 10 times during the ramp-up stages of transitioning to full-scale EV production, with one p...
A new study by UN University scientists reveals persistent gender disparities in the global water workforce, with women underrepresented in leadership and decision-making roles. The researchers emphasize the need to close the gender data gap to ensure effective water management and inclusive governance.
A recent study found that national politics predominantly use abstract, moralized, and power-centric language, lacking local common ground. This shift is thought to fuel partisan animosity and provoke anger.
A new NIH-funded project aims to address gene therapy's ethical and policy challenges, gathering information from experts in six domains. The study will provide recommendations for addressing these challenges, with implications for patient safety and health outcomes.
Aging brains struggle to clear out outdated information, leading to slower processing and more frequent forgetfulness. Beta-band neural oscillations play a crucial role in regulating working memory, with older adults showing a stronger link between these oscillations and their ability to delete irrelevant information.
Researchers at Binghamton University discovered that water anoles produce a special bubble over their nostrils to breathe underwater and evade predators. The study found that the bubble serves a functional role in respiration, allowing lizards to stay submerged for longer periods.
Researchers discover cancer cells rely on sphingolipids for immune evasion and signaling. The findings suggest targeting lipid production could enhance existing immunotherapies.
A team of researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology developed a moving particle simulation-aided soil plasticity analysis for earth pressure balance shield tunnelling. The study found that earth pressure is a reliable indicator for analyzing soil plasticity and proposed a computer-aided analysis system that precisely reflects e...
Researchers identified known genetic variants for Alzheimer’s disease as risk factors for all-cause dementia and vascular dementia. The study also found a substantial genetic overlap with vascular dementia and cerebral small-vessel disease.
The Michigan-based system produces ethylene with efficiency, yield, and longevity well above other artificial photosynthesis systems. It achieves a five to six times better performance in converting carbon dioxide into ethylene.
Researchers investigate quantum query complexity of basic matroid problems and present asymptotically optimal quantum algorithms for some of them. They apply the quantum adversary method to prove lower bounds on quantum algorithms, demonstrating that fundamental matroid problems can achieve quantum speedup.
A Phase II trial found that a novel combination of decitabine, venetoclax, and ponatinib achieved complete remission in 80% of patients with advanced-phase chronic myeloid leukemia. The treatment showed promise even in patients with high-risk features and those who had received multiple prior therapies.
A new study from Lund University found that a starch and sucrose-reduced diet is as effective in reducing IBS symptoms as the current recommended FODMAP diet. The study showed significant improvements in 75-80% of patients, with greater weight loss and reduced sugar cravings in the reduction group.
Scientists at Shanghai Jiao Tong University created a novel glucose sensing system using heterogeneous CuxO nano skeletons from electronic waste. The method employed laser-induced transfer techniques to fabricate electrodes with high sensitivity and stability, achieving detection limits of 0.34 μM.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a new device that can easily twist and study 2D materials, opening up new possibilities for discovering new phases of matter. This innovation uses micro-electromechanical systems to control the twist angle, making it easier to produce unique samples and study their properties.
The NIH has released an update on its priorities for mpox research, focusing on understanding the virus's transmission, vaccine development, and treatments. The agenda aims to improve detection and prevention strategies for the disease, which is most severe in people with compromised immune systems.
Researchers propose a simple indicator of crop's impact on soil erosion, calculating its 'soil footprint' for Spain's main crops. The study reveals that olive trees have the largest 'soil footprint', while onions and potatoes have the smallest, emphasizing the need to adopt protective strategies to reduce soil erosion.
Researchers discovered that seabirds like albatrosses and penguins have sensory receptors and nerves in their beaks that could aid in finding food. This ability might enable the birds to detect tiny vibrations from potential prey, potentially helping conserve these critically endangered species.
Researchers developed interpenetrated electrode structures to enhance ion diffusion kinetics in electrochemical energy storage devices. The design reduced ion concentration gradients and increased surface area, leading to improved performance at low temperatures.
The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences has received a $5.3 million National Institutes of Health grant to support advanced cancer research in Oklahoma. The grant will help early-career researchers establish independently funded laboratories and build technology infrastructure specific to cancer investigations.
A new study from European universities has developed a method to analyze wastewater data from seven major cities, identifying thousands of disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and antimicrobial resistance. This approach can detect potential health threats simultaneously, potentially preventing epidemics from escalating into outbreaks.
Researchers suggest that if most dark matter is composed of microscopic primordial black holes, they should pass through the solar system at least once per decade, introducing a wobble into Mars' orbit. This detection could lend support to the idea that primordial black holes are a primary source of dark matter.
Research explores impact of exogenous additives on heavy metal passivation and nitrogen retention in pig manure composting. Microbial additives show promise in reducing bioavailability of heavy metals, while also improving nitrogen retention.
New study finds that extended estrogen suppression using aromatase inhibitors for hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer is safe and does not increase the risk of coronary artery calcification. The duration of treatment and presence of osteoporosis were not associated with increased coronary artery calcification scores.
Researchers found that participants with hyperactivity/impulsivity tendency perform body-scan meditation better in supine and upright postures, which can alleviate anxiety and depression. The study developed scales to assess the ease of mindfulness meditation, aiding psychiatrists and therapists in choosing suitable interventions.
A study published in mAbs reveals that up to one-third of antibody-based drugs exhibit nonspecific binding to unintended targets, a serious concern for patient safety. The Membrane Proteome Array technology helped identify this issue, challenging the long-held belief in absolute antibody specificity.
A $3.082M NIH grant will fund research at Wayne State University to investigate the impact of environmental factors on male fertility. The study aims to identify novel biomarkers in seminal plasma and their relation to metabolic exposures and reproductive success, with a focus on phthalate exposure.
The study found that home discharge rates increased more for Hispanic compared to non-Hispanic white patients, highlighting the importance of considering differential outcomes in Medicare payment policies. These findings suggest the need for tailored approaches to address racial and ethnic disparities in joint replacement care.
A recent study discovered that COI1 proteins in maize balance growth and defense by degrading JAZ and DELLAs. This finding could lead to developing more resilient maize varieties. The research revealed an unexpected role of COI1 in regulating DELLA levels, enabling maize to thrive under hot and arid climates.
Researchers analyzed 2 million Google Street View images to explore the utility of digital data in informing public health decision-making. They found that neighborhoods with more crosswalks had lower rates of obesity and diabetes, but no significant link was found between sidewalks and health outcomes.
A new study found that childhood trauma can have specific consequences for biological health and risk of developing 20 major diseases later in life. The study's findings differ by sex and type of stressor, highlighting the need for a precision medicine approach based on patients' sex and specific stress profile.
A study by Tarang Parekh found small but significant improvements in capturing social determinants of health using Internal Classification of Diseases codes. This breakthrough research aims to better understand the impact of social factors on health outcomes and target interventions more effectively.
Researchers from Kumamoto University discovered that prostaglandin receptors in the uterus enhance decidualization, a crucial process for successful pregnancy. This finding opens the door to developing new fertility treatments targeting these receptors.
A recent study by FAU researchers reveals how the brain coordinates food intake to ensure we receive the right amount of energy. The hypothalamus, a control center in the brain, triggers behaviors like eating and satiety through a complex mechanism involving four teams of neurons that work together like relay runners.
Physicists use lattice quantum chromodynamics to calculate how quarks and gluons interact within the proton, revealing a 3D picture of parton distributions. This approach helps explain the proton's spin and distribution of matter, with implications for understanding particle interactions.
A meta-analysis by Mass General Brigham researchers found that Black women face higher mortality rates from breast cancer across all tumor subtypes, attributed to socioeconomic inequality, delayed diagnosis, and inadequate access to timely quality treatment. This disparity is not limited to hormone-positive tumors, with differences als...
Researchers found that adopting an electronic patient management system for direct oral anticoagulants reduced off-label dosing by 8%, while also decreasing the rate of blood clots and strokes. The online dashboard, used at over 120 hospitals, highlights treatment optimization and improves patient safety.
Researchers found that cancer survivors with overweight or obesity are more likely to develop a second cancer, especially obesity-related ones. This study highlights the importance of promoting weight management and increasing awareness of second cancers among physicians and cancer patients.
A recent study found that ChatGPT exhibits cultural values similar to those in English-speaking and Protestant European countries. The model's responses consistently reflected a focus on self-expression values, such as environmental protection and tolerance for diversity.
A team of researchers from the National Institute for Physiological Sciences in Japan found that partial occlusion of digital numerals can induce bistable interpretations of their semantic meanings. Long-time visual exposure to normal numerals biases perception, favoring a specific number interpretation.
The Universidad Carlos III de Madrid is organizing 16 R&D&I outreach activities as part of European Researchers' Night 2024, with half taking place at its Madrid-Puerta de Toledo Campus. The events cover topics like AI, biocultural rights, and scientific discoveries.
A recent study published in Cell Reports Medicine has discovered an important immune component that offers protection against MRSA infection. The researchers found that IgM antibodies are required for clearance of S. aureus during an infection, suggesting a new direction for future vaccine strategies and therapies.
A new study finds that slow-moving landslides are frequently excluded from estimates of landslide risk, threatening people living on unstable slopes. Urban growth, climate change, and flood risk drive population shifts to safer areas, yet poorer populations may have limited options.
A study found that every 1% decrease in BMI leads to a 4% reduction in cardiovascular risk. Blood sugar control also lowers the risk of chronic kidney disease independently of weight change.
Non-diabetic adults who use continuous glucose monitoring sensors spend significantly more time with elevated glucose levels than previously thought. The study found that normoglycemic participants experienced glucose levels above 140mg/dL for an average of three hours per day.
A systematic review of studies on antiseizure drugs in men with epilepsy suggests that there is no clear evidence of a detrimental impact on offspring outcomes. While some isolated harmful side effects were found, they were not replicated in other investigations. The review casts doubt on the stance taken by the UK drugs regulator and ...
SourceBMJ Group·JournalJournal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry·TypeSystematic review·DateSep 17, 2024
Researchers analyzed Van Gogh's painting to uncover hidden turbulence in the sky, aligning with cascading energy theory and Batchelor's scaling. This study reveals a deep understanding of natural phenomena, challenging existing definitions of turbulence.
A recent survey found that Norwegian Afghanistan veterans are struggling with mental health issues, including PTSD and problematic anger. Anger problems among veterans have received little attention internationally, but the study highlights the need for a holistic approach to treating these issues.
A team of researchers led by University of California San Diego's David Kleinfeld will study the coordination of multiple sensory inputs and head movements using laboratory mice and rats. They aim to understand how individual cells and complex neural circuits interact in time and space.
Scientists at Gladstone Institutes have discovered a diverse range of retrons that can edit DNA more quickly and efficiently than current methods, including CRISPR. The new retrons showed high editing rates in both bacteria and human cells, with some performing 10-fold better than the gold-standard retron.
A landmark study has identified novel ancestry-specific genetic variants linked to multiple sclerosis (MS) risk, offering new insights for treatment approaches. The research highlights the potential of ancestry-informed genetic studies to uncover previously unidentified risk factors for MS.
A study published in Nature Communications found that one in eight newborn babies has a genetic protection against jaundice. The researchers identified a specific gene variant that codes for an enzyme linked to increased bilirubin metabolism, providing an opportunity for personalized medicine.
A new type of OLED device can amplify and convert near infrared light into visible light, promising low power consumption and long battery life. The device has a memory effect that could enable computer vision systems to sense and interpret incoming light signals.
A fifth of UK GPs are using generative AI in clinical practice, with most using tools for administrative tasks or to support clinical reasoning. However, experts caution against the limitations and risks of these tools, including inaccuracies, biases, and potential harm to patient privacy.
Climate scientists have proposed a new approach to conserve vulnerable ecosystems, focusing on sites with favorable weather conditions. The 'climate-change refugia' concept aims to reduce species extinctions by identifying and protecting areas least impacted by changing weather.
A recent study from the University of Surrey found that adults with Dyspraxia (Developmental Coordination Disorder) exhibit lower math performance compared to neurotypical peers. The research highlights the crucial role of working memory in math tasks for individuals with DCD, suggesting a need for tailored educational approaches.
A new study led by Penn State researchers found that high-level collegiate sports stress can lead to unhealthy attitudes about eating and inadequate caloric intake. Athletes, especially female ones, are at risk for energy deficiency, eating disorders, and bone loss if they don't consume enough calories.
A new large-scale longitudinal study will investigate the environmental, lifestyle, social, and clinical factors affecting brain development in children with type 1 diabetes. The five-year study aims to refine clinical guidelines and targeted treatments for children with diabetes.
A new study finds that four unhealthy behaviors, including smoking and physical inactivity, contribute significantly to socioeconomic disparities in coronary artery disease mortality. The researchers conclude that targeted public health policies can help reduce these disparities and improve heart health for low-income individuals.
A Northwestern University study finds that cancer patients prefer their providers assess their financial concerns early in treatment. Most patients (83%) want their providers to reach out regarding financial needs, with 82% preferring this at diagnosis or starting treatment.
Research published in PLOS Medicine found that reducing the serving size for beer, lager and cider in UK pubs resulted in a 9.7% decrease in daily mean volume of beer sold. The study suggests smaller serving sizes could contribute to reducing alcohol consumption and decreasing the risk of various diseases.
A 10-year study found that digital breast tomosynthesis increases cancer detection rates and reduces advanced cancers compared to conventional 2D digital mammography. DBT detected more aggressive cancers at an earlier stage than digital mammography, leading to improved cancer detection and lower recall rates.
A new study in ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science investigates the molecular mechanisms behind Efavirenz's negative effects on brain function. The research reveals that the drug alters lipid metabolism and downregulates certain enzymes, which could lead to the development of new drugs to block its negative activity.
Juan Jimenez, a Goldhaber postdoctoral fellow at Brookhaven National Laboratory, has been recognized as a Blavatnik Awards Finalist for his work on developing new catalysts to convert greenhouse gases into industrially useful materials. His research focuses on minimizing hazardous byproducts and using solvent-free processes.
The European Reference Genome Atlas pilot project successfully assembled high-quality reference genomes for 98 European species, including the Cretan wall lizard and Aristotle's catfish. These genomes will enable scientists to make accurate assessments of endangered species' genetic status and inform conservation actions.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have captured the first detailed images of the Ebola virus nucleocapsid structure, which is crucial for replicating in host cells. This breakthrough may accelerate the development of universal antivirals that target this viral structure to combat multiple filoviruses.
Researchers at Macquarie University discovered that oral cancer cells use protein interactions to block the immune response, offering new clues for treatment. The study found that a protein called STAT3 and its partner proteins may be involved in pathways that help cancer avoid the immune system.
A Norwegian study found that patients losing their regular GP due to retirement or relocation experienced a 3-5% increase in healthcare use, but no difference in mortality rates. Despite this, the researchers suggest that long-term doctor-patient relationships may still be beneficial for health.
Researchers discovered that urban and desert fruit flies use distinct visual navigation strategies to maintain balance and orient towards interesting objects. The study suggests that the visual environment plays a crucial role in shaping these navigation tactics, with implications for human vision and autonomous vehicle development.
A large NIH-funded trial compares three surgical approaches for treating trachomatous trichiasis, finding that one technique is just as effective as another in reducing post-operative complications. The study suggests that existing standard surgeries are better options than a modified method with a larger incision height.
Researchers develop AI-driven catalyst discovery and simulate complex interactions to enhance hydrogen generation, carbon capture, and energy storage efficiency. The project aims to create a knowledgeable and skilled workforce capable of addressing critical challenges in the clean energy transition.