A recent study found that blood cancer patients achieve good outcomes with a partial match drawn from the national public registry of donors when treated with cyclophosphamide. Survival rates at one year were comparable to those seen in other studies with fully matched donors.
A new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health researchers found that fire smoke exposure can alter the immune system on a cellular level, even in healthy individuals. Exposure to particulate matter, gases, and other compounds in fire smoke was linked to changes in immune cells, inflammation, and gene expression.
The DFG is establishing 18 new Research Training Groups to support early-career researchers, including four International RTGs. The groups will focus on topics like climate-neutral steel, soil-transmitted helminths, infectious diseases, and biomolecular condensates.
A new study reveals how specific underground conditions lead to toxic uranium levels in drinking water. The research could help local communities monitor and manage this health threat by identifying areas with high contamination risk.
Researchers have developed a novel single-shot diagnostic technique called RAVEN, allowing for the complete capture of ultra-intense laser pulses in real-time. This method enables scientists to fine-tune laser systems and bridge the gap between experimental reality and theoretical models.
A new study found that submarine groundwater discharge increases nutrient availability, alters seawater acidity, and impacts coral skeleton calcification. This research provides insights into the complex interactions between land and ocean, highlighting the importance of keeping groundwater free of contaminants for coral reef health.
A follow-up study of 188 patients who underwent abdominoplasty found that patients not only maintained their weight loss after surgery but also continued to lose weight over time. On average, patients lost nearly ten pounds in five years post-op, with a BMI reduction of more than five percent.
A national pilot program led by UTA faculty is helping take the mystery out of quantum physics for students and educators. The program, Quantum for All, provides hands-on curriculum and classroom strategies to equip high school science teachers with the tools they need to teach quantum science.
The Mayo Clinic in Arizona has launched a new lung transplant program, providing patients with end-stage lung disease a second chance at life. The program offers world-class care to critically ill patients battling respiratory diseases such as COPD, and is supported by clinical innovation from across Mayo Clinic.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology found that taking a nap with deeper sleep can lead to increased 'aha' moments, with 70.6% of participants experiencing insight after a 20-minute rest period.
A UC Irvine-led team has developed a multispectral composite material with adjustable visible and infrared properties, inspired by the structures found in squid skin cells. The material can dynamically adjust its color and reflectivity in response to environmental or mechanical stimuli.
Researchers have identified microalgae that can break down kelp to obtain carbohydrates, providing a new ecological niche and opportunities for sustainable product development. This discovery has implications for various industries, including biofuels, feed production, recycling, and carbon cycle research.
A new gene therapy delivery device called NANOSPRESSO could revolutionize how hospitals treat rare diseases by allowing them to create personalized nanomedicines in-house. This democratized approach to precision medicine could boost access to low-cost bespoke gene and RNA therapies, especially in low-resource settings.
A new study confirms that the oldest known rocks on Earth are found in northern Quebec, dating back an impressive 4.16 billion years. The discovery provides a unique window into the early history of our planet and sheds light on the formation of the first continents.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory has unveiled the first images of the sky obtained with its LSST camera, a 3200-megapixel resolution car-sized camera that can photograph 45 times the area of the full moon in just three nights. The high-definition images will provide unprecedented views of the southern sky and reveal faintest and furthest-...
Researchers have discovered hundreds of previously hidden fossilized squid beaks using a novel 'digital fossil-mining' approach. The findings indicate that squids originated around 100 million years ago and rapidly diversified thereafter, suggesting they played a key role in shaping modern ocean ecosystems.
A new dataset doubles documented stream miles in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, allowing for more accurate characterization of water flow and land use. The high-resolution data will help prioritize restoration projects, such as streamside tree plantings and pollutant filtering.
Researchers discovered that immune cells can reinforce polycaprolactone implants by forming special giant cells and secreting molecules that form strong bonds to the surface. This finding opens new doors for developing safer and more durable implant solutions.
A new study reveals that natural selection is driving the evolution of resistance in ash trees against the fungal disease ash dieback. The research found that younger generation ash trees exhibit greater resistance than their predecessors, offering hope for the survival of ash trees.
Materials and Solidification is an international journal focused on solidification theory, materials design, and processing technology. It aims to serve as a high-level academic platform for global researchers and engineers to drive innovations in solidification science and its industrial applications.
The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging's Annual Meeting featured over 120 continuing education sessions on innovations in oncology, neurology, and cardiology. The meeting also showcased cutting-edge technology, including AI, theranostics, and novel imaging probes.
Indole biosynthesis in flowering plants is mediated by the pseudoenzyme TSB-like, which enables the release of free indole as a volatile compound. This mechanism allows plants to defend against pests and attract pollinators through their scent.
A University of Pittsburgh study has identified a protein called ferritin that can selectively recover critical metals like cobalt and nickel from liquid solutions. The process uses benign conditions and could significantly reduce energy demands and costs associated with metal recovery.
Researchers developed an efficient tribocatalytic recycling process to recover valuable materials from spent lithium-ion batteries, reducing environmental harm. The method achieves high recovery efficiency with milder reaction conditions, making it a promising alternative to conventional pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy.
Researchers identified a key enzyme, TPP1, that helps Fusarium graminearum overcome plant defenses and cause devastating head blight disease. The finding offers new hope for developing genetically engineered disease-resistant grains.
Researchers discovered AI surrealism, cultural bias, logical fallacy and misinformation in image-generated content. Developing standardized language to describe these flaws will help train AI to generate images more accurately.
Researchers have discovered Hadean-age rocks in the Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt, Canada, dating back ~4.16 billion years. The preservation of these ancient materials offers a unique window into early Earth geology and potentially sets the stage for life's emergence.
A study published in Nature Communications Psychology reveals that the brain sequences and manages words differently depending on sentence structure. The prefrontal cortex sustains words throughout complex sentences, suggesting a need for additional working memory resources.
Dr. James A. Banks will present the 2025 Brown Lecture on October 23, sharing his work on improving race and ethnic relations in education. His contributions to multicultural education research have been widely recognized by AERA.
A new study published in Science reveals that ancient squids were the most abundant swimmers in the ocean 100 million years ago, with over 40 new species discovered. The advanced fossil discovery technique allowed researchers to identify thousands of fossilized cephalopod beaks, providing key clues for studying squid evolution.
Researchers at EPFL's Bionanophotonic Systems Laboratory developed a biosensor that detects biomolecules using inelastic electron tunneling, enabling ultra-sensitive and real-time detection without bulky equipment. The sensor can detect amino acids and polymers at picogram concentrations, rivaling advanced sensors.
A new brain imaging benchmark may improve how researchers classify biologically meaningful changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers found a tau cut-point that distinguished individuals with cognitive impairment from those aging normally, but its effectiveness was limited in non-Hispanic Black participants.
Researchers found that chipmunks' skulls became larger but teeth shorter due to increased human food availability. Voles' auditory bullae decreased in size possibly to dampen environmental noise. These changes demonstrate the profound impact of humans on wildlife and their environment.
Researchers developed an AI-driven framework to improve the mechanical properties of two-dimensional patterned hollow structures (2D-PHS). The framework achieved a 4.3% improvement in stress uniformity and a 23.1% reduction in maximum stress concentrations, increasing tensile strength by up to 12%.
A multi-country study found that extreme droughts in Low Income Countries (LMICs) are associated with an increase in sexual violence against adolescent girls and young women. The study highlights the indirect impact of climate change on social vulnerabilities in these regions.
A recent study by University of Arkansas researchers found that stress makes people more prone to riskier decisions due to decreased loss aversion. In contrast, under stress, women are better at predicting outcomes and men have a stronger grasp of consequences.
A comprehensive analysis of 2,762 Indian genomes reveals a complex history of genetic mixing, endogamy, and population bottlenecks that shaped the country's genetic variation, health, and disease. The study found that most genetic variation in India can be explained by a single migration out of Africa about 50,000 years ago.
A new study found that warmer areas within fields have more blooms and bees, with flower density being the primary driver of foraging behavior. The research suggests that precision agriculture approaches could be used to inform conservation efforts by identifying low-performing sites.
Researchers developed a multispectral terahertz optoacoustic system to measure blood sodium levels in real time, non-invasively and accurately. The system overcomes challenges of detecting molecules and penetrating tissue layers using optoacoustic detection.
Researchers tackle pressing challenges in drug discovery with innovative approaches, including high-throughput TRIP13 inhibitors and tau aggregation blockers. The journal focuses on advancing life sciences discovery and technology via education, knowledge exchange and global community building.
Researchers found that prescribed burns can reduce the severity of subsequent wildfires by an average of 16% and net smoke pollution by an average of 14%. The study highlights a key nuance: prescribed fires were significantly more effective outside of the wildland-urban interface (WUI) than within it, with benefits seen in non-WUI zones.
A recent study has discovered a connection between brain damage and an increased likelihood of committing crimes. The research, led by Harvard Medical School and the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, found that damage to the right uncinate fasciculus was linked to criminal behavior.
Aileen Anderson, director of the stem cell center, has been named vice chancellor for research at UC Irvine. She will oversee the university's research strategy and operations, building partnerships with industry and community stakeholders.
Biophysicist Christian Spahn's ERC Advanced Grant project aims to capture the ultra-fast intermediate steps of ribosomes in action. Using a supermicroscope, his team will analyze hundreds of thousands of images to visualize rare, short-lived states of ribosomes at atomic resolution.
Researchers have developed single-atom nanozymes to monitor and control environmental pollutants. These nanozymes show great potential in addressing environmental challenges due to their innovative design and mechanisms.
A new MSU study found that friendships with others who share the same identity can lead to greater life satisfaction and less loneliness for queer people. However, similar relationships may also increase feelings of isolation due to geographical distance or societal marginalization.
A new study published in The Lancet found that starting direct oral anticoagulants within four days of a stroke significantly reduces the risk of another stroke due to bleeding or artery blockage. Early treatment also did not increase the risk of bleeding into the brain.
A new poll by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the de Beaumont Foundation found that most U.S. adults (79%) support routine childhood vaccine requirements to attend school, including a majority across party lines. The vast majority of parents and adults believe vaccines are safe for most children.
The Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) has developed a proposal for the
A new study by researchers at UC San Francisco found that state bans on abortion led to significant increases in travel time, costs, and delays in receiving care. The study, which surveyed 855 people from states with abortion bans, revealed a 17% increase in second-trimester abortions and a 11.3-hour increase in travel time.
Researchers discovered AI art protection tools have critical weaknesses that cannot reliably stop AI models from training on artists' work. LightShed, a new method, can detect and remove distortions, stripping away protections and rendering images usable again for generative AI model training.
Researchers developed Se-regulated MnS porous nanocubes encapsulated in carbon nanofibers for high-performance sodium-ion batteries. These novel anode materials show significant improvements in electrochemical performance, making them a promising candidate for high-energy-density SIBs.
A collaboration between Aston University and RAD Global developed pioneering cold storage boxes to keep food fresh without grid electricity. The RADiCool system extends the safe selling window for fish from 12 to 24 hours, reducing waste and improving livelihoods.
Lars Lannfelt's pioneering research on Alzheimer's disease led to the development of lecanemab, a first-ever disease-modifying drug in EU. The €60,000 Hartwig Piepenbrock-DZNE Prize honors his contributions to understanding Alzheimer's and slowing its progression.
Researchers uncover a key piece to the miscarriage puzzle, tracing risk back to a problem with the womb lining before pregnancy. The decidual reaction, which prepares the womb lining for pregnancy each month, often doesn't progress properly in women with a history of miscarriage.
Research from Edith Cowan University found that consuming a cup and a half of leafy green vegetables daily can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. High intakes of Vitamin K1 were also associated with reduced subclinical atherosclerosis and improved musculoskeletal health.
A new study published in Geology analysis the body profiles of organisms from around 545 million years ago and suggest that the Cambrian explosion may have happened much earlier than estimated. The researchers found that organisms with slender body profiles thrived during this period, indicating a level of complexity and adaptability t...
Researchers at Yale University developed a system called adaptive computation, which rations elementary computations to process goal-relevant objects. The model successfully predicted patterns of attentional deployment and explained subjective difficulty ratings when tracking multiple objects.
Researchers at Edith Cowan University have discovered a new way to detect vault applications on smartphones using machine learning, achieving high accuracy on Android phones. This method could be instrumental for law enforcement in addressing the growing concern of digital privacy and cybercrime.
A WSU-led study identifies associations between prenatal factors and childhood obesity, revealing distinct BMI trajectories in children. The research found that children with mothers who smoked during or had high BMIs before pregnancy showed rapid weight gain starting from age 3.5 years.
The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) journal Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (ARD) has achieved a notable increase in its impact factor to 20.6, surpassing 58 other titles in rheumatology and reaffirming its status as the leading journal for original research in both basic and clinical fields. This recognitio...
Researchers will examine forensic methods, aesthetic practices, and issues of restitution in the context of archival investigation. They will explore how to critically engage with archives of colonial and political violence.
A recent study by the University of South Australia found that almost half of Australian Rules Football umpires have experienced verbal abuse, while one in five reported physical abuse. The survey also highlighted the need for support and communication between umpires, clubs, and authorities to prevent such incidents.
The Queen Conch Lab at FAU Harbor Branch will establish a community-based queen conch farm in every Caribbean country to restore healthy populations and improve sustainable fishing methods. The project aims to grow up to 2,000 queen conch juveniles per year for conservation and restoration.
A study by RPTU researchers reveals that abnormal chromosome numbers lead to impaired mitochondrial function, which could be relevant for drug treatment of cancer. Cells with extra chromosomes accumulate protein aggregates containing a specific receptor, impairing mitochondrial precursor proteins' passage into the mitochondria.
A study of 200 pilots found that errors caused by lack of skills or poor decisions often contributed to inflight loss of control incidents. The research highlights the need for better pilot training, particularly in recovering from out-of-control situations like spins and spirals.
Researchers have successfully enabled ear tissue regeneration in mice by flipping an evolutionarily disabled genetic switch involved in Vitamin A metabolism. By activating a key gene called Aldh1a2, the team restored regenerative ability in mice, which cannot regenerate complex tissues like the ear pinna.
Researchers at TU Graz developed methods to run AI models locally on small devices with limited memory, enabling efficient positioning error correction and industrial applications. The E-MINDS project introduced a modular system using division, orchestration, subspace configurable networks, quantisation, and pruning techniques.
Scientists have found a way to simulate metabolic processes in the absence of cell membranes using heat flow across thin, water-filled pores. This breakthrough provides new insights into the origin of life and offers approaches to biotechnology for creating synthetic living entities.
A new study from the University of South Australia found that structured exercise programs improve symptoms of depression and anxiety in children. The study, involving 38,000 young people across 375 clinical trials, suggests benefits can emerge quickly, even for short periods of time.
Knowledge Unlatched, a pioneering open access initiative, is moving to a new home within Annual Reviews organization. This transfer supports one of the most recognized initiatives in open access publishing, enabling thousands of titles to be freely available to readers worldwide.
An interdisciplinary team at Flinders University has developed a safer and more sustainable approach to extract and recover gold from ore and electronic waste. The new method uses a low-cost and benign compound to extract gold, which can then be selectively bound to a novel sulfur-rich polymer, allowing for high-purity gold recovery.
A new study reconciles opposing views on the spread of Neolithic farming by combining archaeology and genetics. The research found that cultural changes occurred through both people migration and the spread of ideas, depending on the region and period.
Scientists at The University of Texas at Arlington identified a new enzyme, IDO1, that plays a crucial role in inflammation and cholesterol regulation. By blocking this enzyme, macrophages regain their ability to absorb cholesterol, offering a potential new way to prevent heart disease.
A team of researchers reveals the critical role of water in guiding nanoarchitecture formation on solid surfaces. They designed short peptides that form linear, crystalline structures aligned with the underlying atomic lattice, showcasing the interplay between aromatic interactions and solvation effects.
A new dual-phase CT AI tool, NeoPred, combines pre-treatment and pre-surgery scans with clinical data to predict major pathological response in NSCLC patients. The model achieved high accuracy rates, including AUCs of 0.772-0.787, outperforming surgeons and improving diagnostic accuracy.
A new framework developed by researchers aims to better predict and understand cascading land surface hazards, which can increase the risk of subsequent events. The study's findings could help improve disaster response and build societal resilience after natural hazards.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet found that biological drugs used to treat severe asthma do not completely eradicate inflammatory cells. Researchers discovered an increase in blood levels of these cells during treatment, which could explain why inflammation often returns when treatment is tapered or discontinued. The study aims t...
A new recycling technology has been developed to turn used tires into raw materials for rubber and nylon, achieving high selectivity of up to 92% and a yield of 82%. The process uses dual catalysis to convert waste rubber into valuable chemicals.
The SEB Conference 2025 will feature over 500 talks on latest advances in experimental research across animal, plant and cell biology. The event highlights groundbreaking research in biomechanics, wildlife conservation, human disease and bio-inspired robotics.
A USC-developed shipboard system using limestone and seawater can remove up to half of carbon dioxide emitted from shipping vessels, cutting maritime CO2 emissions by 50%. The process mimics a natural chemical reaction in the ocean, where CO2 is absorbed into water pumped onboard and then neutralized through a bed of limestone.
Astronomers have detected a vast cloud of energetic particles surrounding one of the most distant galaxy clusters ever observed. This discovery reveals that entire galaxy clusters were immersed in high-energy particles for most of their existence.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found significant associations between social factors like financial hardship, housing and food insecurity, and unsafe firearm storage practices. The researchers suggest that community-based education and support are key to understanding the behaviors driving gun ownership.
Researchers developed a solid-state NMR method to characterize separation and recycling processes of real-life plastic waste mixtures. The technique identified individual components in complex polymer systems, enabling precise tracking of chemical evolution and mapping of conversion processes.
Advanced computer simulations reveal shear deformations and internal mechanical stresses play a crucial role in grain growth and evolution. This discovery helps explain why real polycrystals behave differently than predicted and offers insights into designing stronger materials.
Researchers discovered two distinct ways mutation of the FOXA1 gene alters tumor formation and therapy resistance in prostate cancer in mouse models. The findings provide insight into how different classes of FOXA1 mutations operate, shedding light on the complex mechanisms driving prostate cancer progression.
Researchers developed a novel CrTe2/NbSe2 heterostructure to create stable, controllable interfaces between magnetic and superconducting materials. The structure forms stripe-like patterns hosting localized magnetic moments, enabling topological quantum computing applications.
A study reveals how HIF-1α adapts cells to different levels of oxygen deprivation by activating specific genes, including those involved in glycolysis, immune suppression and angiogenesis. The research provides a framework for understanding hypoxia-induced cellular responses and identifying precision targets for therapeutic strategies.
Scientists have developed a method to produce macrocyclic peptides using brewer's yeast, which can be rapidly analyzed for therapeutic applications. The approach harnesses the natural machinery of yeast to create biocompatible and biodegradable peptide molecules with precision targeting and stability.
NRG Oncology has appointed Tambre Leighn as Chair of the Patient Advocate Committee and Chris Holsinger as Surgical Vice Chair of the Head and Neck Cancer Committee. These new leaders will focus on advancing patient advocate engagement and expanding NRG's head and neck cancer portfolio.
A recent study published in Stem Cell Reports found that microgravity accelerates skeletal muscle degeneration, leading to a decline in muscle strength and protein content. The researchers used an ISS lab-on-chip model to simulate ageing-related muscle loss and discovered that electrical stimulation can mitigate these changes.
A new study suggests current return-to-play protocols for community sport athletes may not be enough to ensure player safety following a concussion. Researchers recommend symptom-based assessments and personalized rehabilitation plans to support recovery and reduce the risk of reinjury.
Researchers discovered lower α-synuclein levels in red blood cells of patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies, a potential biomarker for early diagnosis. This finding may contribute to improving treatment outcomes and patient care for those affected by DLB.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma investigate the overlap between cognitive decline caused by chemotherapy and aging, discovering decreased blood flow, disrupted blood-brain barriers, and senescent cells. Removing these cells with senolytics can improve cerebral blood flow, cognition, and overall brain health.
Researchers used advanced neuroimaging and the Julich-Brain Atlas to identify specific brain networks linked to psychopathy, finding reduced volumes in multiple regions including basal ganglia, thalamus, and cortex. This study advances research on neuropsychobiological correlates of aggression.
Research reveals that KNL2 degradation is critical for centromere integrity and mitotic fidelity. The study found that alpha-KNL2 in Arabidopsis thaliana is degraded during mitosis through ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, highlighting the importance of tight protein regulation during cell division.
Researchers found several volatile phases in the polar jet stream over the past 125 years that predate significant climate change effects. The study suggests that natural fluctuations may be driving recent erratic behavior of the jet stream, rather than climate change.
A new study from the University of Bath found that individuals with a higher IQ make more realistic predictions, leading to improved life outcomes. Smarter people are significantly better at forecasting, making fewer errors and showing more consistent judgement compared to those with a lower IQ.
The latest issue of Optica Quantum features research on cryogenic photonic links for superconducting qubits, spatio-spectral quantum state estimation of photon pairs from optical fiber, and quantum optical reservoir computing powered by boson sampling. These studies demonstrate breakthroughs in measuring and optimizing quantum states, ...
A team of Korean researchers has successfully recreated a golden fiber akin to that of 2,000 years ago using the pen shell cultivated in Korean coastal waters. The breakthrough reveals the scientific basis behind its unchanging golden color and demonstrates the potential of eco-friendly materials.
Research by Christian Schubert and Scott Lafontaine reveals rice's brewing benefits, including improved flavor profiles and shorter fermentation times. The study highlights the potential of rice to enhance nonalcoholic beer quality, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional brewing methods.
A study has discovered a connection between ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent cell death, and inflammatory bowel disease. Lipid ROS activate ferroptosis, which drives cell death in the colon lining, and inhibiting this process may lead to new treatment options for IBD.
Researchers analyzed genomic data from over 2,700 Indians to reconstruct evolutionary history, revealing ancestry tied to Neolithic Iranian farmers, Eurasian Steppe pastoralists, and South Asian hunter-gatherers. The study highlights the impact of ancient migrations on genetic variation and disease susceptibility.
The study found that significant changes in sleep metrics occurred only when inflammation was present in the body, with symptoms alone not resulting in any notable sleep disruption. Sleep disturbances worsened leading up to inflammatory flares and improved afterward, suggesting that sleep changes may signal upcoming disease activity.
Academic medical centers can transform patient care by adopting learning health system principles, harnessing real-time data analysis and AI to improve patient outcomes. The proposed model aims to establish a smarter, more efficient and equitable care model by integrating diverse databases and leveraging AI for personalized, proactive ...
Researchers from SNU developed a groundbreaking hardware security technology based on commercially available V-NAND flash memory, enabling secure generation, storage, and concealment of keys. The Concealable PUF technology maintains unclonability and randomness while adding the ability to hide and reveal the security key as needed.
A nanometer-thin spacer layer has been inserted into exciplex upconversion OLEDs (ExUC-OLEDs) to improve energy transfer, enhancing blue light emission by 77-fold. This design enables the use of previously incompatible materials, paving the way for lightweight, low-voltage, and more flexible OLEDs.
Researchers studied the effects of 6-PPDQ on the citric acid cycle in C. elegans, finding disruptions at environmentally relevant concentrations. The study revealed reductions in key metabolites and enzyme gene expressions, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity.
PTEN-deficient mouse models exhibit ASD-like characteristics due to circuit imbalance and altered behavior. The study reveals specific circuit changes in the amygdala resulting from PTEN loss in inhibitory neurons, providing new insights into the underlying circuit alterations that contribute to heightened fear and anxiety.
A new study from UC San Diego reveals that even mild heat can significantly hinder team performance, while leaving individual productivity unaffected. Teams in warmer conditions experienced a notable decline in productivity due to communication and interaction breakdowns.
The Nature Relationship Index (NRI) aims to measure a country's sustainable path by assessing its relationships with nature, tracking progress and development. The NRI adds an environmental dimension to the Human Development Index, fostering mutually beneficial relationships between humans and the natural world.
Increased public awareness of solar geoengineering may lead to bipartisan engagement in US politics. The study found that Americans' views on the technology became more moderate as they gained knowledge about its effects and mechanisms.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging found that individuals with remitted depression show increased habenula activity and reduced connectivity between the habenula and dopamine-producing regions, suggesting a heightened sensitivity to negative cues. This suggests that even after recove...
The BONSAI Climate Footprint Analyser helps users understand the climate impact of various products and materials through a free, publicly accessible platform. The tool provides accurate CO₂e values for over 1,000 products across 40 countries, enabling organisations to assess and reduce their climate footprint.
FANDANGO, a new open-source fuzzing tool, employs an iterative procedure modeled on biological evolution to produce high-quality test inputs that cover both semantics and syntax. The tool enables complete control over test inputs, allowing testers to specify input characteristics and explore specific parts of the program.
Researchers found that 2.7% of 70-year-old women had meningiomas, a type of tumor on the meninges outside the brain tissue. The study emphasizes the importance of diligence and careful consideration in managing these tumors, which are often benign and grow slowly.
This issue of SLAS Technology features a high-precision microfluidic flow splitter that outperforms commercial alternatives, enabling even flow division and simplifying multi-inlet perfusion. The journal showcases technological leaps in the life sciences, including rapid pathogen detection and AI-driven insights into schizophrenia.
Researchers detected a slow slip earthquake in Japan's Nankai Fault, behaving like a tectonic shock absorber. The event revealed fluids are a key ingredient for slow earthquakes and confirmed that the fault releases pent-up energy harmlessly.
Researchers found increased activity in two brain areas when participants reported cognitive fatigue: the right insula and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex. These areas work together to regulate mental effort, suggesting that external incentives can prompt increased cognitive effort.
A new study by Boston University's Richard A. Currie explores the impact of workplace nosiness on employee performance and satisfaction. Researchers found that employees react to nosiness by pulling down their privacy boundaries, leading to higher stress levels and lower task performance.
Researchers Brian Yanites and colleagues propose a unified, interdisciplinary approach to studying cascading land surface hazards. The new framework aims to refine theory, models, and hazard monitoring to better understand and manage interconnected threats.
Researchers used magnetoencephalography (MEG) technology to determine how levodopa affects brain signals in patients with Parkinson's disease. The study found that some patients experience 'off-target' effects of the drug, affecting brain regions beyond the intended dopamine-replacement therapy area.
Access to buprenorphine and naltrexone for opioid use disorder is affected by race and ethnicity, as well as insurance type. Targeted interventions, including culturally tailored care and expanded access points, are needed to address disparities and reduce inequities contributing to the overdose crisis.
Researchers at the University of Córdoba develop a biodegradable emulsifier from avocado pruning residue, improving stability and shelf life of emulsions. The new emulsifier also exhibits enhanced antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, making it a promising alternative to petrochemical-based emulsifiers.
Researchers have characterised the human protease SENP5, implicated in various diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The study reveals a positively charged region that prefers SUMO2 binding, opening the way for specific inhibitor design with minimal side effects.
A global coalition of experts released the Copenhagen Declaration, a framework to revolutionize diabetes care and research globally. The declaration outlines four urgent strategies to close gaps in treatment and innovation, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers identified hundreds of molecular markers in saliva associated with systemic pathological processes beyond the oral cavity. These markers can reflect genetic heritability of diseases such as prostate cancer, coronary disease, and Type 2 diabetes.
A Kobe University team developed a technique to classify thousands of enzymes, allowing for rapid evaluation and identification of highly active and versatile enzymes. The approach enabled the discovery of an enzyme with up to 10 times higher productivity than industry standards.
A new study suggests tailoring TB treatment to disease severity could improve patient outcomes and prevent the spread of drug-resistant strains. By identifying patients with less severe forms of TB, treatment courses can be safely shortened, reducing the risk of treatment failure and relapse.
A new approach enables hospital pharmacists to rapidly create bespoke medicine cartridges for rare disease patients, boosting access to personalized treatment. The NANOSPRESSO platform could open up treatments for underfunded and underserved rare conditions worldwide.
A study reveals that ultra-small nanoparticles can induce abnormal protein conformation and have the potential to cause pathological conditions like Alzheimer's disease. The researchers used spectroscopy-based experiments to analyze the interactions between bovine serum albumin and silica nanoparticles.
More than 1 million people worldwide are diagnosed with bronchiectasis, a chronic lung disease characterized by enlarged airways. Global partners unite for World Bronchiectasis Day to share resources on self-management, mental health, and nutrition to improve care and quality of life for those affected.
The new centre will investigate neural dynamics, developing novel interventions and devices to improve symptom relief and quality of life for people with brain disorders. It aims to harness neural dynamics for people with conditions like Parkinson’s disease or epilepsy.
Veterans with female sex and racial/ethnic minority groups are disproportionately affected by opioid overdose deaths. Younger females and racially minoritized veterans experience high rates of overdose deaths during times of healthcare stress.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has updated its guideline on radiation therapy for high-grade diffuse gliomas, the most common primary brain tumor in adults. The new guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for multidisciplinary treatment and addresses optimal radiation dosing, fractionation, and techniques.
A new study found that runners who focus on a single point ahead of them, such as the finish line, can increase their effort and performance. This mental strategy, known as attentional narrowing, was associated with faster running times and higher heart rates.
Most opioid treatment programs still do not offer all three forms of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) as of 2023. Government-operated programs and those accepting Medicare are more likely to provide comprehensive MAT offerings.
A new review synthesizes decades of observational evidence and climate modeling advances to chart a path forward for more reliable TC projections. The team determined that tropical sea surface temperature (SST) warming patterns modulate TC genesis, intensity, and spatial distribution.
A recent study published in Health Science Reports found that food insecurity does not affect the stress mindset of individuals. However, exercise was associated with improvements in neurobehaviors, including stress mindset and improved resilience.
A study by the University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management found that ingroup bias led to shorter inspections for domestic vessels and increased scrutiny after a catastrophic accident. However, additional training can counteract this bias, suggesting that human capital is crucial in enforcing standards.
UVA Health received two anonymous $25 million estate gifts to support the Paul and Diane Manning Institute of Biotechnology. The institute will develop new treatments for hard-to-treat diseases with a state-of-the-art biomedical research facility expected to drive economic growth in Central Virginia.
Researchers have discovered how FGF19, produced in the intestine, acts on specific regions of the brain to regulate energy expenditure. The hormone stimulates thermogenic adipocyte activity, leading to increased fat burning and improved blood glucose levels in obese animals.
The American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) has launched a critical care APP education and certification program, covering 11 topic areas including patient-centered care and pharmacology. The CCAPP Certification Exam is now available, with an August 5 deadline to apply for the 2025 exam.
A longitudinal study found that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly decreased US adults' confidence in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), while increasing trust in personal doctors and local health departments. Confidence in these institutions dropped by 26% between 2020 and 2024.
Brazilian researchers have identified a link between the oral bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and head and neck cancer, finding that its presence is associated with a more favorable prognosis. The study suggests that F. nucleatum may regulate immune factors, boosting the immune system's response and making tumors less aggressive.
A new nutritional epigenetics study protocol aims to reduce lead and mercury exposures in pregnant women to prevent childhood autism and ADHD. The protocol provides a valid method for measuring changes in ultra-processed food intake and diet, which may impact child neurodevelopment.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will capture the entire night sky every few nights, producing 20 terabytes of raw data nightly. Australian astronomers will have early access to this data, enabling discoveries across timescales never before possible.
A new review paper explores six approaches to conserving water nationwide, including growing crops suited to local climates, using treated wastewater, and reducing food waste. The authors emphasize the need for a multi-faceted approach due to the inherent complications of each strategy.
Researchers from ASU and international collaborators tested a handheld DNA sequencing device at six chicken slaughterhouses in Indonesia. The study found signs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria spreading from wastewater into nearby rivers, highlighting the need for targeted solutions to reduce its spread.
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, including improved outcomes for elderly patients with IDH-mutant AML who are not eligible for intensive chemotherapy. Additionally, new targeted therapies have been approved as frontline treatments, while pre-surgical radiation therapy may offer an alte...
A new study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that a low-fat vegan diet significantly decreased dietary acid load, a key risk factor for diabetes. The diet was also associated with significant weight loss of 13.2 pounds in overweight adults.
Researchers have discovered a new noncoding RNA, lnc2300, that plays a protective role in ovarian granulosa cells but is downregulated under oxidative stress conditions. The study reveals that the transcription factor FoxO1 directly binds to the promoter of lnc2300 and suppresses its transcription, leading to increased cell apoptosis.
Researchers from Hunan University uncover buildup dynamics of harmonic mode-locking in fiber-based Mamyshev oscillators, achieving high stability and signal-to-noise ratio. The study identifies five distinct phases in the generation of stable harmonic mode-locking, challenging conventional understanding of laser emission.
A new silica aerogel has been developed for efficient carbon emission reduction, exhibiting high thermal resistance and gas adsorption capacity. The integration of amine and methyl groups in the aerogel is achieved through a facile and environmentally friendly self-catalyzed sol-gel reaction.
A new book written by an international team from Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Oxford argues that data-driven decision-making can improve healthcare outcomes. The authors explain how analytics can be used to optimize hospital operations, manage bed allocation, and improve treatment efficiency.
Microbial electrochemical sensors (MESs) exhibit linear correlation with standard BOD₅ and demonstrate validated long-term stability, allowing precise BOD quantification in saline wastewater. However, high salinity impairs sensor performance and requires adapted mechanisms to maintain functionality.
The Arc Institute has launched its inaugural Virtual Cell Challenge, a public competition using AI to solve one of biology's biggest challenges. Competitors will train models on gene expression data from over half a billion cells and predict changes in gene activity when individual genes are silenced.