Researchers at Indiana University are developing next-generation ophthalmoscopes to spot early warning signs of diseases like Alzheimer's, diabetes, and heart disease with a simple eye scan. The technology uses machine learning and AI to reduce diagnosis time from days to minutes.
Scientists developed a technique to engineer LHPs with controlled size distribution of quantum wells, improving efficiency and stability in LEDs and lasers. By controlling nanoplatelets' growth, they achieved excellent energy cascades, enhancing photovoltaic performance and stability.
Researchers decode mechanism by which oxidative stress influences cell death, revealing proteasome's role in ferroptosis. Enzyme DDI2 identified as key player in regulating protein recycling, protecting cells from death.
A new study found that motor delay and low muscle tone were common signs of an underlying genetic diagnosis in children with neurodevelopment disorders. The research suggests that these early neurodevelopmental symptoms can benefit both patients' families and doctors by identifying the need for genetic testing.
A new study found that children diagnosed with IBD before the age of six show biological changes associated with the disease at birth. This suggests that these children are part of a severely affected subgroup, making preventive options crucial for their investigation. The study's findings could lead to earlier screening and potentiall...
A study by the University of the Basque Country found that YouTube videos created by medical professionals, patient associations, and individual survivors offer a wealth of knowledge and emotional support. The analysis also revealed a strong sense of community and sisterhood among viewers who share and appreciate valuable information.
Researchers have developed a new approach to epidemic modeling that considers socioeconomic factors like income, education, and ethnicity. This framework allows for more realistic predictions of disease spread by accounting for how people interact and respond to public health measures.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have set a new record for the strongest laser pulses, surpassing previous records by over 50%, using a special arrangement of mirrors and a semiconductor mirror. The pulses can be used to create high harmonic frequencies up to X-rays, enabling fast processes in the attosecond range.
Researchers studied female crested gibbon dances, discovering they display a grouping structure, rhythm, and are used for visual communication, including non-sexual arousal or frustration. The dances have similarities with human movements but likely evolved independently, suggesting an innate component.
The third annual TCT MedTech Innovation Forum will address pressing cardiovascular medicine challenges and unveil disruptive solutions. Visionary leaders from the medtech landscape will convene to explore bold solutions, share pioneering insights, and shape the future of cardiovascular care.
A new study found distinct changes in children with severe cases of RSV, including elevated NK cells in the airways and altered immunological function. This research may help identify new targets for future treatments.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a fluorescent biosensor to observe PKC activity in real time and 3D space. The study revealed designated signaling territories where different types of PKC are active, shedding light on their critical role in human disease.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have shown that transcranial near infrared light therapy can aid tissue repair after mild traumatic brain injury. The study found significant reductions in inflammatory processes and improved functional outcomes, with superior results achieved with red light.
Researchers used deep learning to correlate citizen science data with remote sensing images, predicting plant distributions down to scales of a few square meters. The AI model, Deepbiosphere, outperformed previous methods in accuracy and showed potential for global monitoring of vegetation change.
A new study reveals that models accurately capturing Indian summer monsoon rainfall can simulate the CGT pattern better. The research highlights the crucial link between monsoon rainfall and wave structure over west-central Asia, which is essential for improving climate model predictions.
Research identifies no elevated risk of suicide among professional athletes overall, but retirement from athletic careers can be a stressful experience. Athletes may develop effective coping skills and social connections through sports that foster resilience and mastery.
Building a renewable energy system for the AtLAST telescope in Chile's Atacama Desert could cover 66% of nearby San Pedro de Atacama's electricity demand. The system would reduce local reliance on fossil fuels and provide affordable renewable energy, contributing to a more sustainable future.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab's BRIC are assessing proton therapy's potential to replace radioisotope-based treatments, with a focus on reducing radiological risks. The study aims to bridge the gap between nuclear physics and medical professionals, exploring proton therapy's capabilities for cancer treatment.
A study published in Science Advances suggests that unmelted asteroids, or 'primitive' materials, were a crucial source of volatiles on Earth. This finding implies that the materials necessary for life to emerge may not have been readily available without these unmelted asteroids.
Scientists have developed novel magnetic nanodiscs that can remotely stimulate parts of the brain, potentially treating neurological and psychiatric conditions. The devices were injected into specific brain regions in mice and triggered by a weak electromagnet, demonstrating precise control over neural activity.
Researchers found evidence of giraffe, human, oryx, waterbuck, wildebeest, zebra, and lion hairs in the lions' teeth. The study used genomics to identify prey species and confirmed that the 'man-eaters' were likely siblings.
This study improved China's BC emission inventory by updating data on activity intensity and emission factor data, identifying key driving factors of major BC emission sources. Residential solid fuel combustion dominated BC emissions in 1962, while industrial coke and brick production increased significantly by 1995.
Researchers have discovered 48 lichen species at two Mars analog sites in North America and Canada. The study provides valuable information about the diversity of life on Earth as an analogue for understanding potential life on Mars.
Researchers have characterized a novel class of proteins in the parasite Leishmania infantum involved in regulating its cell cycle, which could lead to the development of more effective drugs against visceral leishmaniasis. The discovery highlights six F-box proteins essential for L. infantum growth and development, providing potential...
Researchers investigate how liver necroptosis triggers inflammation in both organs, leading to cognitive impairment. Studying aging mouse models, they found that liver necroptosis causes systemic inflammation affecting brain function.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new expansion technique to image nanoscale structures inside cells using conventional light microscopes. The method, which expands tissue 20-fold in a single step, allows for high-resolution imaging of organelles and protein clusters.
The team observed an 'inside-out' growing galaxy in the early universe using the James Webb Space Telescope. This type of growth had been predicted by theoretical models but was never directly observed until now. The research found that the star formation activity is rising towards the outskirts, indicating a rapid growth rate.
A study from Lund University shows that high DNA fragmentation in sperm is associated with doubled risk of preeclampsia and premature birth in women conceived through IVF. The findings suggest that DFI analysis could be used to identify high-risk pregnancies, potentially leading to improved fertility treatment.
A new study found that brain endurance training (BET) improves attention and executive function, as well as physical endurance and resistance exercise performance in older adults. BET outperformed exercise-only training in terms of cognitive and physical performance improvements.
Researchers from Delft University of Technology have unraveled the mechanism of the antibacterial function of human GBP1 proteins, forming a protective coat around bacteria to break their membrane. This discovery could aid in developing medications and therapies for individuals with weakened immune systems.
This study explores key components of Neural Architecture Search (NAS), including search spaces, strategies, and evaluation mechanisms. Newer approaches significantly reduce computational cost, making NAS more accessible for diverse applications.
Researchers at São Paulo State University used condensed matter physics concepts to describe protein compartmentalization in cells. The study proposes a cellular Griffiths-like phase that may be linked to the origin of life and the emergence of primordial organisms.
Researchers analyzed 48 studies on AI's effect on medical imaging workflows and found no significant efficiency gains. The success of implementation depends heavily on specific conditions and processes on site.
China's space science has achieved significant breakthroughs with soft landings on the moon, extraterrestrial samples, and Mars exploration. Future missions will focus on five scientific themes: Extreme Universe, Space-Time Ripples, Panoramic View of the Sun and Earth, Habitable Planets, and Biological & Physical Science in Space.
Researchers have discovered a new strategy to enhance the catalytic performance of metal nanoclusters by modulating interactions with surface ligands on their surface when encapsulated within MOFs. The study showed that this approach significantly improves the catalytic efficiency of nanoclusters in tandem hydrogenation reactions.
Researchers at KAIST successfully developed single-atom editing technology that maximizes drug efficacy by converting oxygen atoms into nitrogen atoms in furan compounds. This breakthrough technology enables selective editing of complex natural products or pharmaceuticals, opening new doors for building libraries of drug candidates.
A randomised clinical trial shows that integrating physiotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy is effective in improving symptoms and physical aspects of the quality of life of patients with functional movement disorders. The study suggests this approach could be cost-effective and opens up new lines of research.
Scientists have identified a novel molecular mechanism underlying brain cell communication, regulating excitatory synapse maturation and contributing to anxiety disorders. The study reveals the TrkC-PTPσ complex governs synaptic protein phosphorylation, leading to abnormal synapse organization and behavioral defects in mice.
The study found significant disparities in age-specific all-cause mortality across racial and ethnic groups, with the greatest relative increases seen in populations ages 25 to 64. These findings deviated from pre-pandemic patterns, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address health inequities.
A team of scientists, led by Anne Bang, is working to establish clearer connections between genes and their effects on brain function and mental health. They will use high-throughput screening technology to study over 100 genes in brain cells.
A new study found that HDL particle quality declines over time in women after menopause, increasing risk of episodic memory loss. Women with smaller, more functional HDL particles are less likely to experience cognitive decline.
Scientists studying teenage socializing found that teenaged friendships lay essential foundations for wellbeing in later life. Perceived social acceptance in early adolescence and close friendships in late adolescence predicted adult wellbeing, with lower levels of social anxiety and romantic insecurity. Timing is critical, as self-per...
Researchers analyzed compacted hairs from Tsavo lion museum specimens to find that historic lions preyed on humans, giraffes, wildebeests and oryx. The study provides insights into the ecology and diet of lions in the past and potential human-lion conflicts in Africa.
A study published in BMC Nutrition analyzed dietary records from the Japanese population, finding that fortified foods and dietary supplements contribute significantly to total nutrient intakes. The researchers aimed to provide insights for health policy formulation to improve nutrient intake in Japan.
TP53 mutations are commonly associated with therapy-related AML and complex cytogenetics. Researchers found improved long-term outcomes when allo-HCT was performed during Complete Remission 1 (CR1), despite limited effective therapies for TP53-mutated AML.
In a 30-year experiment, scientists witnessed rapid evolution of marine snails in response to pollution and climate change. The snails' adaptation was driven by genetic diversity and gene flow from neighboring populations, allowing them to rapidly adapt to their new environment.
Researchers found evidence of swarming behavior in mid-Cretaceous caddisflies, suggesting it was an ancestral trait in Trichoptera. The study indicates that the rise of echolocating bats led to the loss of swarming behavior in various trichopteran families around 50-53 million years ago.
A team from the University of Barcelona has developed a new algorithm that can read QR codes on irregular surfaces, overcoming image quality and printing issues. The system uses mathematical functions to adjust for surface topography, providing reliable readings in various environments.
Protein degrader molecules are being deployed to combat cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers have revealed previously invisible levels of detail and understanding of how the proteins work, allowing for more targeted use of them at the molecular level.
Researchers have developed a novel sensor design that outperforms existing sensors, achieving sensitivity beyond the limit of non-Hermitian degeneracy. The new system uses long-range non-reciprocal couplings to improve sensitivity by three orders compared to previous exceptional point-based sensors.
Scientists create a model of the human immune system in mice by transplanting cord blood cells, achieving balanced and functional immune cell populations. The new method shows lower rates of graft-versus-host disease and improved survival rates against transplanted cancer cells.
Researchers observed severe cold-water bleaching on deep coral reefs in the Clipperton Atoll, linked to easterly wind strength variability. This phenomenon threatens mesophotic coral ecosystems with dual challenges: warm-water bleaching from above and cold-water stress from below.
The developed pipeline, NeoDisc, integrates molecular and genetic analyses of tumors and utilizes artificial intelligence algorithms to identify personalized neoantigens for vaccine design. Researchers also show that NeoDisc provides a more accurate selection of effective cancer antigens than current computational tools.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered significant differences in bacterial metabolites between women with endometriosis and healthy controls, suggesting a non-invasive diagnostic test. A novel therapy based on the metabolite 4-hydroxyindole may also prevent endometriosis progression.
A recent study suggests that asking people to reflect on their relationships with family during therapy can shift their emotions and memories towards a parent, even when the question isn't suggestive. The lead author emphasizes the importance of being aware of this phenomenon to ensure accurate childhood memories.
This special issue presents a collection of 20 computational methods and their applications in genomics, including spatial, single-cell, and long-read sequencing. Key findings include the development of PRiMeR for disease risk predictors and SF-Relate for identifying genetic relatives across distributed genomic datasets.
Researchers at KERI developed a novel process technology to produce hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries using microwave induction heating. The method enables ultrafast, 30-second preparation of hard carbon anodes with improved energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Recent breakthroughs have made microcombs more efficient, enabling portable and easy-to-use devices for various scientific tasks. These devices have enabled applications such as spectroscopy, optical frequency synthesis, astronomical calibration, and LiDAR.
Emotion recognition involves considering multiple factors beyond facial expressions, including physical appearance, cultural characteristics, and situational context. People tend to form associations with social status and personality traits based on these characteristics.
A team of material scientists led by Peng Wu from Kunming University of Science and Technology, China, has developed a novel microwave-infrared compatible stealth material using 8YSZ coatings. The coating exhibits strong microwave absorption and low infrared emissivity, making it suitable for improving fighter aircraft security.