Articles tagged with Discovery Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A rapidly spinning neutron star, SAX J1808.4-3658, is providing proof for the theory that millisecond pulsars are propelled to mind-boggling speeds by accretion of material from a companion star. This discovery fills an important niche in our understanding of star evolution.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is funding four new research units exploring various scientific topics. These units will investigate the development of better implants, tools for effective small-scale farm management, and the study of arithmetic and its relations to other mathematical fields.
A new laboratory tool has been developed by UNC-CH researchers to study the interaction between normal and abnormal heart cells during heart attacks. The tool, which simulates the conditions of a heart attack, aims to reduce death rates from sudden cardiac deaths in the US.
Andrew Caton, a Wistar Institute scientist, will receive the Lupus Foundation of Philadelphia's prestigious Sheryl N. Hirsch Award for his work on systemic lupus erythematosus. The award recognizes Dr. Caton's efforts to shed light on the role of infections in lupus initiation and exacerbation.
The Lupus Foundation of America has awarded a summer internship to Yale student Su-jean Seo, who is conducting research on antigens targeted in autoimmune diseases like lupus erythematosus at the Wistar Institute. The fellowship will support her work under the supervision of Dr. Jan Erikson.
Researchers at Kansas State University have identified a protein called PR-39 that can suppress the production of toxic oxygen metabolites involved in reperfusion injury. The substance may hold promise as an anti-inflammatory fighter, potentially preventing tissue damage associated with blocked blood vessels.
Researchers discovered lithium's dual anti-manic/anti-depressive effect by finding it stabilizes glutamate levels in mice brains, bringing them within a stable zone. This results in controlling both extremes of mania and depression in bipolar disorder patients.
A team of researchers found evidence of epitaxial processes that formed magnetite crystals in the ALH84001 meteorite, contradicting claims of nanofossils. The study suggests that the crystals were formed at temperatures too high for biological organisms to exist.
Dr. Masashi Yanagisawa discovered endothelin, a hormone that controls blood vessel tone and plays a crucial role in cardiovascular function. This breakthrough has sparked further research into developing drugs to block its action and is now being tested in clinical trials.
African masks have traditionally been associated with male initiation rituals, but a new study reveals that women also made and wore masks as part of an important life stage. The research challenges the long-held assumption of male dominance in African cultures.
Researchers successfully engineered a seed-building gene into a plant's leaves, resulting in the growth of embryonic tissue and roots on leaf surfaces. This breakthrough could lead to valuable innovations in food crops and revolutionize the production of oils and proteins from corn, canola, and soybeans.
A new computer program called POMPOUS has been developed to predict genetic markers with high accuracy, accelerating the discovery of gene function and reducing costs. The program has identified over 13,000 markers on the human genome, enabling researchers to analyze and identify genes more efficiently.
Researchers have discovered a possible atomic process behind sonoluminescence, which could aid in the emerging field of sonochemistry. The study proposes that stimulated atoms decaying in unison emit light, explaining the short pulses observed in sonoluminescence.
A new study reveals a link between excess thiamine and tumor-cell growth, suggesting that too much of the vitamin can actually help tumors grow. The researchers propose rational use of dietary thiamine may slow tumor growth.
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center have developed a novel mass spectrometry technique, Micropore Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry (MMIMS), to quickly and accurately assess lung function. This device can directly measure trace gas tensions in small blood and breath samples.
A new study on the fossilized skull of Mr. Ples, a relative of early humans, throws doubt on previous interpretations of brain evolution. The research suggests that some estimates of brain size in early hominids may be too high and that 3-D digital models can provide accurate measurements.
Researchers observed ballistic conductance in multi-walled carbon nanotubes at room temperature, allowing large current densities to flow without heating. This phenomenon could lead to ultra-small electronic devices with improved performance and efficiency.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have identified a protein that causes progressive retinal degeneration and functional blindness in children with Usher syndrome. Understanding the function of this protein may lead to new treatments for people with Usher syndrome and other types of retinal degeneration.
Researchers discovered a gene linked to hydrocephalus and glaucoma in mice, which is also associated with other birth defects. The gene, called mouse forkhead 1 (mf1), produces an incomplete protein that can cause abnormalities in the brain, eyes, and kidneys.
A team of researchers from UNMC and Boys Town National Research Hospital has identified the gene responsible for Usher syndrome Type IIa, a genetic disorder affecting 4 in 100,000 people. The discovery may lead to an eventual cure for the condition, which causes moderate to severe hearing loss and juvenile blindness.
A genetic study published in Animal Conservation reveals that Sumatran tigers are a distinct species from all mainland tiger subspecies. The research, led by Joel Cracraft, uses mitochondrial DNA sequencing to confirm the unique genetic markers of Sumatran tigers, supporting their classification as a separate species.
Researchers found that urbanization reduces stream diversity, but tolerates insects like midges, which are pollution-tolerant. Stream quality is affected by factors like road runoff, pavement pollution, and sediment, highlighting the need for sustainable land use practices to preserve aquatic ecosystems.
Wendy Raymond has received a three-year NIH grant to study cell division regulation in yeast using genetic and molecular approaches. Her research focuses on the role of CDC-14 in exit from mitosis, building on serendipitous findings from her 1997 winter study class.
Scientists identify a common gene family responsible for generating rhythmic electrical impulses in both the brain and heart. This discovery could lead to the development of screening tests and therapeutic applications for cardiac and neurological disorders.
The center will bring together leading cellular and molecular neuroscientists to focus on addiction from an interdisciplinary approach. It aims to understand how addicting drugs act on receptors and disrupt normal communication between nerve cells in the brain, with the ultimate goal of finding new therapeutic approaches for addiction.
Researchers from College of William and Mary and University of Arkansas found that extreme droughts from 1587-1589 and 1606-1612 affected the Tidewater region, decimating corn crops and aggravating relations with Native Americans. The findings suggest that even well-planned colonies would have struggled under these climatic conditions.
Scientists have visualized individual mRNA transcripts for the first time, revealing a cyclical transcription process that hits its peak in 30 minutes. The technique also shows that genes are transcribed at a limited rate by the number of polymerase/mRNA units at a gene's stopping point.
A team of astronomers from the University of Florida and Harvard University have discovered a star surrounded by a disk of dust that may be forming planets. The disk, known as HR 4796A, is about 220 light years from Earth and is thought to represent what Earth's solar system looked like in its infancy.
Researchers discovered a molecular pathway that leads to heart enlargement and found a way to block it using immunosuppressant drugs. The study used mice whose progression from cardiac hypertrophy mirrored humans', finding that activated calcineurin is sufficient to induce cardiac hypertrophy.
The Virginia Tech researchers have identified 30 unique extracts with activity and isolated 20 chemical compounds with bioactivity. The ethnobotanical approach has shown a slight benefit, yielding 3.8% of plants that were bioactive in yeast assays compared to 2.8% of randomly collected plants.
Researchers have designed a machine that can produce buckyballs at lower costs and higher rates, making them more accessible for commercial use. The technology could enable the development of fullerenes-based medical applications, such as antioxidants for treating diseases like ALS.
A UCSF research team has made a striking discovery that mild and intense pain are biologically distinct, involving different neurotransmitters. This knowledge could lead to the development of new drugs targeting these molecules to provide effective pain relief with lower morphine doses.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center found that growth factors, known for controlling immune cell production, also increase the ability of immune cells to take up vitamin C. This discovery sheds light on the connection between vitamin C and the immune system, showing how growth factors can boost immune function.
Researchers have discovered a gene called ARF that attaches to and disables the MDM2 protein, helping to protect the body against cancer. This natural mechanism may be manipulated to treat cancer more effectively or detect it earlier.
Researchers use high-tech Ground Penetrating Radar to uncover ancient shell middens, revealing Native American cooking practices and sea-level changes in the area. The technique allows for non-invasive exploration of saltwater marshes, providing new insights into the region's history.
The James C. McGroddy Prize for New Materials aims to stimulate discovery and innovation in materials science. This award recognizes Dr. McGroddy's significant contributions to the field, including his work on semiconductors and III-V compounds.
IBM researchers Kirtley and Tsuei have made a major breakthrough in understanding high-temperature superconductors, resolving a long-standing question about the nature of electron pairs. Their discovery of d-wave pairing symmetry may lead to new materials with higher conductivity at even higher temperatures.
Researchers identified a rare genetic mutation in the Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome, which may hold clues for treating osteoporosis. The study found that people with TDO syndrome have exceptionally dense bones that fracture rarely, offering potential insights into improving bone density treatments.
Researchers create detailed 'movies' of deadly heart irregularity, discovering spiral waves that can be controlled using chaos techniques, offering a less energetic alternative to massive jolts.
Researchers at University of Toronto uncover how protein Src strengthens synaptic connections, enhancing memory and learning. This discovery could lead to new treatments for chronic pain and epilepsy.
Physicists have measured the rate of single proton release from highly deformed nuclei, offering insights into how nucleus shape affects radioactivity. The study reveals that these unusual shapes can significantly impact radioactivity rates, challenging conventional models.
The National Science Board will meet on February 25-27, 1998, to discuss various topics including graduate education, industry reliance on publicly funded research, and long-range planning. The meeting is open to the public, and media representatives are invited to attend.
Researchers found that female African frogs use a rapid series of loud clicks to attract mates, triggering a reciprocal signaling system. This discovery contradicts traditional views on mating habits and highlights the role of hormones in regulating vocalization and courtship behavior.
A third of patients with major depression remain undetected by primary care physicians for up to a year, leading to grave consequences. Patients who went undiagnosed reported nine times more role limitation from emotional problems than community residents without depression.
PhD scientist Ellen Heber-Katz presents groundbreaking findings on regenerative biology, using a mouse model to study epimorphic regeneration in humans. Her research may lead to treatments for organ replacement, chronic wounds, and spinal cord injuries.
Researchers at Henry Ford Health System discovered evidence that male brains shrink faster with age than female brains. Brain regions involved in thinking, planning and memory show greater age-related shrinkage in men. The findings may help explain sex differences in age-related brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
New research reveals a link between the immune system and neuropathic pain, suggesting potential approaches to treating chronic pain. Investigators discovered that cytokines play a key role in producing pain-associated behaviors.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have obtained a detailed picture of an alkane-activation reaction at room temperature using ultrafast spectroscopic techniques. The study sheds light on the mechanism of alkane activation, bringing scientists closer to converting alkanes into chemically useful products.
The discovery of 92-million-year-old fossil ants in New Jersey amber confirms the existence of ants during the Age of Dinosaurs. The fossils show a metapleural gland, essential for ants' social system and ecological dominance.
The Emory University Fragile X Group will investigate molecular, neurological, and biochemical approaches to clarify the fragile X syndrome, a cause of inherited mental retardation in humans. The team aims to develop model systems and explore potential therapeutic strategies.
Astrophysicists have solved a decades-old mystery with the identification of gamma-ray burst counterparts, leading to a deeper understanding of the universe's early stages. Dr. Jan van Paradijs' discovery of an optical counterpart for a gamma-ray burst in 1997 marked a significant breakthrough.
Researchers found a brain region thought to control language is proportionately the same size in humans and chimpanzees, challenging a long-standing theory. The planum temporale, located beneath the parietal cortex, demonstrates similar asymmetry in both species, raising questions about chimp communication.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have developed a chlamydia vaccine that could prevent the leading cause of female infertility in the US. The vaccine targets a specific molecule present in all types of chlamydia, overcoming previous challenges in creating a vaccine for this bacterium.
A team of internationally renowned scientists returns from a month-long deep sea scientific expedition off the coast of Cuba, discovering four brand new species and 26 previously unknown fish. The expedition used advanced technology to explore coral reefs and shipwrecks, shedding light on underwater conservation.
The second Dynamics Days international conference will bring together experts in chaos, nonlinear dynamics, and complex systems to share their research. Speakers will discuss topics such as internet storms, animal coordination, extinction causes, and pattern formations.
Researchers discovered a simple mechanism of aging in yeast cells, where extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA (ERCs) replicates until the cell dies. ERCs' accumulation causes enlargement and fragmentation of the nucleolus, leading to cell death, suggesting a potential target for intervening aging processes.
In 1997, scientists made significant discoveries in cloning, with the cloning of Dolly sparking debate on ethics and potential benefits. The year also saw major breakthroughs in Mars exploration, gamma ray bursts, and advances in genetic understanding, including the identification of clock genes and microbial genomes.
Researchers at Northwestern University Medical School found that resveratrol in red wine is a form of estrogen with cardioprotective properties. Moderate consumption of red wine may reduce cardiovascular disease risk due to its resveratrol content, which activates estrogen receptors and increases HDL cholesterol.
Researchers discover new protein AD7c-NTP significantly elevated in brain tissue of people with Alzheimer's disease, even in early stages. The protein's presence suggests a possible role in the disease's progression and potential as a diagnostic tool.
Researchers have identified 80% of the genes active in the cardiovascular system, creating a comprehensive database that sheds light on the genetic mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding complex diseases and developing new diagnostic tests and therapies.