Articles tagged with Discovery Research
A Clemson University researcher has discovered a new parasitic worm that negatively affects reproduction in the Caribbean spiny lobster. The worm, named Carcinonemertes conanobrieni, is believed to be the first of its kind to infect this species in the Caribbean and western Atlantic Ocean.
Researchers at Tohoku University have discovered a mantle plume beneath central Greenland that melts the ice from below, bolstering understanding of volcanic activities and global sea-level rising.
Researchers conducted the first-ever census of creosotes in a 135-square-mile conservation site in Nevada's Mojave Desert, counting over 23 million plants. The study discovered trends about how landscape features influence plant growth, including the impact of slope direction and soil age on creosote volume.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have discovered a new pathway in Alzheimer's disease that could lead to earlier and more effective treatments. The Drp1-HK1-NLRP3 pathway plays a key role in disrupting normal brain cell function, leading to cognitive deficits and degeneration of white matter.
The NCCU project aims to apply evidence-based findings into real-world applications, addressing health disparities in underserved communities. Community advisory boards and focus groups will be formed to engage communities and support mentoring and networking efforts.
Researchers use ultra-bright X-rays to measure ion velocity and concentration, providing unprecedented insight into battery performance. The breakthrough discovery opens doors to optimizing battery designs for specific uses.
A newly described behavior, known as reciprocity in conversation, helps balance the scales of collaborative interactions. By incorporating small talk into work settings, teams can achieve higher levels of task enjoyment and better outcomes.
Researchers from Boyce Thompson Institute created a high-quality reference genome for S. pimpinellifolium, discovering sections of the genome underlying fruit flavor, size and ripening, stress tolerance and disease resistance. The study found over 92,000 structural variants related to important traits in cultivated tomatoes.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new sensing method using deep learning and a structure-aware temporal bilateral filter. The system can track complex motions with higher accuracy, enabling applications such as tracking small animal movements, fluid flow, and virtual reality finger movements.
Researchers at UT Austin created the smallest memory device yet, shrinking its cross-sectional area to a single square nanometer. Defects in materials unlock dense memory storage capabilities, paving the way for ultra-dense storage, neuromorphic computing systems, and more.
The study uses data-driven techniques and machine-learning architectures to improve the accuracy and efficiency of modeling processes. The researchers found that convolutional neural networks (CNN) and physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have potential in optimizing modeling processes for specific aspects of the solution process.
Researchers developed a computer vision tool to analyze facial images of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), revealing strong correlations between facial features and the condition. The study's findings could lead to improved phenotyping and treatment of CAH, a life-threatening genetic disorder affecting children.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology discovered a method to exploit Intel processors using power side-channel attacks, even without physical access. The technique uses the RAPL interface and misuses Intel's SGX functionality to extract sensitive data.
A national study of general practices in England found that diagnostic error (60%), medication incidents (25%), and delayed referrals (11%) are the main causes of avoidable harm. Researchers identified patient factors such as old age and multiple health problems, highlighting challenges in protecting patients from harm.
Researchers at UNC-Chapel Hill have linked quick flashes of light to growing satellite and space debris, providing a potential explanation for mysterious night sky phenomena. The study's findings may help reduce false alarms in astronomical surveys and improve data accuracy.
A new study by the University of Kent found that English practices with expanded sizes have not achieved better access to care or provided a better overall experience. The proportion of patients saying they can see their preferred GP fell by 10% in expanded practices compared to 7% in unchanged practices.
Research collaboration reveals maple trees as crucial to ecosystem structure and function due to their commonality, with many species at high risk of extinction worldwide.
Researchers at Ohio State and the University of Michigan discovered a new type of immune cell that rescues damaged nerve cells from death and partially reverses nerve fiber damage. The unique cell subset promotes nervous system repair and has been identified in human immune cells with similar characteristics.
Researchers at TU Graz have discovered a new sediment archive on the Styrian Erzberg, providing valuable insights into recent climate development. The archive features geologically young minerals formed shortly after the last ice age, challenging current understanding of mineral formation temperatures.
Researchers found that all species of lizards in Miami can tolerate temperatures as low as 42°F, despite previous individual tolerances. This unexpected finding provides evidence that tropical creatures can sometimes endure conditions beyond their established limits.
A joint research team from POSTECH and Korea University has developed a daytime radiative cooling effect that exhibits lower temperatures than its surroundings even during the day. The new material, produced in centimeters, showed a cooling efficiency of up to 6.1°C during strong sunlight.
The researchers found that even in ideal conditions, quantum superposition leads to rare events with higher heat dissipation than the Landauer limit, which challenges traditional understanding of information erasure. This finding has significant implications for future quantum chips and thermodynamics.
Gryfn, a Purdue University-affiliated agbioscience startup, is growing its space and expanding into new markets with its multisensor drone data collection technology. The company has added team members, evaluated new technologies, and is actively recruiting a research scientist to empower the future of agriculture research.
Researchers at Cornell Tech used smartphone data to predict episodes of schizophrenic relapse, analyzing movement, ambient sound and sleep patterns. The method found a median 108% increase in behavior anomalies before relapse.
Researchers at Columbia University discovered a rare form of magnetism in a three-layer graphene structure, showcasing exotic electronic states and controllable magnetic behavior. The twist angle enables the manipulation of spin-free magnetism, opening new possibilities for quantum computation and energy-efficient data storage.
Researchers at Linköping University have identified a new mechanism by which substances can open specific ion channels and regulate nerve impulses. The study reveals a large group of substances that influence the coupling between ion channel parts, opening potassium channels in a specific manner.
Oregon State University (OSU) will take over systems management of Ocean Observatories Initiative's cyberinfrastructure in September 2023. The team will handle data storage and delivery for the OOI, which consists of five instrumented observatories collecting over 800 instruments' data.
Researchers developed a comprehensive tool to explore disease development patterns, identifying main highways of disease progression. The Danish Disease Trajectory Browser analyzes 25 years of public health data to discover frequent disease trajectories.
The GDPR's restrictive approach to international data transfers is hindering global biomedical research, including essential COVID-19 studies. The authors propose amendments to address this issue, ensuring the balance between individual privacy and societal benefits in research contexts.
A new algorithm has been developed by Penn State researchers to train adversarial bots that can exploit weaknesses in master game bots using deep reinforcement learning. The algorithm successfully defeated a world-class AI bot in StarCraft II, highlighting the security threat of using such agents.
Scientists at University of Bath and UCB biopharma company produce miniaturized antibodies up to five times smaller than regular ones. These tiny antibodies may bind to sites on pathogens that larger antibodies can't, offering a potential new class of treatments.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have created a wearable exosuit that reduces lower back muscle fatigue in individuals working in physically demanding fields. The exosuit applies assistive forces to relieve strain on muscles and spine, reducing injury risks and improving safety for frontline workers.
A new species of nemertean was discovered in Panama by Natsumi Hookabe during a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute workshop. The species, Euborlasia maycoli sp. nov., is the first of its genus to be found in the Caribbean region.
Tiny crystals containing iron, silicon, and aluminium increase magma viscosity, leading to violent eruptions. The discovery explains the mystery of sudden volcano eruptions, providing insights into geochemical processes.
A new research initiative aims to predict and help rural communities adapt to climate change's impact on biodiversity. The project develops novel approaches for modeling, visualizing, and forecasting spatial and temporal data.
Researchers have identified 11 critical cyber vulnerabilities in SweynTooth technology, which affects at least 32 medical devices in Singapore. The Greyhound framework was designed to systematically sniff out security lapses in Bluetooth-enabled devices, with 90% of affected device manufacturers implementing preventive measures.
A team of researchers from the University of Portsmouth discovered over 1,200 dinosaur teeth that confirm Spinosaurus was a river-monster. The findings support the theory that dinosaurs were adapted to an aquatic lifestyle, with Spinosaurus being the most commonly found creature in the Kem Kem river system.
A study published by VCU researchers found a significant increase in nonfatal opioid overdose visits to the Richmond emergency department during March-June 2020, with a 123% rise from 2019 data. The surge occurred despite a lower-than-average number of overall visits during this period.
A global survey reveals a lack of public trust in how genetic data is shared, hindering genomic research. Less than half of respondents would be happy to share their genetic information for more than one purpose.
A machine-learning tool analyzed COVID-19 publications revealing a shortage of basic lab-based studies on the virus's microbiology. This gap may hinder our ability to contain future pandemics.
A new discovery in regenerative medicine may lead to new treatments for placenta complications during pregnancy. Researchers at Monash University and Duke-NUS have developed a method to create induced trophoblast stem cells (iTSCs) that can be used to make placenta cells.
Researchers discovered that popular messengers like WhatsApp, Signal, and Telegram allow for large-scale abuse of contact discovery services, exposing sensitive user data. Attackers can build accurate behavior models by querying random phone numbers, enabling them to track users across social networks and public data sources.
Researchers at Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute discovered a marker predicting aggressive clinical course in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. The marker allows identifying patients with poor evolution, enabling early intervention and improved treatment outcomes.
A new material has been found to enable ultra-fast toggle switching, which could increase the capacity of fibre optic cable networks by an order of magnitude. This breakthrough overcomes three major obstacles to further progress with the internet: speed, energy consumption, and network capacity.
Researchers have developed an immune-oncology approach that uses nanobodies to target cancer cells and boost the body's natural immune response. The new therapy has shown promise in treating multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia, and could lead to new treatments for a range of cancers.
A study from Dartmouth College found that passive monitoring of phone usage can mirror activity in the brain linked to traits such as anxiety, with predictions matching fMRI scans at 80% accuracy. Phone data analysis also supported long-term emotional traits and helped eliminate subjectivity in other information-gathering techniques.
The European ReIReS network has launched an online database offering improved access to research material and sources on Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The database combines the rich collections of various European institutions, providing a single platform for researchers to search and reuse data.
A new study published in Hepatology has identified a gene, Fas Associated Factor Family Member 2 (FAF2), that may reduce the risk of developing alcoholic cirrhosis. The researchers found that this gene is involved in lipid droplet organization pathway and is linked to other genes that increase the likelihood of liver disease.
A 100 million light year away, an unusual Type Ia supernova has been observed by a Florida State University led research team. The supernova's slow brightening and unusual characteristics are unlike any other, providing valuable insights into the origins of these powerful explosions.
A recent study found that people prefer a combination of human and app-based contact tracing for the coronavirus. The research suggests that trust in the provider of the app is more important than privacy concerns when it comes to choosing a contact tracing method.
Researchers have discovered deep seabed channels beneath Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica that may be the pathway for warm ocean water to melt the underside of the ice. The findings suggest that these channels could play a critical role in contributing to future global sea level rise.
Neighbourhoods with high walkability and bikeability scores are associated with higher collision risks, despite being deemed safe for walking and biking. Researchers identified hotspots in the downtown core and areas like Strathcona and Mount Pleasant as high-risk zones for cyclists.
A two-metre-long Atlantic sturgeon discovered in a 1495 shipwreck off Sweden's coast reveals insights into the Baltic Sea's ecosystem during the Middle Ages. The well-preserved fish remains were identified through DNA analysis, providing a unique link between the sturgeon and royal politics.
A new method combines Deep-Learning, hydrological models and Earth observations to quantify small as well as large-scale changes to the water storage on the South American continent. The study shows that the method is particularly reliable for tropical regions, where rain forests and vast surface waters are located.
A recent study published in The Lancet Rheumatology found that nearly 90% of shoulder replacement implants last more than ten years. Patients reported continued benefits from the operation, with a sustained positive effect on their lives for at least a decade.
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed a new technique for compressing data from the Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The method enables random access to compressed files, reducing the need to decompress large amounts of data for analysis.
KDD 2020 features four keynote talks on meta-provenance, AI for intelligent financial services, state-space multi-taper time-frequency analysis, and computational epidemiology. The conference will also include 18 applied data science invited talks and 217 accepted research papers.
A new study reveals broad inconsistencies in COVID-19 data presentation across national public health institutes' websites, limiting its usefulness. Researchers recommend a standardized format and content sharing to improve data aggregation and inform future research, clinical decisions, and policy-making.
Scientists at Scripps Research have discovered a molecule that can activate the STING protein to help patients fight cancer. The optimized STING-activator, SR-717, dramatically suppressed tumor growth and boosted immune cells in an animal model of aggressive melanoma.
Researchers studied three swan species and found all were most frequently aggressive to their own kind, suggesting similar individuals compete for resources. The findings provide insight into how swan behavior affects other waterbirds over winter and highlight the importance of understanding bird competition.