Articles tagged with Discovery Research
A new study finds that the decision to purchase a gun is driven by a fear of stricter regulations rather than self-protection after a mass shooting. The research, led by NYU Tandon Institute Professor Maurizio Porfiri, kicks off a larger study on individual, state, and national drivers of firearm behavior.
Researchers studied Backpage.com accounts and discovered linked activities among them, which may help identify illegal trafficking activity. The study found common behaviors in ads placed by these accounts, including evasive tactics used by sex trafficking organizations.
A novel AI-enhanced precision medicine approach identifies a novel autism subtype characterized by abnormal lipid levels, providing a potential breakthrough for early diagnosis and intervention. The research also found a strong association between parental dyslipidemia and autism spectrum disorder in children.
Researchers studied how microbes in fermented sausages influence fatty acid production, revealing differences between microbe combinations. The study found that specific bacteria alter the composition of fatty acids, contributing to desirable traits like antifungal activity and flavor profiles.
A team of researchers at Argonne National Laboratory has discovered a possible breakthrough solution for controlling defects in 3D printing by using temperature data to predict the formation of subsurface defects. This could eliminate costly inspections and enable mass production of complex metallic components.
The National Science Foundation has awarded UVA a $1.2 million expansion of a grant to develop a secure, high-performance computing system for COVID-19 research. The system will provide access to protected health data for researchers across the nation.
The Michelson Prizes support the innovative work of Dr. Danika Hill and Dr. Michael Birnbaum on discovering targets for long-lived humoral immunity and identifying specific antigens in HIV vaccines.
Electrochemical doping enhances optical and electrical properties of single-walled carbon nanotube films, increasing conductivity while suppressing optical transitions. The reversible method facilitates high doping levels, opening new avenues for future electronics and electrochromic devices.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals the intricate choreography of phage assembly and its impact on bacterial infections. The research provides new insights into the mechanism of action of phages, which could lead to more precise and effective treatments for drug-resistant bacterial infections.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in three-dimensional photonic topological phases, enabling the realization of lossless waveguides and robust control of electromagnetic waves. The advancements in topological photonics are set to diversify into nonlinearity, non-Hermiticity, and higher-dimensions.
Researchers discovered a unique 'BO enzyme' found only within certain bacteria responsible for producing body odour molecules. This breakthrough highlights the role of Staphylococcus hominis in body odour production and suggests its existence prior to modern humans' evolution.
Curtin University researchers have discovered a new method for creating crystalline graphite using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, without the need for metal catalysts or special raw materials. The technique was developed by Master-level student Jason Fogg, who used short fast pulses to heat samples to extreme temperatures.
Researchers discovered a rare single gene mutation in a patient that eliminated an immune cell population, namely MAIT cells. The study demonstrates the impact of a single gene mutation on the human immune system and advances personalized medicine.
Researchers linked genetic data with historical records to uncover new insights into the slave trade's effects on African Americans and Latin Americans. The study found that Nigerian ancestry is over-represented in US African Americans, while Senegambians are under-represented due to their transportation to rice plantations.
Researchers at UNH identified rare base-flipping events in an RNA virus that could be used to develop new treatments. The study provides insights into how viral RNAs interact with inhibitors, which could lead to the design of better drugs.
A Columbia data scientist aims to develop tools to manage demand with flexible options for consumers, converting their flexibility into operational efficiency for companies. He plans to create mathematical frameworks to optimize pricing and scheduling, benefiting both consumers and firms.
This latest issue of Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications (CVIA) features groundbreaking research on identification of novel TTN mutations and discovery of digenic mutations. The issue includes studies on the genetic causes of dilated cardiomyopathy and the effects of glycyrrhizic acid on vascular injury.
Researchers discovered a new DNA storage technique that encodes and retrieves information with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. The method harnesses the capacity of intertwined DNA strands to store durable and compact data, outperforming current methods in information accuracy and efficiency.
Researchers at MDC developed Janggu, a universal programming tool converting genomics data into a format compatible with deep learning models. This allows for flexible and efficient analysis of large datasets, enabling the investigation of various biological questions.
Researchers have developed a new analytical approach called single-cell higher-order testing (scHOT) that enables the study of broad changes in gene behavior within human tissue. The method has been successfully tested on mice and identified novel pairs of genes that co-vary in expression, providing insights into neurodevelopmental dis...
A team of researchers at POSTECH has developed a new type of semiconductor memory that uses a two-dimensional layered structure material, which can operate stably at low power consumption. The material, CsPb2Br5, showed improved stability and performance compared to traditional materials, with memory characteristics maintained over 140°C.
Researchers at University of Missouri discovered that pencils can conduct energy when drawing on paper, allowing for the creation of bioelectronic devices. The devices can be used for personal health monitoring, education, and remote research, offering a low-cost and simple alternative to existing commercial devices.
A recent study from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics found that lightning activity and charge structure varied before and after a severe hailfall. The research suggests that lightning data can serve as an indicator for hazardous weather phenomena and improve short-term forecasting.
A study in rats demonstrates the bystander effect exists in non-human species. Rats were less likely to rescue a rodent in need when surrounded by incompetent helpers, but more likely to take action when fellow bystanders were willing helpers.
Researchers at the University of South Carolina are developing a de-identified linked database system and mobile app to track COVID-19 transmission, progression, and clinical outcomes. The system will leverage machine learning algorithms and integrate data from multiple sources, including social media and geospatial data.
Chinese researchers identify RNF126 as a key enzyme in the reubiquitination process, targeting misfolded membrane proteins for degradation. The study highlights the importance of this mechanism in maintaining normal cell physiology and potentially serving as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have built an intelligent mobile robot scientist capable of working 24/7 and making decisions autonomously. The robot has discovered a new catalyst six times more active than traditional ones, expanding its capabilities to tackle complex chemistry problems.
A Rutgers study found that Medicare beneficiaries' self-reported data is more accurate than administrative data sources in tracking minority populations. In 19 states, Hispanic beneficiaries were misclassified at a rate of 20%, while American and Alaskan Native beneficiaries were misclassified in over 80% of states.
Researchers at McMaster University found nearly 90% of sounds used in auditory experiments have no connection to the natural world. This discovery raises questions about the use of artificial tone beeps in testing the auditory system, highlighting their limitations and potential impact on real-world applications.
Researchers have discovered two novel biomarkers, FKBPL and CD44, that can predict key underlying causes of preeclampsia. The biomarkers show potential for early diagnosis in both early and late pregnancy, as well as targeted treatments.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed a new molecule that can be used to create high-quality indium nitride, enabling its use in high-frequency electronics. The indium triazenide molecule allows for epitaxial growth of indium nitride on silicon carbide substrates, producing extremely pure material.
The study found that C. difficile massively activates a human enzyme called plasminogen to destroy gut tissue and spread infection. Researchers developed an antibody that prevents plasminogen activation, stalling infection progress and tissue damage.
A University of Illinois professor has proposed a framework for guiding researchers in developing common data science approaches, aiming to unify conversations and share knowledge across disciplines. The data science life cycle framework identifies key issues that can be generalized across fields and those specific to each discipline.
Astronomers have discovered a Neptune-sized planet, AU Mic b, orbiting a young and nearby star, AU Microscopii. The discovery provides an opportunity to study the early days of planetary formation and migration in a solar system's early stages.
Researchers have discovered two new species of burrowing crayfishes in southwestern Alabama and southeastern Mississippi. The Lonesome Gravedigger and the Banded Mudbug are considered Vulnerable to extinction due to their limited ranges.
The Data Assembly aims to inform policymakers on responsible data re-use for COVID-19, balancing benefits and costs. The project explores public concerns and perspectives on data governance.
A new technique that synchronises the clocks of computers in under a billionth of a second can eliminate one of the hurdles for the deployment of all-optical networks, potentially leading to more efficient data centers. This method, called clock phase caching, can reduce the time to recover the clock and increase performance of optical...
Chaowei Yang and collaborators are developing a comprehensive data repository of virus cases, social information, and other relevant data. The platform utilizes spatiotemporal computing infrastructure for analyzing case trajectories, identifying patterns, and predicting future trends.
New Zealand centenarians exhibit low rates of chronic diseases such as diabetes, depression, and hypertension. Socially active participants showed similar patterns across age groups, while exercise improved health without significant effects on ageing.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered a new plant gene, CLE53, that regulates cooperation between fungi and plants. The gene helps plants absorb phosphorus more effectively, reducing fertiliser use and increasing agricultural efficiency.
The University of Arkansas will lead a statewide computing-cloud called the Arkansas Research Platform to integrate existing high-performance computer resources. Researchers from nine institutions will focus on three major areas of data science: managing complex data sets, securing data privacy, and developing machine learning models.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered a new signaling pathway that can regulate beige fat thermogenesis independently of adrenergic signaling. This discovery opens a new direction for approaching metabolic disorders and could potentially provide a treatment option for patients with catecholamine resistance.
George Mason University's Dieter Bilitza has been awarded funding to work with the Space Physics Data Facility and NASA on advancing strategic science goals through data acquisition and archival services. He will focus on ITM data sets, ensuring useful products are generated for independent community use.
Researchers have discovered a new liquid phase of matter, the ferroelectric nematic, which exhibits strong polar ordering and can be controlled by electric fields. This discovery opens up new possibilities for technological innovations, including advanced display screens and reimagined computer memory.
A new mathematical model estimates regional disease burden and vaccination impact, identifying priority areas for future vaccinations. The analysis suggests that more than 300,000 JE cases were prevented globally due to vaccination between 2000 and 2015.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered that reducing two essential amino acids, threonine and tryptophan, can lead to increased calorie burn and improved health in young mice. A low-threonine diet also protected obese mice from developing type 2 diabetes.
A new software project aims to provide a decision-making tool for health providers and policymakers to balance the need for research with patient privacy concerns. The tool will evaluate risks of sharing sensitive patient data, such as location or medical history, to prevent identification.
Researchers have discovered biochemical alterations in skin cells, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease. High levels of folic acid reversed these alterations in cell cultures, suggesting a possible treatment strategy.
A new sensor-based system developed by RMIT University and Arup uses artificial intelligence to measure staff comfort and concentration in flexible working spaces. The study found that office temperature, sleep quality, and meeting schedules significantly impact perceived concentration levels.
A Penn State research team examined the effects of differential privacy on mortality rates in 2010, revealing dramatic changes in population counts for racial and ethnic minorities. The findings highlight concerns about data accuracy, funding allocations, and understated health risks in some areas.
A team of scientists at Lancaster University has discovered a single molecule that can act like a transistor and store binary information. The molecule, which is around five square nanometres in size, could potentially offer information density of 250 terabits per square inch.
Cynthia Dwork has received the Knuth Prize for her groundbreaking work on cryptography in network environments, privacy, and foundational contributions to theoretical computer science. Her research transformed several fields, including distributed systems, data privacy, and fairness in algorithmic decision making.
The Student Collaboration Project aims to diversify the field of space science by providing undergraduate and graduate students with a firsthand research experience. Students will design, build, and launch CubeSats that collect data on the Earth's upper atmosphere.
A method to investigate healthcare data quality using a systematic approach has been developed by researchers at the University of Maryland Baltimore County. The software automatically detects data defects effectively and efficiently, reducing the prevalence of errors in some existing healthcare datasets.
The National COVID Cohort Collaborative aims to turn coronavirus patient data into effective treatments and predictive tools. The secure database will enable diverse experts to analyze the data, identifying potential new drugs and treatments.
A special collection in SLAS Discovery highlights new screening tools and assays for ion channel drug discovery. The articles cover various techniques such as optical and automated patch clamp electrophysiology to identify new chemical matter for medically relevant membrane protein targets.
A recent study found that birds in eastern North America are shifting their breeding ranges in response to climate change. Some species, such as Carolina wrens and red-bellied woodpeckers, may be resilient to future changes, while others, like Neotropical migratory birds, are experiencing range contractions. The research highlights the...
Researchers identified two classes of compounds that prevent most of the effects of interferon-α on human beta cells, paving the way for potential clinical trials. IFN-α promotes rapid changes in chromatin accessibility, which may contribute to triggering autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes.
Stroke survivors who receive early visual training can recover more of their lost vision than those trained later. Researchers discovered that the brain's visual structures degenerate over time after an occipital stroke, but early intervention can halt this loss.
Data science researchers at UC Davis received over $1 million in grants to study innovative concepts with high impact. The grants will fund multidisciplinary research partnerships and projects addressing challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic.